Edgar Stuart (Duke of Cambridge)

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Edgar Stuart
Duke of Cambridge
Born14 September 1667
St James's Palace, London
Died8 June 1671(1671-06-08) (aged 3)
Richmond Palace, Surrey
Burial12 June 1671
Westminster Abbey
HouseStuart
FatherJames, Duke of York
MotherAnne Hyde

Edgar Stuart, Duke of Cambridge (14 September 1667 – 8 June 1671) was the fourth son of James, Duke of York (later James II of England) and his first wife Anne Hyde. He was second in the line of succession to the English and Scottish thrones.

Life

Edgar was born on 14 September 1667 at St James's Palace[1] and baptized there with the Duke of Albemarle, the Marquis of Worcester, and the Countess of Suffolk as sponsors.[2] The name "Edgar" had ancient roots in both the English (Edgar the Peaceful) and Scottish (Edgar, King of Scotland) monarchies. On 7 October 1667 he was created Duke and Earl of Cambridge and Baron of Dauntsey.[3] His elder brother Charles had died at the age of six months in 1661 before the patent for the title of Duke of Cambridge was passed and another brother, James, was formally created Duke of Cambridge before his death in 1667 at the age of three. Edgar's titles became extinct until the birth of another son, also named Charles, in 1677.

His mother was ill for months following his birth and never fully recovered, though she gave birth twice more to daughters who died before their first birthdays; she died on 13 March 1671.[4] Edgar died at Richmond Palace on 8 June 1671[1] leading to official mourning.[5] He was entombed in the royal vault in the Henry VII Chapel in Westminster Abbey on 12 June 1671, his coffin placed atop that of his mother.[6]

Legacy

The town of Edgartown, Massachusetts, on Martha's Vineyard, settled in 1642, was named for him when incorporated in 1671, shortly before news of his death reached North America.[7][8] Martha's Vineyard was then part of the proprietary colony of New York, given to Edgar's father the Duke of York in 1664 by Charles II.[9]

Arms

See adjacent text
Coat of arms as Duke of Cambridge

Edgar bore a coat of arms, as a grandson of a British Sovereign, consisting those of the kingdom, differenced by a label argent of five points ermine.[10]

Ancestry

References

  1. ^ a b Weir, Alison (1999). Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy. London, U.K.: The Bodley Head. p. 259.
  2. ^ Sheppard, Edgar (1894). Memorials of St. James's Palace. Vol. II. London: Longmans, Green & Company. p. 43. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  3. ^ Cokayne, G.E.; et al., eds. (2000). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant. Vol. II (new ed.). Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing. p. 496.
  4. ^ Henslowe, J.R. Anne Hyde, Duchess of York. London: T. Werner Laurie. p. 289.
  5. ^ Hinds, Allen B. "Calendar of State Papers Relating To English Affairs in the Archives of Venice, Volume 37, 1671-1672:June 1671, 21–30.. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1939". British History Online. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  6. ^ Keepe, Henry (1682). Monumenta Westmonasteriensia: Or An Historical Account of the Original, Increase, and Present State of St. Peter's, Or the Abby Church of Westminster. C. Wilkinson and T. Dring. p. 109. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  7. ^ Gladden, George (1911). "Martha's Vineyard". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 787–788.
  8. ^ Edgartown at the Encyclopædia Britannica
  9. ^ Banks, Charles Edward (1911). The History of Martha's Vineyard, Dukes County, Massachusetts. Vol. I. G.H. Dean. pp. 140ff. ISBN 9780598971876.
  10. ^ "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal family". Retrieved 18 October 2018.

3 Annotations

Second Reading

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Poor Anne Hyde, Duchess of York, pregnant through the deaths of two sons in the Spring, and the dismissal of her father, Chancellor Hyde, just weeks before.

Edgar's life only lasted four years, but at least he outlasted his mother.

Edgar Stuart, Duke of Cambridge (14 September 1667 – 8 June 1671) was the fourth son of James, Duke of York and his first wife, Anne Hyde.

Edgar was immediately second in the line of succession to the English and Scottish thrones.

He was born at St. James's Palace and baptized there with George Monck, Duke of Albemarle; Edward Somerset, Marquis of Worcester, and Barbara Villiers Howard, Countess of Suffolk [AUNT TO BARBARA VILLIERS PALMER, COUNTESS OF CASTLEMAINE] as sponsors.

The name "Edgar" has ancient roots in both the English (Edgar the Peaceful) and Scottish (Edgar, King of Scotland) monarchies.

On 7 October, 1667 our Edgar was created Duke and Earl of Cambridge and Baron of Dauntsey.

His elder brother, Charles, had died at the age of six months in 1661 before the patent for the title of Duke of Cambridge was passed. Another brother, James was formally created Duke of Cambridge before his death in 1667 at the age of three.

Edgar’s titles became extinct on his death in 1671, until the birth of another son, Charles, to the Duke of York with his second wife, Mary of Modena, in 1677.

Anne Hyde, Duchess of York was ill for months following Edgar's birth and never fully recovered, although she gave birth twice more to daughters who died before their first birthdays;

Anne Hyde, Duchess of York died on 13 March 1671.

Edgar Stuart, Duke of Cambridge died at Richmond Palace on 8 June, 1671 and was entombed in the royal vault in the Henry VII Chapel in Westminster Abbey on 12 June, 1671, his coffin placed atop that of his mother.

For pictures of Anne Hyde and James, Duke of York, but not of Edgar, see https://news.knowledia.com/US/en/…
The article is below the pictures.

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Francis Howard Villiers was the youngest daughter of Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk. She married Sir Edward Villiers, youngest son of Sir Edward Villiers, governor of Munster; and became the mother to William III's favorite, the 1st Earl of Jersey.
In 1669 she was governess to Edgar, Duke of Cambridge, with a salary of 400/. a year. (Jesse's Memorials of the House of Stuart, i. 456.)

FROM https://www.cambridge.org/core/jo… ]

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

A contemporary view of the household of Edgar, Duke of Cambridge, is given by Cosmo, the future Grand Duke of Turin, who visited London in May 1669.

I've standardized the spelling of names I know, corrected scanning errors I could figure out, and increased the number of paragraphs. I apologize if they are wrong:

The court of England is divided into the king's household, and those of the reigning Queen, of the Queen Mother, of the Duke of York, of the Duchess of York, and of the Duke of Cambridge, son of the Duke of York. ...

In the Establishment of the Duke of Cambridge, the head situation is that of Mrs. [FRANCIS] Villiers, who has the title of Governess;
[FRANCIS HOWARD VILLIERS -- https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…

and, when she is engaged, her place is supplied by Miss Gilbert.

There are other ladies, pages, and servants, for the service of the chamber and of the table.

@@@

IN 1669 EDGAR, DUKE OF CAMBRIDGE WAS THIRD IN THE LINE OF SUCCESSION AFTER THE DUKE OF YORK. IF CHARLES II HAD HAD A LEGITIMATE SON, CAMBRIDGE WOULD HAVE BEEN DROPPED AND THE NEW PRINCE OF WALES ADDED.

His sisters, Mary and Anne, were brought up at Richmond Palace, and I see that he died there as well. So I'm guessing that is where he spent most of his short time on earth.

From:
TRAVELS OF COSMO THE THIRD, GRAND DUKE OF TUSCANY,
THROUGH ENGLAND,
DURING THE REIGN OF KING CHARLES THE SECOND (1669)
TRANSLATED FROM THE ITALIAN MANUSCRIPT
https://archive.org/stream/travel…

His highness, Cosmo, must be considered only as a traveler. Under his direction, the narrator of the records was Count Lorenzo Magalotti, afterwards Secretary to the Academy del Cimento, and one of the most learned and eminent characters of the court of Ferdinand II.

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References

Chart showing the number of references in each month of the diary’s entries.

1667