References
Chart showing the number of references in each month of the diary’s entries.
Leghorn (Livorno), Italy
Map
The overlays that highlight 17th century London features are approximate and derived from Wenceslaus Hollar’s maps:
- Built-up London – London before the Fire
- City of London wall and Great Fire damage – London after the Fire
Open location in Google Maps: 43.551875, 10.308011
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2 Annotations
First Reading
Terry F • Link
"Livorno (archaic English: Leghorn) is a port city on the Tyrrhenian Sea on the western edge of Tuscany, Italy.... The 'Leggi Livornine' were laws that ruled between 1590 and 1603. These laws helped the trading activity of the merchant, freedom of religion and amnesty for some penance. Thanks to these laws, many foreigners people moved to Livorno, which became a cosmopolitan city. Hebrews, Armenians, Greeks, Netherlanders, and some English people were among them. Livorno became one of the most important port[s] of the Mediterranean area....There is a breed of chicken called leghorn, named after the city. This in turn gave its name to the cartoon character Foghorn Leghorn."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legh…
Second Reading
San Diego Sarah • Link
"The 'Leggi Livornine' were laws that ruled between 1590 and 1603. These laws helped the trading activity of the merchant, freedom of religion and amnesty for some penance. Thanks to these laws, many foreigners people moved to Livorno, which became a cosmopolitan city. Hebrews, Armenians, Greeks, Netherlanders, and some English people were among them."
Sadly that wasn't the only way people ended up in Livorno. Here's a report about the treatment of some Jewish women captured in North Africa in 1610 and brought to Livorno as slaves. In order to make them more valuable for randsom, the Italian doctor in charge of the slave prison arranged for them to be raped by the Muslim slaves and some forced laborers. The Duke of Tuscany thought that was a grand idea, and today there is a street named after the doctor and his statue is honored as being one of the city fathers. (Have a feeling that isn't going to last much longer.)
As Thomas Hobbes observed, life was cruel, hrutish and short in those days.
https://phys.org/news/2022-05-phe…