Wednesday 27 June 1660

With my Lord to the Duke, where he spoke to Mr. Coventry to despatch my business of the Acts, in which place every body gives me joy, as if I were in it, which God send.1

Dined with my Lord and all the officers of his regiment, who invited my Lord and his friends, as many as he would bring, to dinner, at the Swan, at Dowgate, a poor house and ill dressed, but very good fish and plenty. Here Mr. Symons, the Surgeon, told me how he was likely to lose his estate that he had bought, at which I was not a little pleased.

To Westminster, and with Mr. Howe by coach to the Speaker’s, where my Lord supped with the King, but I could not get in. So back again, and after a song or two in my chamber in the dark, which do (now that the bed is out) sound very well, I went home and to bed.

26 Annotations

First Reading

Eric Walla  •  Link

Do we have previous dealings ...

... with Mr Symons, the surgeon? I'd love to hear the background history that leads Sam to delight in his suffering.

I can just see Sam standing in the dark of his chamber letting loose in song! A fine image.

Eric Walla  •  Link

Or does "not a little pleased" mean the opposite of my reading?

Tim Bray  •  Link

Did Sam retain his 350l salary, so is this a 10% raise? The footnote leaves me a bit puzzled as to why this was such good news.

Paul Brewster  •  Link

he was likely to lose his estate that he had bought
The L&M footnote gives only the briefest of hints, "The estate had been confiscated from the church." It then points forward in time (23 August 1660) to another discussion of the loss of a church estate. But in August the diary passage refers to W. Symons and not Mr. Symons, the Chyurgeon. On this date, the footnote discusses W. Symons's relationship with his uncle, Henry Scobell. Apparently Scobell was responsible for the sale of the land of deans and chapters during the Commonwealth Parliament. In 1660, Scobell died and passed on some of this property to W. Symons and now the restoration was doing its job of restoring the property to its original owner.

The L&M companion clearly differentiates between Thomas? Symons, the medical man attached to Montagu's Regiment having their party at the Swan, and Will Symons, the clerk who had the useful uncle. My only conjecture is that although there is no mention in L&M, they're somehow related and both profited (?) from this same Uncle's ill-starred position.

This doesn't leave us much closer to SP's state of mind when he says he's "not a little pleased". I suspect that SP now places himself firmly in the Royalist camp and it does his heart good to see the boys that may have leaped ahead of him in the old days taken down a peg or two.

chip  •  Link

What is also noteworthy is SP's honesty about his schadenfreude. His noticing the difference in resonance without the bed (and I assume its harmonics sucking mattress) prove that his ears were astute. But did he sing or play his flute?

vincent  •  Link

"to lose his estate that he had bought, at which I was not a little pleased" my reading is Symons got the estate for a "song" (left in a will?), he having good connections, and our SP is quite "chuffed " that he will lose it, whose property was it, before being taken over by the old regime? was really the churches? Or was it the Deans'? Is the Dean, is or was known by SP ? Did SP like this Character? Symons may not be SP's favourite drinking companion?

Paul Chapin  •  Link

Sam's salary
Re Tim Bray's question, I interpret the footnote as follows. The post had a statutory salary established a century earlier, which was way too low by Sam's time. So they in fact had already told Sam that the salary would be 350l. The 33l+ figure was official but not real.

If this is right, and Sam knew he would shortly be receiving 350l per annum, it would explain why the offer of 500l to pass up the appointment wouldn't be all that tempting.

Paul Brewster  •  Link

Sam's salary
It should also be noted that this potential position was a lifetime appointment. As the L&M companion states “a public official appointed under a royal patent acquired a legal tenure for life and was customarily immune for dismissal for anything short of criminal conviction.

anthony  •  Link

Like Eric and Chip, I was amused by Sam's appreciation of the altered acoustic in his chamber; I recall on the way to Cambridge some months previously he had played his flute in a cellar and remarked on room's echo. Verily a Stuart Phil Spector ...

Pauline  •  Link

"So back again, and after a song or two in my chamber in the dark..."
I am assuming Sam went back to Montagu's lodgings in Whitehall and up to his old room in the garret. After a song or two, he goes "home" to where the bed now resides.

So not only revealing about his feeling for music but in that he takes a quiet interlude in these days of rapid advancement and change to go up to the old chamber where he began his career (and his marriage) and plays/sings in the dark.

Glyn  •  Link

The Swan, at Dowgate, a poor house and ill dressed, but very good fish and plenty.

Sam should have been a restaurant guide - what more would you require in a concise review. Of course, it's right next to the river, so there would have been fresh fish a plenty.

The Swan is thought to have been located on the west side of Dowgate Hill and immediately north of the church of St John the Baptist - just south of what is now Cannon Street.

Like a lot of the places Sam visits, it was a celebrated Elizabethan tavern that was at least 100 years old. At this point in time it was owned by a Thomas Cox, who held it from 1638 to 1661.

It's known that he was promoted to Captain, then Major, then to Lieutenant-Colonel during the early years of the Civil War. I presume from this that he had fought on the Parliamentarian side (because London was strongly Parliamentarian), and that he was quite rich (because important officers had to bankroll their own troops).

Glyn  •  Link

Here's an official letter that he wrote on this day. It's nothing very important but probably fairly typical of his daily work. Capt Thomas Bun appears later in the Diary, but not Capt Mootham so far as I can see.

"To Captain Mootham, commander of the Foresight, Captain Bun, commander of the Essex, or which of these Vice-Admiral Lawson shall appoint convoy to Bilbao.

Whitehall, 27 June 1660

SIR

I am to advise you in your passage into the Bay of Biscay that you are to forbear to surprise, block or molest any of the Spanish boats or vessels which you shall meet with there. It was not thought proper to insert this in your instructions, wherefore you are desired to observe it as if it had. I am directed to give you private advice hereor and rest,

Your loving friend and humble servant
S. PEPYS SECRETARY"

Second Reading

MarkS  •  Link

"a poor house and ill dressed, but very good fish and plenty."

The punctuation seems to be wrong here. It should read "a poor house, and ill-dressed (but very good) fish, and plenty."

It was the fish not the house that was 'ill-dressed'. To dress means to prepare a dish of food. It means that the fish, though good in itself and plentiful, was badly prepared.

From Boswell's Life of Johnson, a century later: "At the inn where we stopped he was exceedingly dissatisfied with some roast mutton which we had for dinner. The ladies, I saw, wondered to see the great philosopher, whose wisdom and wit they had been admiring all the way, get into ill-humour from such a cause. He scolded the waiter, saying, 'It is as bad as bad can be: it is ill-fed, ill-killed, ill-kept, and ill-dressed.'"

Bill  •  Link

"but I could not get in"

Does this mean Sam is part of My Lord's entourage? An, as yet, unimportant part?

Weavethe hawk  •  Link

Mark,
I agree with your correction of the punctuation, but I think by badly dressed, Sam means badly presented rather than badly prepared.

Gillian Bagwell  •  Link

There was no standard punctuation in those days, and I believe the "ill dressed" refers to the house, not the fish. So the punctuation is fine, even by the standards of a copy editor of today!

Weavethe hawk  •  Link

Gillian,
Ill dressed refers to the food.

william wright  •  Link

I'm with Gillian Bagwell on "Ill dressed". Shabby run down premises or "tired" as we say, but good food. Been in several places like that myself.

Gerald Berg  •  Link

If I were Symons I would not be confiding my loss to someone whom I may suspect would be happy to know of my misfortune. That is not how people usually behave. So either Sam is a duplicitous fellow towards Symons or "not a little pleased" means the opposite of what we would now take it to mean. I prefer the latter interpretation.

Bryan  •  Link

Punctuation

The punctuation is Wheatley's, i.e. 19th century. Here's an excerpt from a "future" annotation for the Sunday 30 April 1665 entry by Michael Robinson:

L&M on 'Punctuation' etc.,vol i, p lxiv:-

"The normal marks of punctuation are seldom used in the manuscript, probably because some of them are used instead as arbitrary symbols for common words: the colon and full-stop are thus employed to represent 'owe'/'oh' and 'eye'/'I' respectively. Except for the extremely rare use of a comma (which is used a few times to separate words in series), the only normal punctuation marks found in the manuscript are parentheses (the practice with these is not always the same as ours), new lines for paragraphs (usually flush with the left hand margin, but sometimes indented), hyphens in compound words and compound names (although hyphens are restricted to longhand and even there they are used only seldom), apostrophes for possession (these too are rarely used and only in longhand), colons and full-stops for some abbreviations, dashes and full-stops occasionally in sums of money, full stops and oblique strokes after some title headings, etc., a rarely used square bracket for marking off a quotation."

http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1…

Third Reading

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

L&M companion: “a public official appointed under a royal patent acquired a legal tenure for life and was customarily immune for dismissal for anything short of criminal conviction.”

But that wasn’t true for Mr. Barlow who received a royal patent from King Charles I, which was honored by the Commonwealth. Barlow is about to loose his income, gratuities, and housing. No wonder he's upset.

He'd been receiving the 35/. income; the gratuities paid by Royalists are probably more generous than those given by Cromwellians??? What I'm getting at is that we will see Pepys squirrel away a goodly sum in the next few years, but I don't think we should assume Barlow has been so fortunate.

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

'"but I could not get in" -- 'Does this mean Sam is part of My Lord's entourage? An, as yet, unimportant part?'

Speaker of the House of Commons, Harbottle Grimston MP (1603-1685) has an extensive House of Commons biography. During the English Civil Wars, he remained a Parliamentarian but was sympathetic to the Royalists.

As Speaker, Grimston would have enjoyed prestigeous housing -- where it was, I have no idea. (Today the Speaker has an incredible apartment in the Palace of Westminster overlooking the Thames -- but of course, it's not the Palace Pepys knew.)

If you've been to Westminster Hall (the one Pepys did know) you will have seen the golden coach made by Wiliam and Mary for the Speaker in 1711. Again, not something Pepys would have seen, but together they give you an idea of the invested power of the position of Speaker in those days.

My take on this comment is that the Speaker gave a public dinner party for Charles II -- something the masses could watch from behind a barrier.
Charles didn't like doing this, and avoided doing it as much as he could, but at the time it was customary for the peasants to gawk at the rich and powerful at meal times.
The kitchens always cooked too much food, so the leftovers could be given to the poor -- guess who were first in line.

So I think Pepys arrived with or after the rich and powerful, and found the space behind the barrier already full.

Instead of elbowing out the poor, he returned to his old digs at Montagu's apartments at Whitehall (and probably got a snack from the reinstated housekeeper, Sarah?) before going home to Elizabeth.

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

On this day, one of the Regicides who got away turned himself into the House of Commons:

https://www.british-history.ac.uk…

Wednesday, 27th June1660.

Prayers.
Wogan surrenders.
THE House being informed, that Colonel Thomas Wogan, one of the Persons who sat in Judgment upon the late King, hath surrendered himself;
Resolved, That Colonel Thomas Wogan be taken into Custody by the Serjeant at Arms attending this House.

@@@

Since Wogan is never mentioned by Pepys, briefly: Thomas Wogan, the third son of John Wogan of Wiston, Pembrokeshire, was active in Wales for Parliament during the First Civil War and was elected recruiter MP for Cardigan in August 1646.

During the Second Civil War, Thomas Wogan MP served under Col. Horton at the defeat of the Royalist insurgents at the battle of St. Fagans (May 1648), after which he was promoted to colonel and appointed vernor of Aberystwyth Castle by Cromwell.

In January 1649, Col. Thomas Wogan was appointed to the High Court of Justice for the trial of King Charles, and was a signatory of the King's death warrant.

During the Commonwealth, Col. Thomas Wogan MP was granted lands in Ireland, where a branch of the Wogan family was long established.

Col. Thomas Wogan MP was excluded from pardon at the Restoration and surrendered to the authorities in June 1660.

Col. Thomas Wogan MP was held at York Castle until 1664 when he escaped to the Netherlands.

He was last heard of at Utrecht in 1666, when Aphra Behn reported that he was engaged in a conspiracy against the English government.
http://bcw-project.org/biography/…

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Meanwhile, at Whitehall:

During Charles II's triumphal progress to London, George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham had many opportunities to revive his credit with Charles II -- something he must have hoped would continue from the favor with which Charles regarded his cousin, Barbara Villiers, Lady Palmer.

Later this "enormously vicious and ravenous woman" honored Buck-ingham with one of her furious demoniac hatreds, but at first they were on excellent terms, and it was at her lodgings that Buckingham was brought into nightly contact with Charles II.

Both mistress and wit were united by their common detestation of Chancellor Edward Hyde (not created the Earl of Clarendon until May 1661). Buckingham attributed to him the conspicuous omission of his name from the list of the Privy Council, to which all the other former members had been reappointed.

Buckingham’s revenge was fast. The convivial gatherings at Lady Palmer's gave him his opportunity, and at the little suppers where Charles II sought to drown in wine and ribaldry all recollection of the homilies delivered by his Chancellor, the flippant Duke caricatured to the life the pompous deportment of that austere Minister.

It must have been difficult for Charles II to repress his amusement at the spectacle of the madcap Duke, preceded by his old associate Col. Silas Titus, with a fire-shovel for the mace, and a pair of bellows for the purse, solemnly aping the portentous gravity of the tedious "Schoolmaster."

Reckless as he habitually was, Buckingham did not affront Chancellor Hyde without safe-guarding himself against too critical an enquiry into his own past doings. By June 6, 1660, he had taken out a pardon under the Great Seal "for all past offences." It is true this step did not necessarily presuppose an admission of guilt. 1
1 Dom. State Cal., 6 June, 1660.

This was a time when a mere technicality might place the most upright citizen at the mercy of an informer, so a pardon was dictated by ordinary prudence.

On this occasion, Buckingham did not prove over-hasty, as a week after his pardon had been signed and sealed, a warrant was issued against two of his gentlemen, on the grounds that they had betrayed Charles II's secrets to his enemies during the Commonwealth." 2
2 Guizot's "Life of Monk," App. p. 374.

Adapted from:
GEORGE VILLIERS, SECOND DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM -- 1628-1687 : A STUDY IN THE HISTORY OF THE RESTORATION
By WINIFRED Anne Henrietta Christine Herbert Gardner, LADY BURGHCLERE
JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET, W. LONDON
1903
https://archive.org/stream/cu3192…

Col. Silus Titus MP https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
Barbara Villiers, Lady Palmer
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
Chancellor Edward Hyde
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…

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