Friday 30 November 1660

(Office day). To the office, where Sir G. Carteret did give us an account how Mr. Holland do intend to prevail with the Parliament to try his project of discharging the seamen all at present by ticket, and so promise interest to all men that will lend money upon them at eight per cent., for so long as they are unpaid; whereby he do think to take away the growing debt, which do now lie upon the kingdom for lack of present money to discharge the seamen. But this we are troubled at as some diminution to us.

I having two barrels of oysters at home, I caused one of them and some wine to be brought to the inner room in the office, and there the Principal Officers did go and eat them.

So we sat till noon, and then to dinner, and to it again in the afternoon till night.

At home I sent for Mr. Hater, and broke the other barrel with him, and did afterwards sit down discoursing of sea terms to learn of him. And he being gone I went up and sat till twelve at night again to make an end of my Lord’s accounts, as I did the last night. Which at last I made a good end of, and so to bed.

25 Annotations

First Reading

Alan Bedford  •  Link

Sam seems concerned that Holland's scheme will cost him and the Principal Officers some power and/or money. Anyone have any specific insight into Holland's proposal?

john lauer  •  Link

It will be covered on the 3rd and 4th.

David A. Smith  •  Link

"interest to all men ... at eight per cent., for so long as they are unpaid"
Welcome to deficit spending; the government is recapitalizing a liability into a loan, being sold by the government as a scrip for a debt. The rate is (intentionally) exorbitant (for the times) and is intended to assuage the army and also to get a lot of soldiers happily to sign up for it. I expect most of them will grab it and ease the government's cash flow problem. Clever Charles II!

Harry  •  Link

I DO feel perplexed by the way SP handles his verbs:

Sir G. Carteret DID give us an account...
Mr. Holland DO intend to prevail...
whereby he DO think...

However:
I CAUSED one of them and some wine to be brought to the inner room in the office....
So we SAT till noon...
At home I SENT for Mr. Hater, and BROKE the other barrel with him, and DID afterwards sit down

Can anyone explain this to me? What would induce SP to insert a DO (or DID, but not a DOES!), or leave it out? Was it common usage at the time, and when DID the practice cease? Remnants have survived to this day. DID people speak this way, or was it restricted to written English? I DO find it very puzzling, DOn't you agree?

Mary  •  Link

DO as an auxiliary verb

Between about 1500 and 1700 it became very common to use 'do' as a periphrastic, auxiliary verb in indicative tenses. It gave no additional meaning to the verb: 'He did say' was the simple equivalent of 'He said'. Language has its fashions, and this was one of them.

The variation between 'do', 'doth' and 'does' reflects changes in use over time. In the 16th century, all three forms might be found in fairly general use; in the course of the 17th Century 'doth' started to disappear, being supplanted by the northern English form 'does'. The 'do' form of the 3rd person singular retreated to south-western dialectal areas, where it can still be found. I have also heard it amongst older speakers in East Anglia.

Pepys was writing at a time when these changes were gradually taking place and he would have heard all three forms used, but has apparently not adopted the northern 'does' himself in all cases.

'Do/doth/does' are used in the present tense and 'did' in the preterite, of course.

A. De Araujo  •  Link

"Clever Charles II" Was this deficit spending generalized? followed by inflation? any concise economic history of this period?

Martin King  •  Link

Up until about 5 years ago I was living in South Wales where "do" was still used as an auxiliary verb including using it with the verb "to do"! For example "That's what I do do"

Harry  •  Link

DO as an auxiliary verb

Thank you Mary and Martin, that was most helpful. As I live in Paris I have noted the difficulty that some Frenchmen have with the survival of certain uses of "do" as an auxiliary verb(which, I believe, are not found in any other language), such as for interrogations ("how do you make this machine work?") and negatives ("I don't have a clue"). Try explaining to them what "how do you do?" is all about.

dirk  •  Link

DO as an auxiliary verb

The only language I know of (if I remember correctly) that consistently uses the equivalent of "to do" as an auxiliary verb with all other verbs and in all tenses is Basque - a language which has no obvious relationship with any other roman or germanic language.

In English this would lead to sentences like: "And he HAVING DONE going I DID go up and DID sit till twelve at night again to DO make an end of my Lord

Second Reading

Terry Foreman  •  Link

"discharging the seamen all at present by ticket" does not apply to soldiers, whose idleness the Parliament has feared even more than the seamen and have paid and "disbanded" -- a reasonable priority, given the recent history of The New Model Army. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New…

Parliament will leave the scheme in the hands of Pepys and the other principal Officers of the Navy -- a scurvy job!

Terry Foreman  •  Link

"Mr. Holland do intend to prevail with the Parliament to try his project of discharging the seamen all at present by ticket, and so promise interest to all men that will lend money upon them at eight per cent., for so long as they are unpaid"

L&M: John Holland was an experienced naval official: between 1635 and 1653 he had been in turn Paymaster, Commissioner, and Surveyor. Pepys kept some of his earlier memoranda (1630) on pay-tickets. His present scheme came to nothing; additional funds were provided by a tax: see http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1… and
http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1…

Third Reading

Awanthi Vardaraj  •  Link

Two 'barrels' of oysters in one day. Exactly how big are these barrels?

Charles Miller  •  Link

The barrel in this instance would, I think, be similar to a costrel - a small portable container in use until the 19th century, and would probably contain 24-30 oysters, so enough to share as a mid-morning snack with office colleagues, perhaps 3-4 each. What I don’t know is whether the barrel was bought or returned.. SP mentions them so often, what did he do with them?

Carl  •  Link

So many oysters! And a young wife!

john  •  Link

"I having two barrels of oysters at home, I caused one of them and some wine to be brought to the inner room in the office, and there the Principal Officers did go and eat them."

Today, one brings in bagels or doughnuts or somesuch for one's colleagues.

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Meanwhile at Court, Charles II makes a lot of trouble in the long run by rewarding his Royalist followers with lands in Ireland.

"An act for the better execution of His Majesties gracious declaration for the settlement of his kingdome of Ireland and satisfaction of the several interests of adventurers, souldiers, and other His Majesties subjects there.

WHEREAS by Our said Declaration of the thirtieth of November, One thousand six hundred and sixty,
We have made provision for the Settlement of Our Kingdome of Ireland, and Satisfaction of the several Interests of Adventurers, Souldiers and others Our Subjects there, which we are minded to put in effectual Execution: We have therefore hereby nominated you, or any five or more of you, whereof two of the persons following to be alwayes present, (viz.)
Our Trusty and Right well beloved Cousin and Counsellour Arthur Lord Viscount Valentia,
Our Vice-Treasurer and General Receiver of Our said Realm, Our Trusty and well beloved Counsellour Sir James Barry,
James Donelan Esq and John Bysse Esq Sir James Ware, Our Atturney, and Solicitor General,
Our Commissioners for the putting in Execution the matters and things therein contained, according to the Tenor of these following Instructions.

You are to cast up the whole Debt and Demand of the Ad∣venturers, as well those that are satisfied, as those that are in part or in whole deficient, as also all the forfeited Lands assigned to, or for the said Adventurers, according to the Survey commonly called Doctor Petty's Down Admeasurement: And the said Demands and Lands you are to compare toge∣ther, and what the said Lands fall short of satisfying the said Adventurers, according to the Rates, Measures and Propor∣tions, of which all or any of the Adventurers were possessed the Seventh of May One thousand six hundred fifty nine, so much of the forfeited Lands in the County of Lowth in the Province of Leinster (except the Barony of Atherdee), you are to set apart for satisfaction of the said Adventurers;
And if the said forfeited Lands shall fall short of satisfying the said Adventurers, you are then to add the forfeited Lands undisposed by Our said Declaration, in the County of Catherlogh;
And if those shall fall short; then the Lands remaining undis∣posed of in the County of Kildare, to supply all the said Adventurers deficiencies;
And if those Lands fall short, then you are apart other forfeited Lands in some convenient place for the end aforesaid.

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

PART 2

And in order to the more particular apportioning or dividing the said Lands amongst the said Adventurers, and satisfying their deficiencies, & ascertaining their respective proportions, You are to cause publick Proclamation to be made within the respective Counties, Cities, Baronies, and places in Ireland, thereby directing each Adventurer, his Assignee or Assignees, or his or their Agent or Agents, sufficiently authorized, that hath received any satisfaction in Land for his Adventure, within forty dayes after such Proclamation, to deliver unto you in writing under his Hand and Seal a particular of the Houses, Lands, Tenements, and Hereditaments possessed by him, together with the content or number of Acres both profitable and unprofitable, in each Town-Land, Village, Balybo, or Quar∣ter of Land, as the same were admeasured to him, or for his use, and in the Right of whom he claimeth such Adventure. ..."

Later, buried in the fine print. are the pay offs:

Page 49
... And whereas James Duke of Ormonde, Lord Steward of Our Household, together with Sir Philip Percivall and Sir George Lane Knights, and also others at the instance and request of the said Duke of Ormonde, became bound for certain Moneys lent, and publick Debts incurred for Provision, Arms and Amunition, and furnished and delivered in Provisions and other Necessaries, in Order to the carrying on of the War in that Our Kingdom, whereby they have made themselves, their Heirs, Executors and Administrators, lyable to Suit, Hazard and Loss, if not provided for, and sa∣tisfaction set out for the same, which in all equity ought to be done, you are therefore required forthwith to set out Forfeited Lands in the Counties of Kildare and Dublin, or one of them, for satisfaction of the said Debts, Provisions, and other necessaries, according to the last fore-going Rules; and that in the mean time neither the said Duke of Ormonde, nor any other bound for the said Debts at his instance and request, their Heirs, Executors, or Admistrators, be sued, molested, or troubled for, or concerning the same; And if any of the said Lands already set, or which shall be set out be restored to former Proprietors, you are forthwith to assign other Lands of equal Value, Worth and Purchase in lieu thereof: You are likewise after the same rate of Ten years purchase to assign & set out some convenient Forfeited lands unto Major George Rayden, in satisfaction of Debentures for Arrears and Moneys paid by him for Provisions furnished as aforesaid, and for which no satisfaction as yet hath been assigned, as also to Do∣ctor William Petty, for his deficient Debentures according to the direction of Our Letter of the Second of January, One thousand Six hundred and sixty. ..."

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

PART 3

20 plus pages later we see a Pepys' friend mentioned:

"Be it therefore hereby further Provided and Enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That the said Carey Dillon, his Heirs, Executors, Administrators and Assignes, shall and may re∣ceive for the remainder of his Arrears unsatisfied for Service in Ireland, before the Fifth of June, One thousand six hundred forty nine, farther and equal satisfaction, with other the Commissioned Officers that shall or are to receive satisfaction for their respective Arrears, due before the said Fifth of June, One thousand six hundred forty nine, by virtue of this Act, any thing in this Act contained to the contrary in any wise not∣withstanding.

And whereas several Clauses, Articles, Instructions, Pro∣visoes, and other matters herein before and after mentioned, do relate to particular persons, and concern the Disposition and Settlement of several lands and Tenements to them, wherein and whereby divers innocent persons, Bodies Poli∣tick and Corporate, their innocent Heirs, Executors, Successors or Assignes, may receive great loss and prejudice, if due care be not had for saving their Iust Rights and Interests; Be it therefore Enacted and Declared, That the several and respective Estates, Rights, Titles and Interests, belonging to any innocent person or persons, Bodies Politick or Corporate, or to their innocent Heirs, Executors, Successors or Assigns, shall be and is hereby saved unto him or them respectively, any Clause, Article, Instruction, Proviso, or other Grant or Disposition thereof herein made to the contrary notwithstanding.

Page 99
Whereas James Duke of Ormonde in the time of his being Lieutenant General and General Governour of this his Majesties Kingdom of Ireland, hath from the beginning of the Rebellion here in a most Eminent manner Acted in the Suppression thereof, and the Reducing the Persons involved therein unto their due Obedience; and hath upon the most abstracted Considerations of Honour and Conscience, faithfully adhered to his Majesty, and to the Crown of England, without any Regard had to his own Estate or Fortune: And whereas divers Estates in tayle for life or years whereof the Reversions and Remainders in Fee, or Fee tayle is, or are in the said Duke, or in Elizabeth Duchess of Ormonde his Wife, are by means of the said Rebellion, or by virtue of this present Act, or otherwise become forfeited or vested in his Majesty, ... of which if his Majesty should take advantage, the same should not onely be very prejudicial to the said Duke, in respect of his own Estate, but also in respect of the Estates which he holds and enjoys in the Right of his said Duchess, and would very much hinder the said Duke and Duchess in the setling of their Estate, in such manner that he may provide for the payment of his Debts, and make provision for his Children: ...

and so it goes on -- the lawyers and clerks made a fortune off this lot!

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

PART 4

Provided alwayes, and be it further Enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That Wentworth Earl of Kildare, his Heirs and Assigns, shall and may have the preemption, and be pre∣ferred unto the purchase of, and enjoy the Forfeited Interests and Estates in and of all such Lands, Tenements and Here∣ditaments by this present Act vested in his Majesty, his Heirs and Successors, and not restored to the former Proprietors as were or are held of or from George late Earl of Kildare, or the said Wentworth Earl of Kildare, or either of them, or of their or any of their Manors, or whereout Chief Rent, Service or Duty was or is reserved unto the said George Earl of Kildare, Wentworth Earl of Kildare, or either of them, as also of any other Lands, Tenements or Hereditaments surrounded by, or intermixt with the said Earl of Kildares Estate, which he the said Earl shall desire by placing thereon such Adventures, Arrears, Decrees, Incumbrances, or other publick Debts or In∣terests as are confirmed and allowed by this present Act, and according to the Tenor thereof are satisfiable thereupon; and that the personal Arrears of George late Earl of Kildare, for Service in Ireland, before the Fifth day of June, One Thou∣sand Six Hundred Forty Nine, be satisfied out of such Forfeited Houses, Lands, Tenements or Hereditaments, and o∣ther Security lyable to the Satisfaction of such Arrears in the County of Kildare, and elsewhere in the Kingdom of Ireland, lying most convenient unto the Estate of the said Earl of Kildare, which he the said Wentworth Earl of Kildare, shall make choice of, all which said Satisfactions are to be made at the same Rates and Proportions, and according to the same Rules as are directed by this Act, in Cases of the like Nature, any thing in this present Act, or any clause therein contained to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding.

Provided alwayes, That nothing in this Act contained, shall prejudice the Right, Title, or Interest of Martin Noel or John Arthur in any the forfeited houses, tenements or hereditaments in the Town of Wexford; And it is hereby Enacted, ...

Another Pepys colleague:

Provided also, and be it further Enacted, That Arthur now Earl of Anglesey, and Lord Viscount Valentia, his Heirs and Assigns, in his and their respective Settlements and Satisfactions pursuant to this Act, shall and may enjoy the ful benefit and advantage of his Majesties respective Gracious Letters in the behalf of the said Lord Viscount Valentia, under his Majesties Royal Signet, Inrolled in his Majesties high Court of Chancery in Ireland, so far forth as the same are consistent with his Majesties said Declaration, any thing in this Act to the contrary notwithstanding.

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

PART 5

Then for a change of pace:

And for the better prevention of all future Rebellions and to the end Our good Subjects of Ireland may be likewise secured against all Insurrections or Attempts for the time to come, and the said Kingdome be the better planted and improved; Be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That it shall and may be lawful to and for the Lord Lieutenant, or other Chief Governour and Governours and Council of Ireland, for the time being, from time to time, and at all times hereafter, during the space of Seven years, to be accompted from the first of May, One thousand six hundred sixty two, to make and establish such Rules, Orders and Directions, for the better planting with Protestants the Lands by this Act vested in his Majesty, and not appointed to be restored to innocent persons.

And for the better Regulation of Cities, Walled Towns and Corporations, and the electing of Magistrates and Officers there, and to inflict such Penalties for the breach thereof as they in their wisdome shall think fit, so as the Penalties for breach of the Rules of Plantation do not extend further then to treble the Quit-rents due for the Lands, which shall be planted otherwise then those Rules shall direct, the said Penalties to continue and be yearly paid to the King, his Heirs and Successors, till the said Rules of Plantation be performed, and thenceforth the Rent by this Act reserved to be only payable, and so as the Penalties for breach of the Rules to be made touching Corporations, do not extend fur∣ther then to the removal and disfranchizment of such persons as shall be found guilty of the breach thereof, which Rules, Orders and Directions so as aforesaid to be made, shall be as good and effectual in Law to all intents and purposes, as if the same had been established by Authority of this present Parliament, and shall remain, continue and abide in force for such and so long time as in the said Rules, Orders and Directions shall be limited and appointed. ...
etc. etc. etc.

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

PART 6

Later another familiar name appears:

Provided also, and be it further Enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That Theobald Earl of Garlingford, and Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon, shall be and are hereby restored unto, and vested in all and singular the messuages, manors, lands, tenements and hereditaments respectively, whereof they, or either of them, or any other person or persons to the use of, or in trust for them or either of them, were seized or possessed upon

Page 109
the Two and Twentieth day of October, One thousand Six hundred Forty & one, or at any time since, and that such persons, and their heirs and assigns, to whom any of the lands belonging to the said Earl of Carlingford, and Lord Viscount Dillon, or either of them have been set out, and who are by this Act reprizable for the same, be forthwith reprized out of the first Lands that shall come unto his Majesty in the Province of Connaught or County of Clare, either by the restoring of any persons to their Estates, who we•e formerly transplanted or otherwise, any thing in this Act contained to the contrary notwithstanding.

Later, the enemies list:
Page 110
... Provided alwayes, and it is hereby further Enacted, That nothing in this Act contained shall extend to vest in his Majesty, his Heirs or Successors, any the Honours, Castles, Messuages, Manors, Lands, Tenements and Hereditaments, whereof Oliver Cromwel deceased, Henry Ireton de∣ceased, John Jones deceased, Daniel Axtel deceased, Gregory Clement deceased, Isaac Ewer deceased, John Bradshaw decea∣sed, Thomas Andrews deceased, Thomas Hamond deceased, Sir Hardress Waller, John Hewson, Miles Corbet, Thomas Wogan, Edmond Ludlow, Edward Dendy, John Lisle, William late Lord Mounson, Cornelius Holland, Henry Smith, Owen Row, Edmond Harvy, Nicholas Love, Edward Whaley, Thomas Pride deceased, William Say, Valentine Walton, John Berkstead, Sir Michael Livesey, John Okey, William Gouffe, Thomas Challinor, William Cawley, John Dixwel, Andrew Braughton, Thomas Harrison, Adrian Scroop, John Carew, Thomas Scot, Hugh Peters, Francis Hacker, Isaac Pennington, Henry Martin, Gilbert Millington, Robert Tichburn, Robert Lilborn, John Downs, Vincent Potter, Augustine Garland, George Fleetwood, Simon Mayne, James Temple, Peter Temple, Thomas Wait, Sir John Danvers, John Blackston, Sir William Constable, Richard Dean, Francis Allyn deceased, Peregrine Pelham, John Aldred, alias, Alured, Humphrey Edwards, John Vynn, Anthony Stapely, Thomas Horton, John Frey, James Challiner, Sir Henry Mildmay, Sir James Har∣rington, John Phelps, CONTINUED IN NEXT POST

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

THE END

or any of them were at any time heretofore seized or possessed in their own Right, or any other in Trust for them, or to their use, or which at any time heretofore were given and granted, alloted, assigned, distributed, disposed or conveyed to them or any of them, or any other in Trust for them or any of them, or to any other person or per∣sons claiming by, from or under them or any of them in satis∣faction of any Adventures or Arrears due unto them or any of them, or for any other Recompence or Reward whatsoever, but the same and every of them other than the Lands and Tenements given and granted unto Michael Lord Bishop of Cork, and other than the Lands and Tenements hereafter disposed to Francis Lord Anger, shall be and are hereby vested and setled in and upon his Royal Highness James Duke of York and Albain, Earl of Ulster, &c. to have and hold to his said Highness, his Heirs and Assigns, freed, exempted and discharged, so long as the same remain in the possession of his Highness, or his Heirs, of and to from any new or increased Rent, Services and Payments, in and by this Act assessed, imposed and reserved, but with like benefit and advantage of Reprizal in case of restitution as any Adventurer or Souldier by virtue of this present Act may or ought to have, and also with further and other benefit of Reprizal for so much of the premisses as by virtue of the Declaration and Instructions or this present Act shall be held or enjoyed by any Adventurer or Souldier: And if his Royal Highness, or his Heirs shall grant or alien all or any the lands or premisses herein before mentioned, otherwise than by lease or leases for lives or years, upon which the full moyety of the improved Rent shall be re∣served, then so much as shall be aliened or granted, shall be subject to and charged with such Tenures, Rents, Services and other Payments as other Lands by this Act ought to be subject to and charged with. ...

I'm less than half way through this document which will upset Ireland for the next 400 years.
https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo…

Later you'll hear about Thomas Blood's decades long vendetta against James Butler, Duke of Ormonde. This was the cause -- the Blood family lost their farm.

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Apparently our Pepys had a cousin also named Samuel. This statement is posted here because it demonstrates the far-reaching effect of the above Declaration:

A Statement of the Case of Samuel Pepys [as legatee of his father, Richard Pepys, late Chief Justice of Ireland]
Date: [1661?]
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 68, fol(s). 629
Document type: Copy

A Statement of the Case of Samuel Pepys [as legatee of his father, Richard Pepys, late Chief Justice of Ireland] purchaser from Major Dudley Philips, concerning his claim to certain arrears of military pay for services in Ireland, under the terms of his Majesty's late 'Declaration' for the Settlement of that Kingdom.

FROM: Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661
For more information on the Carte manuscripts and calendar, see the Carte Calendar Project homepage.
Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32 Extent: 464 pages
https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…

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