Terry Foreman on 9 Jan 2011  •  Link

The Royal Society today at Arundel House — from the Hooke Folio Online

Ian: 9. 1667/8. (Dr. Kings siluer pipes for mr Townly.) account of transfusion on coga)

Dr Clark account of Heuelius paper) manuscript of Amber to be Translated by Haak & oldenburg). Sr. The Deuaux paper of clayes -

Auzout desires an account of my new Leuell. mr. Hooke was desired to make a draught of it to be sent to him.

expt. for next Day. 1 weather glasse for sea 2 Dr Croons wine vessell 3 cider module 4. tying Iugular. 5 shining fish. 6 circulation not through Lungs. 7. perfecting clockwork)

It was also orderd that the curator should bring in an account of his new astronomicall Instrument answering that of mr Townly for diuiding a foot into many thousand parts & thereby obseruing the Distances of starrs & that the coppy thereof should be [In margin]Vz. sent to mr Heuelius - [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich… ]

http://webapps.qmul.ac.uk/cell/Ho…

Terry Foreman on 9 Jan 2011  •  Link

John Evelyn's Diary

9th January, 1668. Went to see the revels at the Middle Temple, which is also an old riotous custom, and has relation neither to virtue nor policy.

[ (T)he students of the Inns of Court learned to dance, sing, and play instrumental music; and those accomplishments found expression no doubt in the "masques" and "revels" for which the societies formerly distinguished themselves, especially the Inner Temple and Gray's Inn. These entertainments were of great antiquity and much magnificence, involving very considerable expense....The plays and masques performed were sometimes repeated elsewhere than in the hall of the Inns, especially before the sovereign in court. A master of the revels was appointed, commonly designated Lord of Misrule (in the Middle Temple, the Prince D'Amour, whose reign ended on February 2, Candlemas), whose authority in making the necessary arrangements was paramount. Abundant information as to the scope and nature of these entertainments has come down to us: one of the festivals is minutely described by Gerard Leigh in his 'Accedence of Armorie', 1612; and a tradition ascribes the first performance of Shakespeare's 'Twelfth Night' to a revel held in the Middle Temple hall in February 1601. http://is.gd/gP4cL ]

http://is.gd/fY5wB

Terry Foreman on 9 Jan 2011  •  Link

John Werden to Sandwich
Written from: Madrid
Date: 9/19 January 1668

Has received his Lordship's letters from Talaveruela. There is a delay interposed in the transmission of that for Lord Arlington, for want of papers from Don Pedro del Campo which are to accompany it. Advice has come that Lord Clarendon is certainly at Paris.

Don John of Austria [ http://www.pepysdiary.com/encyclo… ] has presented a Memorial to the Queen Regent [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marí… ] insisting on being declared an Infant of Spain. It is said that this proceeding is so highly resented, that Don John will not be allowed to prosecute his intended journey to Flanders.

Reports the complaint which he has received from the Consul of Cadiz "of his confinement", contrary to stipulation in the recent Treaty. The Dutch & Hanseatic Consuls are, he adds, in the same condition.

http://www.rsl.ox.ac.uk/dept/scwm…

Terry Foreman on 9 Jan 2011  •  Link

"visited by my cozen Anthony Joyce about the L350 which he desires me to lend him, and which I have a mind enough to do, but would have it in my power to call it out again in a little time"

Cp. last month's 22nd: "Cozen Kate Joyce come....to see us and to tell me that her husband is going to build his house again, and would borrow of me 300l., which I shall upon good security be willing to do,...." http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1…

Generous SP? Methinks not to the Joyce's but to Sister Paulina: "wrote to my father about lending Anthony Joyce the money he desires; and I declare that I would do it as part of Pall's portion, and that Pall should have the use of the money till she be married"

Australian Susan on 9 Jan 2011  •  Link

"...where Mr. Hollier come and dined with me, and it is still mighty pleasant to hear him talk of Rome and the Pope, with what hearty zeal and hatred he talks against him..."

SP does not seem to have used Mr H as a character witness when he fell foul of Mr Oates' spurious accusations post-Diary. Maybe Hollier had died by then. Presumably he might have recalled this conversation and SP's obvious pleasure in it and been a support to this cause.

Terry Foreman on 10 Jan 2011  •  Link

"SP does not seem to have used Mr H as a character witness when he fell foul of Mr Oates’ spurious accusations post-Diary. Maybe Hollier had died by then."

The L&M Companion records Mr H retiring from St Bart's Hospital in 1680 -- just as the charges against Pepys were dropped. Pepys's case seems to have involved discrediting the witnesses and the perjured testimony regarding his alleged specific misdeeds in France and England, not so much establishing his anti-Catholic creds.

Terry Foreman on 10 Jan 2011  •  Link

FWIW, the L&M Companion records that Mr H “seems according to his monumental inscription in Christ Church Newgate [ How unimpeachable is THAT? ] to have continued practising at St Thomas’s until his death” in 1690.

Robert Gertz on 10 Jan 2011  •  Link

"I declare that I would do it as part of Pall’s portion, and that Pall should have the use of the money till she be married, but I do propose to him to think of Mr. Cumberland rather than this Jackson that he is upon; and I confess I have a mighty mind to have a relation so able a man, and honest, and so old an acquaintance as Mr. Cumberland."

I take it Sam means he would let John Sr. hold the note in Pall's name?

Spoiler...It seems Pall missed out on having a philosopher husband of her brother's choosing-Lucky girl. Given Pall is reported by Tomalin to have pretty much found Jackson herself, it's interesting Sam suggests he's John's choice...Though I suppose it would be politic for Sam to act as though all were done by Pater John. Also given that what we know of John Sr.'s physical condition doesn't support his actively seeking grooms for Pall, I'd guess Tomalin is right and Pall did her own matchmaking...And won out over brother Sam's attempts to press a suitor on her. Hmmn I wonder if this is actually a not-so subtle bribe... "Dad, get her to dump this farmer for my acquaintance and you get a note with interest on 350ls"?

Robin Peters on 10 Jan 2011  •  Link

I am always confused by the year date not changing until April though both years being shown in blog. The link to "the Pope" is to Alexander VII but surely he had been succeeded by this time by Clement IX

Phil Gyford on 10 Jan 2011  •  Link

Thanks Robin - I've corrected the link to the Pope so it's the correct Pope now!

Ruben on 10 Jan 2011  •  Link

Alexander VII or Clement IX
This Pope and the previous one were in far away Rome and all of them were "the Pope". In those days, I presume most Englishman did not know who the Pope was and did not care. They were against and that's all.

language hat on 11 Jan 2011  •  Link

"In those days, I presume most Englishman did not know who the Pope was and did not care."

I disagree. Know thy enemy and all that. Most Westerners knew (say) Stalin was in charge of the Soviet Union no matter how much they hated communism.

Ruben on 11 Jan 2011  •  Link

“In those days, I presume most Englishman did not know who the Pope was and did not care.”

1) Pepys lived a few centuries before Stalin, and that makes a big difference. News were delivered by horse, there were no news agencies and newspapers were a novelty recently invented and not "daily".
2) "the King of France" or "the King of Denmark" or "the Pope" are titles. The bearer of the title is supposed to fulfill a certain role specific to the title and his name is not that important. If I did not convince you, ask a Catholic and he will tell you that all the Popes are OK!

Robert Gertz on 11 Jan 2011  •  Link

Not this Catholic, Ruben. I and many other Catholics actually do judge popes by performance and extent of outrageous or noble behavior. But that's another issue for other websites.

language hat on 12 Jan 2011  •  Link

Ruben: Come on. Are you seriously saying that because there were no newspapers, Englishmen had no idea who the King of France was? That's just silly.

Mary on 12 Jan 2011  •  Link

Just silly?

Well, only up to a point, Lord Copper. The aristos, gentry, middle and merchant classes would likely have known the name of the man sitting on either throne, but not necessarily folk of the humbler sort.

Michelle Wyllie on 12 Jan 2011  •  Link

Robin, according to the calendar in use throughout the 17th century, the New Year did not start until 25 March (Lady Day) although if you look at some of the entries dated 31 December, you should find Sam uses the phrase "so ends the old year" from time to time which I presume means he and a number of others believed the New Year actually started on 1 Janaury.

Australian Susan on 13 Jan 2011  •  Link

Knowing who is in charge.

There is a running gag in the popular BBC series, the Vicar of Dibley about the inhabitants of the village still thinking Margaret Thatcher is PM - it would not be funny unless based on truth! of course, this would not apply to sophisticated people in the 17thc who had access to newspapers etc.

language hat on 14 Jan 2011  •  Link

"The aristos, gentry, middle and merchant classes would likely have known the name of the man sitting on either throne, but not necessarily folk of the humbler sort."

Yes, and there are still plenty of people, even in "advanced" countries, who don't know or care who world leaders are. I presume we're not talking about them.

Terry Foreman on 11 Dec 2016  •  Link

"Ruben: Come on. Are you seriously saying that because there were no newspapers, Englishmen had no idea who the King of France was? That's just silly."

language hat, Ruben's view is worse than you think; by June 1667 there were, in London, newspapers with extensive coverage of foreign events of interest: "Following the Restoration there arose a number of publications, including the London Gazette (first published on 16 November 1665 as the Oxford Gazette), the first official journal of record and the newspaper of the Crown." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/His…

Terry Foreman on 12 Dec 2016  •  Link

Why do i say "June 1667 there were, in London, newspapers with extensive coverage of foreign events of interest"?

20 June 1667 Giulio Rospigliosi was elected Pope as Pope Clement IX (Latin: Clemens IX), surely a matter of great interest in London.

See A history of The Gazette
The Gazette has a long and established history, and has been at the heart of British public life for almost 350 years. https://www.thegazette.co.uk/hist…

Search the London Gazette Newspaper Archives (1665 - 1913)
http://newspaperarchive.com/uk/mi…

Terry Foreman on 12 Dec 2016  •  Link

How Pepys routinely got news of the larger world from the Gazette http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1…

15 Oct 1668: a new issue of the London Gazette has hit the Royal Exchange at Gresham College and coffee houses nearby
https://www.thegazette.co.uk/Lond…
He also has recorded buying "news books" at the Exchange.
The Gazette, p. 1, this day brought news from a world transfigured:many times since then---
- Candia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King…
- Zante http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaky…
- Standia http://www.ebay.com/itm/ANTIQUE-M…...
- Morea http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morea

In 1668 these are "overseas colonies" of Venice in the eastern Mediterranean :
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wiki…

San Diego Sarah on 10 Jan 2021  •  Link

John Werdon (1640-1716) came from a minor family in Cheshire, but his father, Col. Robert Werdon MP was a favored Groom of the Bedchamber to James, Duke of York, so young John found himself placed as a Secretary of embassy to Spain and Portugal 1667-8, 1669-70.

Col. Robert has a Pepys encyclopedia page
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…

John Werden was elected MP for Reigate in January 1672, and made the Secretary of the Admiralty 1672-1673, despite having zero naval experience. He was created 1st Bart. on 28 November, 1672 having messed up the Navy during the third Anglo-Dutch War, including angering Prince Rupert.

Fortunately for the Navy, Sir John Werden resigned to become secretary to James, Duke of York in 1673 when he refused to take the Test Act Oath and had to resign all his offices .... making room for Samuel Pepys, Esq. to come into the position from which to transform the Navy into the fighting force that launched the Empire.

But for now John Werden is a secretary reporting to Sandwich from Madrid.

For more on his favored career, see
https://www.historyofparliamenton…

San Diego Sarah on 10 Jan 2021  •  Link

Queen Mariana of Austria has a Pepys encyclopedia page. I entered a book review last year, but if anyone has better info. about what exactly was happening in Spain in the Diary years, please update her entry.
John Werden indicates it was stressful in January 1668.
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…

San Diego Sarah on 10 Jan 2021  •  Link

'Reports the complaint which he has received from the Consul of Cadiz "of his confinement", contrary to stipulation in the recent Treaty. The Dutch & Hanseatic Consuls are, he adds, in the same condition.'

Sadly Terry's link to the Bodlein library is dead, so I am using Wikipedia for an idea on what's going on in Spain:
"The Treaty of Lisbon of 1668 was a peace treaty between Portugal and Spain that was concluded at Lisbon on 13 February 1668 with the mediation of England in which Spain recognized the sovereignty of Portugal's new ruling House of Braganza.
"The Queen Regent of Spain, Mariana of Austria, widow of Philip IV, acting in the name of her son, Carlos II, oversaw negotiations for Spain.
"The prince-regent Pedro, future Peter II of Portugal, in the name of his incapacitated brother, Afonso VI, represented Portugal.
"The peace was mediated by Charles II's Ambassador, the Earl of Sandwich."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tre…

and
"The Treaty of Madrid, AKA The Earl of Sandwich's Treaty, was signed on 23 May, 1667 by England and Spain. It was one of a series of agreements made in response to Louis XIV's French expansion.
"The parties agreed commercial terms allowing English merchants trading privileges within the Spanish Empire, which remained in place until superseded by the Treaty of Utrecht in 1714.
"They agreed not to assist each other's enemies, and England also agreed to mediate an end to the 1640 to 1668 Portuguese Restoration War; this resulted in the 1668 Treaty of Lisbon between Spain and Portugal."

and
"The costs of the Portuguese Restoration War, and the War of Devolution with France, forced the Crown [of Spain] to declare bankruptcy in 1662 and 1666, making reductions in expenditure urgent.
"The 1668 treaties of Aix-la-Chapelle and Lisbon ended the war with France, and accepted Portuguese independence."

and

San Diego Sarah on 10 Jan 2021  •  Link

PART 2

"Economic historian Guillermo Pérez Sarrión claims the 1667 treaty demonstrates 'England's absolute dominance of Anglo-Spanish trade'.
One London merchant later described it as ‘the best flower in our garden'; English goods were imported through Cadiz, then sold locally or re-exported to the colonies, Spanish dye and wool going the other way.
"... English trade was predominantly maritime, within the vast Spanish Empire, and much harder to control; the treaty permitted ships' captains to decide what was listed on their manifest as 'English'.
"This allowed English merchants to evade customs duties, demand from Spanish colonists creating a large and extremely profitable black market. ...
"The question of Spanish possessions in the West Indies captured by England ... was settled in the 1670 Treaty of Madrid."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tre…

Charles II ordered Sandwich to Madrid at the end of 1667; he has reached Talaveruela [Talaveruela de la Vera, a municipality of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain] so he's on his way.

Spain was a closed society. The Inquisition was still holding Auto de Fe's. I see why they locked up the Protestant Dutch and Hanseatic Consuls, but a Catholic from Cadiz?
Maybe it was quarantine (a thought which would never have occurred to me before this year).

Harry R on 10 Jan 2021  •  Link

Referring to some old and well aired annotations:

"John Evelyn's Diary - 9th January, 1668. Went to see the revels at the Middle Temple, which is also an old riotous custom, and has relation neither to virtue nor policy."

The Middle Temple Revels continue to this day, what would Evelyn make of that? https://www.middletemple.org.uk/c…

And regarding the availability of news and general awareness of who was the current Pope etc it surprised me in yesterday's diary that Sam didn't spell Prynne's name correctly.

Stephane Chenard on 10 Jan 2021  •  Link

No newspapers in 1668? Surely by now we are convinced otherwise, and the debates of a decade past are long put to rest, but allow me to quote the wisdom imparted on 24 August 1667, ironically to Gazette co-founder and intelligence coordinator Joseph Williamson, by a "J. Cooper" from the humble village of Thurgarton (population in 2011: 440) - as summarized in the State Papers:

-- "Thanks him for suppressing the newsmonger at Nottingham, as they go about their business better for it; if he suppressed all Muddiman's papers [i.e., the Gazette] to the post-masters, it would be a good service, the itch of news being grown a disease" [State Papers Domestic Series, volume 7, digitized at https://books.google.ht/books?id=…, page 415].

Some postmasters, who dispatch the gazettes, have also begun to complain that their sheer weight and number is exceeding what they can handle without more resources. So yes, the newsletters get around and get the people's attention, in Thurgarton perhaps to the point of distraction.

Whether they reach the lower classes may be hard to tell but, closer perhaps to present company's interests, the Gazette often comes across as a communication platform for seamen in particular, or at least for officers. Apart from a multitude of news items on ships arriving or departing with this or that cargo, advertisements have lately been instructive. In late 1667, several issues ended with notice of a relocated lighthouse, advising care around "the place called Black Middings" on the approach to Newcastle.

And the Gazette currently circulating in the taverns, No. 223 of January 2-6, ends with a long notice - half a column, a lot for a 4-column newsletter - on how hundreds of thousands of pounds are coming "towards the payment of Officers and Seamen as follows". The notice is too long to reproduce, but seems designed to keep unpaid seamen from throwing stones at Sam's new windows. Read it at https://www.thegazette.co.uk/Lond…

Stephane Chenard on 10 Jan 2021  •  Link

Sam is also about to receive a report, penned this day at Portsmouth by "St. John Steventon", a detailed report on "the muster of the Cambridge", a timber carrier. Yawn (read the summary if you must, at url.at/ayAB6, page 162), but we find it interesting that the bulky envelope contains (copies of) the ship's muster books. Apart from confirming that the Age of Bureaucratic Centralization is indeed upon us, it shows Sam, much preoccupied so far with masts and hemp and rather the Boatswain General, also dealing with personnel matters. In organizations this tends to be a more senior task than buying supplies, though maybe in 1668 people are not "our greatest asset" yet, and seamen are more like "supplies that walk" (or drink). But, as a minimum, it's more work. Lots and lots of additional work, even if Sam just routes the stuff to others. Just the books for this humble little bulk carrier are 12 pages; and they must change all the time, as seamen move in, out, get married, poxed, transferred, dead, etc, etc, etc.

San Diego Sarah on 10 Jan 2021  •  Link

Thanks, Stephane, again.
I have marveled in the past at how fast The Rev. Ralph Josselin gets his news in the wilds of Essex.
I knew the Gazette went to government officials around the country and to other royal courts, ambassadors and envoys, but had failed to think of the role of the expanded Post Office circulating it to every village in the nation.
To the manor house, to the rector, or to the pub is the question now -- or maybe all 3?
No wonder the Post Office is complaining.

San Diego Sarah on 10 Jan 2021  •  Link

"Sam didn't spell Prynne's name correctly."

At least Pepys is consistent in not spelling it how we do today. Instead he gives us an idea of how it was pronounced in 1668: Prin.

San Diego Sarah on 18 Jan 2021  •  Link

Jan. 9. 1668
Westminster.
Patent authorizing a collection to be made in all churches and chapels for two years, for the redemption of English subjects, captives in miserable slavery in Algiers, Sally, and other parts the Turkish dominions,
and appointing Sir Andrew Riccard, governor of the East India Company, and Sir John Frederic, alderman of London, to receive the moneys collected, and dispose of them for the said purpose.
Endorsed with a note that 5l. was collected at Dover on this brief, 22 Aug. 1669, at a private meeting, and paid to John Bodham.
[Printed. S.P. Dom., Car. II. 232, No. 72.]

https://www.british-history.ac.uk…

This was a project pursued by Sir William Coventry throughout his life. He might be on rocky political ground, but still doing the right thing behind the scenes.

San Diego Sarah on 6 Apr 2021  •  Link

"Sadly Terry's link to the Bodlein library is dead" ... but there's a new service called The Wayback Archives, and sure enough they have captured Terry's page.

https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…

(I suspect it's available with a new link, but I can't figure it out -- yet!)