‘deal, n.1 < Germanic . . . . 4. a deal is used pregnantly for a good or great deal, etc.; an undefined, but considerable or large quantity (rarely number); a ‘lot’. colloq. . . a1616 Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. i. 143 O what a deale of scorne, lookes beautifull? In the contempt and anger of his lip. . . 1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxii. 56 He and Mrs. Jervis had a deal of Talk, as she told me . . ‘
Re: ‘ . . a pleasant French fricassee of veal . . ’
‘fricassee, n. < French 1. Meat sliced and fried or stewed and served with sauce. Now usually a ragout (highly seasoned stew) of small animals or birds cut in pieces. . . 1656 Perfect Eng. Cooke 3 To make a Fregacy of Lamb or Veal. 1677 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Persian Trav. iii. i. 101 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. (1678) Little Birds..of which we caught enow to make a lusty Fricassie .. .
2. (See quot. 1611.) Obs. rare—1. . . [1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Fricassee,.. a kind of charge for a Morter, or murdering peece, of stones, bullets, nailes, and peeces of old yron closed together with grease, and gun~powder.]
3. A kind of dance: see quot. 1775. Obs. rare—1. 1775 Mrs. Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 294 A new dance at the Festino, called the Fricasée..begins with an affront, then they fight and fire pistols, then they are reconciled, embrace, and so ends the dance.’
Re: ‘ . . a pleasant French fricassee of veal . . ’
‘fricassee, n. < French 1. Meat sliced and fried or stewed and served with sauce. Now usually a ragout (highly seasoned stew) of small animals or birds cut in pieces. . . 1656 Perfect Eng. Cooke 3 To make a Fregacy of Lamb or Veal. 1677 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Persian Trav. iii. i. 101 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. (1678) Little Birds..of which we caught enow to make a lusty Fricassie .. .
2. (See quot. 1611.) Obs. rare—1. . . [1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Fricassee,.. a kind of charge for a Morter, or murdering peece, of stones, bullets, nailes, and peeces of old yron closed together with grease, and gun~powder.]
3. A kind of dance: see quot. 1775. Obs. rare—1. 1775 Mrs. Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 294 A new dance at the Festino, called the Fricasée..begins with an affront, then they fight and fire pistols, then they are reconciled, embrace, and so ends the dance.’
‘poop, n.1 < Middle French . . 1. a. The aftermost part of a ship; the stern; the aftermost and highest deck often forming (esp. in a wooden ship) the roof of a cabin in the stern.
. . poop lantern n. a lantern carried at the stern of a ship to serve as a signal at night. . . 1651 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 87. 1328 They..have shot most of all our Riggins to peeces,..and shot all the Caben and Stern, and the poope Lanthorn also. 1698 E. Ward London Spy I. ii. 9 The Brawny Topers..began..to forsake the Tavern, and Stagger, haulking, after a Poop-Lanthorn, to their own House . . ‘ ………… Re: ‘ . . the contract with the platerer . . ’
‘platerer, n. Obs. rare. A person employed in the application of metal plate or plates; one who manufactures metal plates. 1664 S. Pepys Diary 8 Apr. (1971) V. 117 What I have done in the contract with the platerer. 1877 Times 6 Apr. 13/1 (advt.) Iron platerer's wares, black ironmongery, ironmonger's sundries.’ ………… (OED)
‘Hypocras Obs. exc. Hist. or arch. 1. A cordial drink made of wine flavoured with spices, formerly much in vogue. …………. Re: ‘ . . by the help of Mithrydate . . ‘
‘Mithrydate < Mithridātēs, king of Pontus (died c 63 b.c.), who was said to have rendered himself proof against poisons by the constant use of antidotes 1. a. Any of various medicinal preparations, usually in the form of an electuary (= paste) compounded of many ingredients, believed to be a universal antidote to poison or a panacea. Now hist. . . 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. xxxiii. 495 Some make a soueraigne mithridate against the plague..with two old walnuts, three figges [etc.]. 1686 T. D'Urfey Common-wealth of Women v. ii. 47 Fools may talk of Mythridate, Cordials, Elixers . . …………. (OED)
‘smell, v. < Early Middle English . . . . 2. a. To perceive as if by smell; esp. to detect, discern, or discover by natural shrewdness, sagacity, or instinct; to suspect, to have an inkling of, to divine. . . 1668 S. Pepys Diary 30 Aug. (1976) IX. 295 Lord Brouncker, who I perceive, and the rest, doth smell that it came from me, but dare not find fault with it . . ‘ ……….. Re: ‘ . . he had been serviceable to my brother . . ’ ‘serviceable, adj. < Old French . . . . 3. a. Of persons: Profitable, useful. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 280 A dead man is often more serviceable to the living, than the living themselves . . ‘
‘high-spirited, adj. . . 1. Originally: having or exhibiting great courage or spirit; stout-hearted, brave. Later: full of energy; lively (and difficult to control); cheerfully vivacious. . . 1660 Milton Readie Way Free Commonw. 17 Of all governments a Commonwealth aims most to make the people flourishing, vertuous, noble and high spirited. a1722 J. Toland Atilins Regulus in Coll. Pieces (1726) II. 35 Being a high-spirited and proud man, he broke his heart for the sudden and unusual disgrace . . ‘
Re: ‘ . . minds his carding . . ‘ ‘carding, n.2 < . . Greek χάρτης . . . . 1654 J. Trapp Comm. Job xxxi. 22 In Carding and Dicing he had often wished himself hanged if it were not so and so . . ‘ …………… Re: ‘ . . to come and be at my house a week now and then. . .’
‘now, adv., < Germanic . . . . P.4 . . b. now and (also †or) then: occasionally, intermittently, at intervals. . . 1623 N. Byfield Expos. Epist. Coloss. ii. v. 16 Tis not enough to doe good now or then, by flashes. . . 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 130. ¶3 These Gypsies now and then foretold very strange things . .
c. Similarly ‘every now and then’ (also ‘ . . again’).
1684 E. Ravenscroft Dame Dobson iv. ii. 45 Every now and then fancying a Noise, she'd say—Oh we are undone! 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 326. ¶2, I shall every now and then have a saucy Rascal ride by reconnoitring (as I think you call it) under my windows . . ‘
Re: ’ . . getting underhand the merchants to bring in their complaints to the Parliament . .’
‘underˈhand, adv. < Middle Dutch . .
. . 3. In a secret, covert, or stealthy manner; by secret means; quietly or unobtrusively. Common from c1580 . . . .1654 T. Gataker Disc. Apol. 44 Being underhand backed and fed with money by two Tenants. . . 1733 D. Neal Hist. Puritans II. 605 His Majesty was underhand preparing for war . . ‘
Re: ‘ . . Lay long in bed wrangling with my wife . .’
‘wrangle, v. < Old Germanic . . 1. a. intr. To dispute angrily; to argue noisily or vehemently; to altercate, contend; to bicker.
. . b. Const. about, against, anent, over, and esp. with (a person). . . 1650 tr. J. A. Comenius Janua Linguarum Reserata §795 They wrangle anent..that universal and present remedie, whether it bee to bee had or no. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 202 Quarrelling and wrangling about their Wealth . . ‘ ………… Re: ‘ . . Thence walked through the ducking-pond fields . . ‘
‘ducking-pond, n. . . a. A pond on which ducks may be hunted or shot. . . 1664 S. Pepys Diary 27 Mar. (1971) V. 101 Thence walked through the ducking-pond fields . .
. . b. A pond for the ducking of offenders. (The senses cannot always be discriminated.)
1625 Sess. Bk. Middlesex in Jrnl. Chester Archæol. Soc. (1861) 6 224 The inhabitants of the parishe of St. James, Clerkenwell, shall erect and place a Cocqueane-Stoole on the side of the ducking ponde . .’ ......... Re: ‘ . . I have purchased this year a close cost 28li. . . ’
‘close, n.1 < French . . . . 2. In many senses more or less specific: as, An enclosed field (now chiefly local, in the English midlands) . . . . 1712 J. Arbuthnot John Bull Still in Senses vi. 24 We measur'd the Corn Fields Close by Close . . ’ ………….‘ (OED)
Re: ‘ . . to hang up a Presbyter John (a short coat and a long gowne interchangeably) in all the Courts of England."’
‘Presbyter John n. a mythical Christian priest and king; = Prester John n. . . 1661 S. Morgan Sphere of Gentry iii. vii. 68 Chichester beareth Saphyre, a Prester John or Presbyter John sitting on a tomb-stone, having in his left hand a Mound, and his right hand extended Topaz with a linnen Miter on his head . .
Prester John, n. . . < Anglo-Norman .. . Prester John was first mentioned in the 12th cent. as ruling in a remote region of the East . . The growth and popularity of the story was probably due to a hope that a Christian power in the East might offer assistance in the Crusades . . In the late Middle Ages . . legend transferred Prester John's realm to Ethiopia, and when contact was established with the actual Christian kingdom there the name Prester John was commonly applied by Europeans to the Emperor of Ethiopia. There is no historical evidence to explain the origin of the name . . 1. a. (The name of) an oriental Christian king of medieval legend, originally believed to rule over a territory in the East, beyond Armenia and Persia, but from later generally represented as the King of Ethiopia. . . 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 130 The great Christian of Æthiopia, vulgarly cald Prester, Precious, or Priest-Iohn. 1678 S. Butler Ladies Answer to Knight in Hudibras: Third Pt. 279 Like the Mighty Prester Jahn Whose Person, none dare's look upon . . ‘
‘pioneer, n. and adj. < Middle French . . A. n. 1. Mil. a. A member of an infantry group going with or ahead of an army or regiment to dig trenches, repair roads, and clear terrain . . . . 1675 Connecticut Rec. II. 394 If any shall negligently loose or sinfully play away their armes at cardes or dice, or otherwayes, they shall be kept as pioneers or scavengers till they furnish themselues with good armes . .
b. A person employed as a digger or excavator; a miner, a quarrier. Obs. . . ‘ ………….. Re: ‘ . . the story of Severus was pretty . .’
‘pretty ad. < Germanic . . A. adj. 1 . . b. Cleverly or elegantly made or done; ingenious, artful, well-conceived. . . 1671 tr. J. de Palafox Conq. China vi. 119 The King..at last thought of a very pretty way to suppress him, and this was by a stratagem. ………………. Re: ‘ . . in praise of his owne lenity . . ’
‘lenity, n. < Old French . . Mildness, gentleness, mercifulness (in disposition or behaviour) . . 1692 E. Walker tr. Epictetus Enchiridion (1737) xvi, If I indulge, and not chastise my Boy, My Lenity his Morals may destroy . . ‘
‘finely, adv. . . 5. With reference to action, speech, etc.: with subtlety or delicacy. Also: in a refined manner; elegantly. . . 1710 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1886) II. 369 In ye City of Rome they spoke more finely..than in Provinces . . ‘
‘6. a. In a manner that elicits admiration; admirably; excellently. . . 1661 S. Pepys Diary 19 May (1970) II. 103 Captain Cooke, Mr. Gibbons, and others of the King's Musique were come to present my Lord with some songs and Symphonys, which were performed very finely . . ‘
and:
‘ . . b. ironically. Cf. fine adj. 7c. . . 1694 R. South 12 Serm. II. 613, I doubt not but you will find that Kingdom..finely governed in a short time . . ‘
Re: ‘ . . our little bitch, which is proud at this time, . .’
‘proud, adj., < Old French . . . . 7. a. Of a female animal, esp. a bitch: undergoing oestrus; in heat. Now regional. . . 1686 R. Blome Gentlemans Recreation iii. iii. 69/2 You should be very careful to get good Dogs, for your Bitches at their first growing Proud. . . 1982 Dict. Newfoundland Eng. 393/2 Proud, of a bitch, in heat [citing field research by D. Bartlett of Green Bay in 1973].’ ………….. Re: ‘ . . she was helping him to line her . . ’
‘line, v.3 < French . . trans. Of a dog, wolf, etc.: To copulate with, to cover. . . 1687 Dryden Hind & Panther i. 11 These last deduce him from th' Helvetian kind Who near the Leman lake his Consort lin'd . . ‘
The Little Ice Age (LIA): ‘A cold period that lasted from about A.D. 1550 to about A.D. 1850 in Europe, North America, and Asia . . There were three (cold) maxima, beginning about 1650, about 1770, and 1850, each separated by slight warming intervals.’
Re: ‘ . . I will remember his carriage to me in this particular . . ‘
'carriage, n. < Old Northern French . . . . 14. b. Manner of acting to or towards others; treatment of others. arch. . . 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica (1686) i. x. 30 Who can but laugh at the carriage of Ammon unto Alexander? 1679 R. South Serm. Several Occasions 36 We have treated of mens carriage to Christ in this world . . ‘
‘ . . Her mother intending that she become a nun, Elizabeth was briefly placed in the city's Ursuline convent before she and Balty were removed to London by their father . . Her peripatetic upbringing may have instilled in Elizabeth the independent, mature, and determined spirit, as well as the ambivalent opinion towards Catholicism, that characterized her adult life.
. . At previous moments of crisis Elizabeth had expressed a desire to die in the Roman Catholic faith, though when the moment came (in 1669) Samuel chose an Anglican minister to offer the sacrament. Pepys had previously expressed concern about Elizabeth's possible Catholic sympathies (29 November and 6 December 1668), and in 1673 he was himself accused of Catholicism and of ‘breaking his wife's heart, because she would not turn Papist’.
Following the accusation, Balty reassured his brother-in-law that, whatever ‘thoughts, shee might in her more tender yeares have had of Popery’, he was satisfied ‘that you kept my Dear sister in the true protestant Religion till her Death’. Balty's letter also provides a rare if uncorroborated example of Elizabeth's own reported speech in a life otherwise recorded entirely in Pepys's voice. While admitting that she had been mistaken in her childhood, she is said to have told her brother, ‘I have now a man to my husbande soe wise, and one so religious in the Protestant religion … to ever suffer my thought to bende that way any more’ . . ‘
Please - no more spoilers! The pleasure of reading the diary as a blog is that it lets the story unfold day by day just as it did to Sam. We are kept in suspense as to whether and for how long they ‘lived happily ever after’.
So readers do not want those who came before showing off their knowledge of what happens in the future - thank you. Those who can’t wait to find out what happens may go to http://www.pepysdiary.com/encyclo… and can if they wish add their penny-worth to the an encyclopedia entry such as http://www.pepysdiary.com/encyclo… for Elizabeth.
‘satisfaction, n. < French . . ’ The action of satisfying; the state or fact of being satisfied. I. With reference to obligations. 1. a. . . the atoning for (rarely †of) an injury, offence, or fault by reparation, compensation, or the endurance of punishment. Also quasi-concr., the pecuniary or other gift or penalty, or the act, by which . . an offence is atoned for. . . 1604 Shakespeare Hamlet iv. v. 207 If by direct, or by colaturall hand They find vs toucht, we will our kingdome giue,..and all that we call ours To you in satisfaction . . 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 153 The Captain..promised to have the Fellows punished, and Satisfaction to be made . .
. . 4. a. The opportunity of satisfying one's honour by a duel; the acceptance of a challenge to a duel from the person who deems himself insulted or injured. Chiefly in phrases, to give, demand satisfaction. . . 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 25. ⁋5 It is called Giving a Man Satisfaction, to urge your Offence against him with your Sword.
(Not applicable to this case as poor Tom was no gentleman - Sam’s claim to gentry status was no doubt mocked by many and certainly did not extend to his tradesman brother) ……………...
‘puppy, n. < Middle French . . . . 2. a. colloq. (freq. derogatory). A foolish, conceited, or impertinent young man; (also) a young person, esp. one who is inexperienced or naive. In later use often somewhat arch. . . 1655 J. Howell 4th Vol. Familiar Lett. vii. 19 That opinion of a poor shallow-brain'd puppy, who [etc.]. 1710 Swift Jrnl. to Stella 14 Nov. (1948) I. 96 Sir Richard Cox, they say, is sure of going over lord chancellor, who is as arrant a puppy as ever eat bread . .’ ……………... Re: ‘ . . a piece for his fee . . ’
‘piece, n. < Anglo-Norman . . . .16. c. Any of various English gold coins current in different periods; spec. (a) the unite of James I; (b) a sovereign; (c) a guinea. See also broad-piece n. Obs. . . 1660 S. Pepys Diary 14 Mar. (1970) I. 86 Here I got half a piece of a person of Mr. Wrights recommending to my Lord to be preacher in the Speaker frigate. 1706 R. Estcourt Fair Example iii. i. 34 Fifty Pieces are 50 Pound, 50 Shillings, and 50 Six-pences: I know what they are well enough, and you too . . ‘ ……………... Re: ‘ . . he beginning . . to rattle . .’
‘rattle, v.1 < Probably ultimately of imitative origin. . . 2. intr. a. To produce an involuntary rattling noise, esp. in the throat when speaking or breathing . . Now rare. . . 1619 E. Bert Approved Treat. Hawkes (1890) 86 Vpon any bate she [sc. the hawk] wil heaue and blow, and rattle in the throat. . . 1753 N. Torriano tr. J. B. L. Chomel Hist. Diss. Gangrenous Sore Throat 5 Her Voice was much interrupted, and she rattled..in her Breath . . ‘ ……………... Re: ‘ . . the poor wretch lying with his chops fallen . . ’
‘chop, n.2 < Another form of chap n.2; and the more usual one in several senses . . . . 1. b. usually pl. Jaws; sides of the face. . . 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 124 The muscles of the choppes. 1621 J. Fletcher et al. Trag. of Thierry & Theodoret iii. i. sig. F4, He..layes mee ouer the chops with his clubfist. . . 1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness (E.D.S.) Chops, the jaws. ‘Ah'll slap thy chops fo' tha'’.’ ……………...
Comments
Second Reading
About Wednesday 13 April 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . what a deale he hath!!’
‘deal, n.1 < Germanic . .
. . 4. a deal is used pregnantly for a good or great deal, etc.; an undefined, but considerable or large quantity (rarely number); a ‘lot’. colloq.
. . a1616 Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. i. 143 O what a deale of scorne, lookes beautifull? In the contempt and anger of his lip.
. . 1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxii. 56 He and Mrs. Jervis had a deal of Talk, as she told me . . ‘
About Thursday 7 April 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . a pleasant French fricassee of veal . . ’
‘fricassee, n. < French
1. Meat sliced and fried or stewed and served with sauce. Now usually a ragout (highly seasoned stew) of small animals or birds cut in pieces.
. . 1656 Perfect Eng. Cooke 3 To make a Fregacy of Lamb or Veal.
1677 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Persian Trav. iii. i. 101 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. (1678) Little Birds..of which we caught enow to make a lusty Fricassie .. .
2. (See quot. 1611.) Obs. rare—1.
. . [1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Fricassee,.. a kind of charge for a Morter, or murdering peece, of stones, bullets, nailes, and peeces of old yron closed together with grease, and gun~powder.]
3. A kind of dance: see quot. 1775. Obs. rare—1.
1775 Mrs. Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 294 A new dance at the Festino, called the Fricasée..begins with an affront, then they fight and fire pistols, then they are reconciled, embrace, and so ends the dance.’
About Thursday 7 April 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . a pleasant French fricassee of veal . . ’
‘fricassee, n. < French
1. Meat sliced and fried or stewed and served with sauce. Now usually a ragout (highly seasoned stew) of small animals or birds cut in pieces.
. . 1656 Perfect Eng. Cooke 3 To make a Fregacy of Lamb or Veal.
1677 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Persian Trav. iii. i. 101 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. (1678) Little Birds..of which we caught enow to make a lusty Fricassie .. .
2. (See quot. 1611.) Obs. rare—1.
. . [1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Fricassee,.. a kind of charge for a Morter, or murdering peece, of stones, bullets, nailes, and peeces of old yron closed together with grease, and gun~powder.]
3. A kind of dance: see quot. 1775. Obs. rare—1.
1775 Mrs. Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 294 A new dance at the Festino, called the Fricasée..begins with an affront, then they fight and fire pistols, then they are reconciled, embrace, and so ends the dance.’
About Friday 8 April 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . the business of the poop lanterns, . .’
‘poop, n.1 < Middle French . .
1. a. The aftermost part of a ship; the stern; the aftermost and highest deck often forming (esp. in a wooden ship) the roof of a cabin in the stern.
. . poop lantern n. a lantern carried at the stern of a ship to serve as a signal at night.
. . 1651 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 87. 1328 They..have shot most of all our Riggins to peeces,..and shot all the Caben and Stern, and the poope Lanthorn also.
1698 E. Ward London Spy I. ii. 9 The Brawny Topers..began..to forsake the Tavern, and Stagger, haulking, after a Poop-Lanthorn, to their own House . . ‘
…………
Re: ‘ . . the contract with the platerer . . ’
‘platerer, n. Obs. rare. A person employed in the application of metal plate or plates; one who manufactures metal plates.
1664 S. Pepys Diary 8 Apr. (1971) V. 117 What I have done in the contract with the platerer.
1877 Times 6 Apr. 13/1 (advt.) Iron platerer's wares, black ironmongery, ironmonger's sundries.’
…………
(OED)
About Saturday 9 April 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . a glass or two of Hypocras . . ‘
‘Hypocras Obs. exc. Hist. or arch.
1. A cordial drink made of wine flavoured with spices, formerly much in vogue.
………….
Re: ‘ . . by the help of Mithrydate . . ‘
‘Mithrydate < Mithridātēs, king of Pontus (died c 63 b.c.), who was said to have rendered himself proof against poisons by the constant use of antidotes
1. a. Any of various medicinal preparations, usually in the form of an electuary (= paste) compounded of many ingredients, believed to be a universal antidote to poison or a panacea. Now hist.
. . 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. xxxiii. 495 Some make a soueraigne mithridate against the plague..with two old walnuts, three figges [etc.].
1686 T. D'Urfey Common-wealth of Women v. ii. 47 Fools may talk of Mythridate, Cordials, Elixers . .
………….
(OED)
About Wednesday 6 April 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . I smelling the business, . . ’
‘smell, v. < Early Middle English . .
. . 2. a. To perceive as if by smell; esp. to detect, discern, or discover by natural shrewdness, sagacity, or instinct; to suspect, to have an inkling of, to divine.
. . 1668 S. Pepys Diary 30 Aug. (1976) IX. 295 Lord Brouncker, who I perceive, and the rest, doth smell that it came from me, but dare not find fault with it . . ‘
………..
Re: ‘ . . he had been serviceable to my brother . . ’
‘serviceable, adj. < Old French . .
. . 3. a. Of persons: Profitable, useful.
1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 280 A dead man is often more serviceable to the living, than the living themselves . . ‘
……….
(OED)
About Monday 4 April 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . But she . . is . . very high-spirited.’
‘high-spirited, adj. . .
1. Originally: having or exhibiting great courage or spirit; stout-hearted, brave. Later: full of energy; lively (and difficult to control); cheerfully vivacious.
. . 1660 Milton Readie Way Free Commonw. 17 Of all governments a Commonwealth aims most to make the people flourishing, vertuous, noble and high spirited.
a1722 J. Toland Atilins Regulus in Coll. Pieces (1726) II. 35 Being a high-spirited and proud man, he broke his heart for the sudden and unusual disgrace . . ‘
(OED)
About Friday 1 April 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . minds his carding . . ‘
‘carding, n.2 < . . Greek χάρτης . .
. . 1654 J. Trapp Comm. Job xxxi. 22 In Carding and Dicing he had often wished himself hanged if it were not so and so . . ‘
……………
Re: ‘ . . to come and be at my house a week now and then. . .’
‘now, adv., < Germanic . .
. . P.4 . . b. now and (also †or) then: occasionally, intermittently, at intervals.
. . 1623 N. Byfield Expos. Epist. Coloss. ii. v. 16 Tis not enough to doe good now or then, by flashes.
. . 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 130. ¶3 These Gypsies now and then foretold very strange things . .
c. Similarly ‘every now and then’ (also ‘ . . again’).
1684 E. Ravenscroft Dame Dobson iv. ii. 45 Every now and then fancying a Noise, she'd say—Oh we are undone!
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 326. ¶2, I shall every now and then have a saucy Rascal ride by reconnoitring (as I think you call it) under my windows . . ‘
Nowadays only used in sense c.
……………
(OED)
About Wednesday 30 March 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ’ . . getting underhand the merchants to bring in their complaints to the Parliament . .’
‘underˈhand, adv. < Middle Dutch . .
. . 3. In a secret, covert, or stealthy manner; by secret means; quietly or unobtrusively.
Common from c1580 . .
. .1654 T. Gataker Disc. Apol. 44 Being underhand backed and fed with money by two Tenants.
. . 1733 D. Neal Hist. Puritans II. 605 His Majesty was underhand preparing for war . . ‘
About Sunday 27 March 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . Lay long in bed wrangling with my wife . .’
‘wrangle, v. < Old Germanic . .
1. a. intr. To dispute angrily; to argue noisily or vehemently; to altercate, contend; to bicker.
. . b. Const. about, against, anent, over, and esp. with (a person).
. . 1650 tr. J. A. Comenius Janua Linguarum Reserata §795 They wrangle anent..that universal and present remedie, whether it bee to bee had or no.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 202 Quarrelling and wrangling about their Wealth . . ‘
…………
Re: ‘ . . Thence walked through the ducking-pond fields . . ‘
‘ducking-pond, n. . .
a. A pond on which ducks may be hunted or shot.
. . 1664 S. Pepys Diary 27 Mar. (1971) V. 101 Thence walked through the ducking-pond fields . .
. . b. A pond for the ducking of offenders. (The senses cannot always be discriminated.)
1625 Sess. Bk. Middlesex in Jrnl. Chester Archæol. Soc. (1861) 6 224 The inhabitants of the parishe of St. James, Clerkenwell, shall erect and place a Cocqueane-Stoole on the side of the ducking ponde . .’
.........
Re: ‘ . . I have purchased this year a close cost 28li. . . ’
‘close, n.1 < French . .
. . 2. In many senses more or less specific: as, An enclosed field (now chiefly local, in the English midlands) . .
. . 1712 J. Arbuthnot John Bull Still in Senses vi. 24 We measur'd the Corn Fields Close by Close . . ’
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(OED)
About Friday 25 March 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . to hang up a Presbyter John (a short coat and a long gowne interchangeably) in all the Courts of England."’
‘Presbyter John n. a mythical Christian priest and king; = Prester John n.
. . 1661 S. Morgan Sphere of Gentry iii. vii. 68 Chichester beareth Saphyre, a Prester John or Presbyter John sitting on a tomb-stone, having in his left hand a Mound, and his right hand extended Topaz with a linnen Miter on his head . .
Prester John, n. . . < Anglo-Norman .. . Prester John was first mentioned in the 12th cent. as ruling in a remote region of the East . . The growth and popularity of the story was probably due to a hope that a Christian power in the East might offer assistance in the Crusades . . In the late Middle Ages . . legend transferred Prester John's realm to Ethiopia, and when contact was established with the actual Christian kingdom there the name Prester John was commonly applied by Europeans to the Emperor of Ethiopia. There is no historical evidence to explain the origin of the name . .
1. a. (The name of) an oriental Christian king of medieval legend, originally believed to rule over a territory in the East, beyond Armenia and Persia, but from later generally represented as the King of Ethiopia.
. . 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 130 The great Christian of Æthiopia, vulgarly cald Prester, Precious, or Priest-Iohn.
1678 S. Butler Ladies Answer to Knight in Hudibras: Third Pt. 279 Like the Mighty Prester Jahn Whose Person, none dare's look upon . . ‘
About Friday 25 March 1664
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ’ . . from a pyoneer . . ‘
‘pioneer, n. and adj. < Middle French . .
A. n. 1. Mil.
a. A member of an infantry group going with or ahead of an army or regiment to dig trenches, repair roads, and clear terrain . .
. . 1675 Connecticut Rec. II. 394 If any shall negligently loose or sinfully play away their armes at cardes or dice, or otherwayes, they shall be kept as pioneers or scavengers till they furnish themselues with good armes . .
b. A person employed as a digger or excavator; a miner, a quarrier. Obs. . . ‘
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Re: ‘ . . the story of Severus was pretty . .’
‘pretty ad. < Germanic . .
A. adj. 1 . . b. Cleverly or elegantly made or done; ingenious, artful, well-conceived.
. . 1671 tr. J. de Palafox Conq. China vi. 119 The King..at last thought of a very pretty way to suppress him, and this was by a stratagem.
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Re: ‘ . . in praise of his owne lenity . . ’
‘lenity, n. < Old French . . Mildness, gentleness, mercifulness (in disposition or behaviour) . .
1692 E. Walker tr. Epictetus Enchiridion (1737) xvi, If I indulge, and not chastise my Boy, My Lenity his Morals may destroy . . ‘
(OED)
About Thursday 24 March 1663/64
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . I walked very finely to Woolwich . . ’
This seems to be some mix of:
‘finely, adv. . .
5. With reference to action, speech, etc.: with subtlety or delicacy. Also: in a refined manner; elegantly.
. . 1710 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1886) II. 369 In ye City of Rome they spoke more finely..than in Provinces . . ‘
‘6. a. In a manner that elicits admiration; admirably; excellently.
. . 1661 S. Pepys Diary 19 May (1970) II. 103 Captain Cooke, Mr. Gibbons, and others of the King's Musique were come to present my Lord with some songs and Symphonys, which were performed very finely . . ‘
and:
‘ . . b. ironically. Cf. fine adj. 7c.
. . 1694 R. South 12 Serm. II. 613, I doubt not but you will find that Kingdom..finely governed in a short time . . ‘
(OED)
About Tuesday 22 March 1663/64
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . our little bitch, which is proud at this time, . .’
‘proud, adj., < Old French . .
. . 7. a. Of a female animal, esp. a bitch: undergoing oestrus; in heat. Now regional.
. . 1686 R. Blome Gentlemans Recreation iii. iii. 69/2 You should be very careful to get good Dogs, for your Bitches at their first growing Proud.
. . 1982 Dict. Newfoundland Eng. 393/2 Proud, of a bitch, in heat [citing field research by D. Bartlett of Green Bay in 1973].’
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Re: ‘ . . she was helping him to line her . . ’
‘line, v.3 < French . .
trans. Of a dog, wolf, etc.: To copulate with, to cover.
. . 1687 Dryden Hind & Panther i. 11 These last deduce him from th' Helvetian kind Who near the Leman lake his Consort lin'd . . ‘
(OED)
About Monday 21 March 1663/64
Chris Squire UK • Link
The Little Ice Age (LIA): ‘A cold period that lasted from about A.D. 1550 to about A.D. 1850 in Europe, North America, and Asia . . There were three (cold) maxima, beginning about 1650, about 1770, and 1850, each separated by slight warming intervals.’
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov…
About Monday 21 March 1663/64
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . I will remember his carriage to me in this particular . . ‘
'carriage, n. < Old Northern French . .
. . 14. b. Manner of acting to or towards others; treatment of others. arch.
. . 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica (1686) i. x. 30 Who can but laugh at the carriage of Ammon unto Alexander?
1679 R. South Serm. Several Occasions 36 We have treated of mens carriage to Christ in this world . . ‘
(OED)
About Elizabeth Pepys (wife, b. St Michel)
Chris Squire UK • Link
‘ . . Her mother intending that she become a nun, Elizabeth was briefly placed in the city's Ursuline convent before she and Balty were removed to London by their father . . Her peripatetic upbringing may have instilled in Elizabeth the independent, mature, and determined spirit, as well as the ambivalent opinion towards Catholicism, that characterized her adult life.
. . At previous moments of crisis Elizabeth had expressed a desire to die in the Roman Catholic faith, though when the moment came (in 1669) Samuel chose an Anglican minister to offer the sacrament. Pepys had previously expressed concern about Elizabeth's possible Catholic sympathies (29 November and 6 December 1668), and in 1673 he was himself accused of Catholicism and of ‘breaking his wife's heart, because she would not turn Papist’.
Following the accusation, Balty reassured his brother-in-law that, whatever ‘thoughts, shee might in her more tender yeares have had of Popery’, he was satisfied ‘that you kept my Dear sister in the true protestant Religion till her Death’. Balty's letter also provides a rare if uncorroborated example of Elizabeth's own reported speech in a life otherwise recorded entirely in Pepys's voice. While admitting that she had been mistaken in her childhood, she is said to have told her brother, ‘I have now a man to my husbande soe wise, and one so religious in the Protestant religion … to ever suffer my thought to bende that way any more’ . . ‘
(DNB http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/art…)
About Sunday 20 March 1663/64
Chris Squire UK • Link
Please - no more spoilers! The pleasure of reading the diary as a blog is that it lets the story unfold day by day just as it did to Sam. We are kept in suspense as to whether and for how long they ‘lived happily ever after’.
So readers do not want those who came before showing off their knowledge of what happens in the future - thank you. Those who can’t wait to find out what happens may go to http://www.pepysdiary.com/encyclo… and can if they wish add their penny-worth to the an encyclopedia entry such as http://www.pepysdiary.com/encyclo… for Elizabeth.
About Tuesday 15 March 1663/64
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . I would have satisfaction . . ’
‘satisfaction, n. < French . . ’ The action of satisfying; the state or fact of being satisfied.
I. With reference to obligations.
1. a. . . the atoning for (rarely †of) an injury, offence, or fault by reparation, compensation, or the endurance of punishment. Also quasi-concr., the pecuniary or other gift or penalty, or the act, by which . . an offence is atoned for.
. . 1604 Shakespeare Hamlet iv. v. 207 If by direct, or by colaturall hand They find vs toucht, we will our kingdome giue,..and all that we call ours To you in satisfaction
. . 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 153 The Captain..promised to have the Fellows punished, and Satisfaction to be made . .
. . 4. a. The opportunity of satisfying one's honour by a duel; the acceptance of a challenge to a duel from the person who deems himself insulted or injured. Chiefly in phrases, to give, demand satisfaction.
. . 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 25. ⁋5 It is called Giving a Man Satisfaction, to urge your Offence against him with your Sword.
(Not applicable to this case as poor Tom was no gentleman - Sam’s claim to gentry status was no doubt mocked by many and certainly did not extend to his tradesman brother)
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About Tuesday 15 March 1663/64
Chris Squire UK • Link
Re: ‘ . . Dr. Pepys, the puppy . . “
‘puppy, n. < Middle French . .
. . 2. a. colloq. (freq. derogatory). A foolish, conceited, or impertinent young man; (also) a young person, esp. one who is inexperienced or naive. In later use often somewhat arch.
. . 1655 J. Howell 4th Vol. Familiar Lett. vii. 19 That opinion of a poor shallow-brain'd puppy, who [etc.].
1710 Swift Jrnl. to Stella 14 Nov. (1948) I. 96 Sir Richard Cox, they say, is sure of going over lord chancellor, who is as arrant a puppy as ever eat bread . .’
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Re: ‘ . . a piece for his fee . . ’
‘piece, n. < Anglo-Norman . .
. .16. c. Any of various English gold coins current in different periods; spec. (a) the unite of James I; (b) a sovereign; (c) a guinea. See also broad-piece n. Obs.
. . 1660 S. Pepys Diary 14 Mar. (1970) I. 86 Here I got half a piece of a person of Mr. Wrights recommending to my Lord to be preacher in the Speaker frigate.
1706 R. Estcourt Fair Example iii. i. 34 Fifty Pieces are 50 Pound, 50 Shillings, and 50 Six-pences: I know what they are well enough, and you too . . ‘
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Re: ‘ . . he beginning . . to rattle . .’
‘rattle, v.1 < Probably ultimately of imitative origin.
. . 2. intr. a. To produce an involuntary rattling noise, esp. in the throat when speaking or breathing . . Now rare.
. . 1619 E. Bert Approved Treat. Hawkes (1890) 86 Vpon any bate she [sc. the hawk] wil heaue and blow, and rattle in the throat.
. . 1753 N. Torriano tr. J. B. L. Chomel Hist. Diss. Gangrenous Sore Throat 5 Her Voice was much interrupted, and she rattled..in her Breath . . ‘
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Re: ‘ . . the poor wretch lying with his chops fallen . . ’
‘chop, n.2 < Another form of chap n.2; and the more usual one in several senses . .
. . 1. b. usually pl. Jaws; sides of the face.
. . 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 124 The muscles of the choppes.
1621 J. Fletcher et al. Trag. of Thierry & Theodoret iii. i. sig. F4, He..layes mee ouer the chops with his clubfist.
. . 1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness (E.D.S.) Chops, the jaws. ‘Ah'll slap thy chops fo' tha'’.’
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