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San Diego Sarah has posted 9,751 annotations/comments since 6 August 2015.

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Second Reading

About Thursday 30 November 1665

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Mrs. Barbary -- this must be the Pepys' nickname for Barbara Sheldon Wood, who had been acting as Elizabeth's companion in Woolwich since Mary Mercer moved employment to Elizabeth Pepys Turner's establishment.

About Barbara Wood (b. Sheldon)

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Mrs. Barbary -- this must be the Pepys' nickname for Barbara Sheldon Wood, who had been acting as Elizabeth's companion in Woolwich since Mary Mercer moved employment to Elizabeth Pepys Turner's establishment. A rare case where L&M complicated the matter.

About House of office

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

The Guardian has an article today on -- well, you read it -- but the part that caught my interest was this:

"The recorded history of human defecation can be read as a series of attempts at differentiation: how do we separate our excrement from our bodies, our sewage from our homes and cities? How do we keep the sounds and smells of our bodily functions from infesting other people’s senses? How do we enforce social hierarchies by dividing the bodies of the powerful from the bodies of the oppressed?

"To these questions, the bathroom with its seated water closet, or flush toilet, was a surprisingly recent but remarkably potent answer. Although sit-down privies and latrines have existed at least since Egyptian antiquity, for almost all of history the vast majority of Homo sapiens defecated squatting, in the open. As the planet filled up and humans clustered together in cities over the second half of the previous millennium, open defecation became a scourge, leading to rising rates of diseases such as dysentery – still a major problem in parts of the world without modern sanitation.

"It’s generally held that the water closet was invented by an English nobleman at the end of the 16th century. But it wasn’t until the industrialisation of Britain’s potteries and ironworks in the mid-19th century that water closets ceased to be the preserve of the wealthy. As they spread to homes across northern Europe, toilets led to revolutions in sanitation, medicine, social relations and even psychology.

"With more and more people going to the bathroom at home and in private, defecation became a solitary and almost unspeakably vulgar act. Some wrongly believe that other people’s bowel movements elicit universal disgust. But as recently as the 16th century, a treatise on etiquette scolded well-to-do Europeans not to flaunt the stinking cloth with which one wipes one’s arse. For several hundred years, into the 18th century, English monarchs did their business in front of literal privy councils while enthroned upon an upholstered box containing a chamber pot. Indeed, “social defecation” has been observed across times and cultures. In the 1970s, the anthropologist Philippe Descola documented it among the previously uncontacted Achuar people in the Amazon; open-plan, ni-hao (“hello”) bathrooms are still common in many parts of China."

https://www.theguardian.com/news/…

About Edith Bell (aunt)

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Sadly the math is obviously "off" on this rendition. The link no longer works. Anyone know anything about aunt Bell?

About Wednesday 29 November 1665

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

"stolen prize goods" -- Have we seen this admission/accusation before?

That's why Howe is in the slammer.

Anyone who read the Prize Goods rules knew Sandwich and Evelyn were being very pragmatic liquidating the assets for the cash they so urgently needed for doctors, food, etc.

They thought all those letters and explanations to Monck and the Stuart Brothers had covered their behinds, but Oxford politics and greed have turned pragmatic problem solving into crimes.

About Friday 24 November 1665

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

"Lord! to see how I am treated, that come from so mean a beginning, is matter of wonder to me. But it is God’s great mercy to me, and His blessing upon my taking pains, and being punctual in my dealings."

I'm glad he is still humble enough to realize that. I wonder if he was wearing his hat at lunch today, to make his hosts feel comfortable? I doubt most people know of his humble origins, but they would know he was Sandwich's cousin, and known by the Duke of York and King. And that he made things happen.

About Sir Samuel Morland

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Samuel Morland is said to have invented a device to open mail, but this study on the ways to seal letters used during the 17th century makes me doubt this.
https://www.atlasobscura.com/arti…...

Some points in case the link dies:

Jana Dambrogio has been studying “letterlocking,” the systems of folds, slits, and wax seals that protected communication before the invention of the envelope. Mary, Queen of Scots used a “butterfly lock”, one of hundreds of techniques catalogued by Dambrogio and her collaborator Daniel Starza Smith in a dictionary of letterlocking.

Letters were folded to serve as their own envelope. Depending on the security level, you might opt for the simple, triangular fold and tuck; or you might need the dagger-trap, a booby-trapped technique disguised as a less secure type of lock.

Dambrogio first recognized locked letters in 2000 in the Vatican Secret Archives. Her fellowship involved legal and accounting records from the 10th - 17th centuries, which were virtually untouched. By the end of the first week she noticed slits, authentication marks, beautiful wax seals, cut-off corners, and folds in books, and in books of papers.

Initially there was no word for what she was doing: her term “letterlocking” was adopted in 2009.

Evidence of letterlocking is hard to recreate in 3-dimensional objects. Even if the folds have been erased by years of flat storage, patterns of discoloration offer clues to which portion of the letter was on the outside.

Sometimes they have damaged examples, then find another that’s damaged in a different way, so it supplies the missing evidence.

Sometimes evidence is delivered in one box. In 2012, Yale researcher Rebekah Ahrendt found a trunk of undelivered letters, including 600 that were unopened. Preserved by The Hague’s postmasters, they came from the end of the 17th century and included mail from musicians, merchants, aristocrats, and spies.

The contents will take years to examine, but they have found links between these letters and others they’ve studied. Queen Elizabeth’s and John Donne’s letters and the ones in the trunk show the evolution of a technology.

Elizabeth and her spymaster Sir Francis Walsingham used a “triangle lock,” a technique later used by others. How did they know the same techniques? Did certain locks imply something about the content of the letter?

John Donne used 5 letterlocking styles, and one of them was never used by anyone else. He was known as the most inventive and witty poet of his times, and used the most inventive, brilliant letterlocking method. That is evidence there was something personal in the way they sealed letters.

About Thursday 9 November 1665

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

StanB -- AWESOME! I think our Encyclopedia has a page for the Eikon Basilike, so please feel free to post there about your book so the details don't get lost. I hope you're using gloves when you touch it!!!

About Shadwell, Middlesex

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Shadwell Stair
.
I am the ghost of Shadwell Stair.
Along the wharves by the water-house,
And through the cavernous slaughter-house,
I am the shadow that walks there.
.
Yet I have flesh both firm and cool,
And eyes tumultuous as the gems
Of moons and lamps in the full Thames
When dusk sails wavering down the pool.
.
Shuddering the purple street-arc burns
Where I watch always; from the banks
Dolorously the shipping clanks
And after me a strange tide turns.
.
I walk till the stars of London wane
And dawn creeps up the Shadwell Stair.
But when the crowing syrens blare
I with another ghost am lain.

-- The author, Wilfred Owen, was killed in November 1918 but wrote this poem earlier that year.

About Saturday 4 November 1665

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

'"...it may be the plague; so I sent Mr. Hater and W. Hewer to speake with the mother...however, I was resolved myself to abstain coming thither for a while."

'The privelege of rank.'

I think Clement is being a bit unfair here: Not only is Pepys the ONLY remaining person in the Navy Board on any consistent basis, he has also assumed responsibility for feeding the Navy knowing there is no money to pay for the vittles, and unofficially volunteered to help Evelyn find money to care for the bulk of the injured seamen and POW's. If he becomes ill or dies, the Second Anglo-Dutch War is in great trouble.

About Monday 6 November 1665

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

'"... only vexed after dinner to stay too long for our coach."

'... Say, why not take some of that prize goods cash and buy a sleek little number of your own. '

While Pepys enjoys the good things in life, and saves a good proportion if he can figure out how, buying a coach would trigger conversation and speculation on how the Clerk of the Acts can possibly afford such a luxuary, and his empire would be exposed.

Then there is the nightmare of finding a place to keep your coach and horses. I suspect that would be as expensive as having a car in the City is today. [In San Francisco in 1980 my friend paid as much for off-street parking as her apartment cost -- I dread to think what it would cost today.] I think he wants the money on hand, not in feed and stable hand pay and rentals. I can't see him mucking out the stalls himself, can you?

About Nicholas Lanier (Master of the King's Musick)

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Nicholas Lanier travelled with Charles II during the interregnum. In March 1658 he was part of the entertainment at a very rare ball given by William Cavendish, Marquis of Newcastle:

"'The ball at my Lord Newcastle's was on Wednesday night, where the Duchess of Lorraine [Beatrix de Cusance, Comtesse de Cantecroix, Duchess of Lorraine], with her son and daughter, were, with the King and his brothers and sister,' wrote Sir Charles Cotterel.

"'M.B., and two or three Frenchmen were also there, and a little room was well filled with most of the English here, and some of the town. ... The King was brought in with loud music, and all being placed, Major Mohun, that was the player, in a black satin robe and garland of bays, spake a speech in verse, of his Lordship's own poetry, wherein as much was said of compliment to his Majesty as the highest hyperbole could possibly express. After that they danced for two hours, and then my Lady Moore [Viscountess Alice Spencer Moore of Drogheda], dressed all in feathers, came in and sung a song of the same author's, and set and taught by Nicholas Lanier. Then was the banquet brought in, in eight great chargers, each borne by two gentlemen belonging to the Court, wines and other drinks which being dispersed to all the Company, they danced again for two hours more, and Major Mohun, in the same habit, ended all with another speech by way of prophecy of his Majesty's establishment.'" 3

3 Flanders Papers, R. O., Cotterel to Nicholas, March 1, 1658; Walker to Nicholas, March 1, 1658.
from THE TRAVELS OF THE KING Charles II in Germany and Flanders 1654-1660
BY EVA SCOTT, AUTHOR OF 'THE KING IN EXILE'
LONDON - ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE AND COMPANY LIMITED 1907
Edinburgh: T. and A. CONSTABLE, Printers to His Majesty
http://archive.org/stream/travels…

About Wednesday 25 October 1665

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

"Anyone else think Sam is being a bit too sweaty-palmed about all this? "... and so I led them to bed ..." If I was Mrs. F., I'd be mortified."

I think Pepys was just playing host. He got home and found Mrs. Ferrar alone, presumably in his dining room. So he got his new little girl from next door and together they sang or chatted until Capt. Ferrar got home. Then they had something to eat, and Pepys got his candle and showed them the way to his bedroom.

Then he took his new little girl home, and went to bed himself. Considering all the politics and victualling problems which must have been swishing around in his brain, I think he was very gallant.

About General literature reference

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Pepys must have been familiar with this quote, and obviously agreed with it. When he stops playing and singing, he always seemed more sad:

"Music is a moral law. It gives a soul to the universe, wings to the mind, flight to the imagination, a charm to sadness, and life to everything. It is the essence of order, and leads to all that is good, just and beautiful, of which it is the invisible, but nevertheless dazzling, passionate, and eternal form.” (Plato).

About Sunday 22 October 1665

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

“Here he tells me the Dutch Embassador at Oxford" -- either Pepys doesn't know, or he hasn't shared with us: there is a lot of diplomacy going on between Oxford and many other capitals. The United States/Holland are expecting to be attacked by the French ... Charles II is close to making a deal with the Spanish ... people are negotiating prisoner exchanges ... the Bishop of Munster and his army are on the move and needs approval from Madrid to march across their Spanish Netherlands/ Belgium land ... the German Princes don't want to be involved, by and large ... Henrietta Maria has an opinion about everything which she feels quite free to share. It's diplomatic musical chairs. Not to mention the Barbary Pirates and the Sultan taking advantage of the Dutch and English being otherwise engaged. The rumor mill must have been on over-drive.

The Venetian Archives have some reports on what they guessed may or may not be happening: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/…

About Col. Philip Honywood

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

Sir Philip Honywood was an active Royalist agent in 1656-9, and in constant communication with Sir Edward Hyde. He bore to Charles II and the Marquis of Ormonde in July, 1657, the letters recommending Sir Richard Fanshawe's appointment to be secretary to the Duke of York, and Hyde spoke of him then as an honest man.

Honywood he was on Colonel Montagu's ship with Sir Thomas Leventhorpe in May, 1660.

Sir Philip was still Governor of Portsmouth in 1671.

He was son of Robert Honywood of Charing, 5-1/2 miles north-west of Ashford, Kent, and younger brother of Sir Robert Honywood: both of them and a third brother, Michael, Dean of Lincoln, dined with Pepys on 13 January, 1662.

His grandmother was remarkable for the fact that on her death, at 93, she had 367 lawful descendants. Her own children numbered 16, of whom 11 married. Her two sons had 17 and 12 children; one daughter had 14; three daughters had 13; two daughters had 11 children, and three had smaller numbers.

Sir Robert Honeywood had 20 children, but Sir Philip had only one daughter, who took his estates of Petts, in Charing, to her husband, George Sayer.

Taken from https://books.google.com/books?pg…

About Monday 17 February 1667/68

San Diego Sarah  •  Link

"... it coming not to Sir Philip Honiwood’s hand at Portsmouth ..."

According to Lady Anne Fanshawe's history of her husband, the new Ambassador to Spain, Sir Richard Fanshawe,

"... at Portsmouth, where we stayed till the 31st January 1663/4, being very civilly used there by the Mayor and his brethren, who made my husband a freeman of the town, as their custom is to persons of quality that pass that way; and likewise we received many favors from the Lieutenant-Governor, Sir Philip Honywood, with the rest of the commanders of that garrison."

For a look at Royalist life during the Civil Wars, Interregnum, and at the same time as Pepys Diary, check out Lady Anne Harrison:
See http://www.gutenberg.org/catalog/…