The point that the 3 Navy Board men negotiated with their hats on before the "Commissioners" [for paying off the forces] indicated that they did not concede superiority. They spoke as equals to the Members of Parliamentary Commission appointed to make these payments. As I recall this Commission included William Prynne MP and https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… Col. John Birch MP https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl… both of whom had experience in dealing with the sailors and paperwork.
Executions -- these Fifth Monarchists were terrorists. They had killed people and held the capital hostage for 4 days. They were traitors who advocated the overthrow of the monarchy.
The execution of terrorists/traitors was done with maximum cruelty throughout Europe in those days. Louis XIV treated people with bad intent far worse. https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
"Then come Captains Cuttance and Blake to carry her in the barge on board"
Glad to see Capt. Cuttance has regained his good manners. Yesterday's frosty reception probably reflected his dismay at being saddled with his boss' wife, children and household with no warning and no resources. Now that's sorted, he's delighted to show off his ship and to fire cannons in her honor.
"He usually tells us when his "boy" Will accompanies him and he does not mention him here or luggage."
There seems to be some backstories that need unravelling to make sense of this.
Last night Pepys, Will and Wayneman were at Seething Lane. Elizabeth was at Elizabeth Turner's. This morning Wayneman probably went back to Elizabeth with his news, while Pepys and Will went to see the Duke of York, and then onto the Sandwich chambers.
Sandwich has left Pepys in charge of the household while he is at sea with the royal family. Pepys, knowing Lady Jem is surrounded by all the King's men at Whitehall, felt no need to run over there and protect her during the recent Uprising. He went about his naval duties with a clear conscience.
Evidently Lady Jem didn't feel so secure -- after all, Hinchingbrooke is in Puritan country, and she might know how strong Fifth Monarchist feelings were in that part of the countryside. Also Charles II's guards travel with him, so maybe the remaining Whitehall guards were less competant than Pepys imagined.
Obviously Lady Jem can't take her children to her husband, so she goes where she thinks his appointed surrogate has gone.
Pepys now sends Will Hewer to Elizabeth with instructions to protect her, while he catches up with Lady Jem and family.
Does he pack more than his nice new riding boots? I hope so -- they had saddle bags. No doubt he could buy a new shirt at Chatham if he needed one. More important to have some silver and gold coins with him than shirts.
"Sam never mentions luggage when he talks about these short trips."
Pepys, the gentleman Commissioner, was not carrying his own luggage: "... by water to Redriffe, and so on foot to Deptford (our servants by water), ..." https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
I'm guessing Pepys' servant would have been Will Hewer, leaving Wayneman to be Elizabeth's "runner".
As things worked out by this evening they both needed 2 servants, because Pepys had effectively lost Elizabeth. She could easily have sent Wayneman to Deptford to tell Pepys where she was; Hewer was too busy helping Pepys undress and to bed while unpack from their trip to go to his father's to enquire where Elizabeth (and Pall?) was/were.
Interesting Pepys makes no mention of Pall's whereabouts. She and Elizabeth had been cooking at the senior Pepys' as they had a guest staying with them when Margaret had been called away to a sick relative's in Huntingdon. It's possible Margaret is home by now?
Life without telephones/email was difficult -- definitely more stressful.
'Pepys is admiring the housekeeping and "neat" appearance of the houses of these officers'
"Get this hell hole cleaned up, woman -- the boss is coming to visit this afternoon. I don't need those toffs in Seething Lane thinking I don't have standards. You should see their lodgings! They wouldn't tolerate your mess for a minute."
"Never till now did I see the great authority of my place, all the captains of the fleet coming cap in hand to us." -- I think that's why he was sent with Col. Slingsby on this outing. All the other Commissioners have been in the position of making decisions and giving orders. Pepys has watched and aided Sandwich in doing it, but this is his first time sitting in the hot seat.
"Cap in hand", by the way, is the way people indicated who was taking orders from whom -- and Pepys' early life has been spent in the hat off department. Now experienced, professional sea captains -- who are probably older than him -- seek his decisions.
"I went home with Mr. Davis, storekeeper ..., and was there most prince-like lodged, with so much respect and honour that I was at a loss how to behave myself."
There's the social juggling act Pepys is being called upon to fill for the first time in his life: He employs the older and experienced storekeeper, who has a nicer house than his in Seething Lane. Does he play "the Lord" or "the supplicant"? The kid or the employer? Keep his (psychological) hat on, or take it off? Hopefully he took out his lute and gave pleasure to his equally baffled host.
Roger Hoefling -- using the SEARCH button top right, type in WALSINGHAM, and chose the ANNOTATIONS option, and you'll find a few mentions of Queen Elizabeth's spymaster. It's said two of those spies are buried at St. Olave's.
Another article adding to my "tent and toast" theory. Did you know 'The English word toast and the Spanish-derived tapas have something in common when it comes to libations. The word tapas in English refers to hors d'oeuvres served in a bar, and that meaning is derived from the Spanish noun tapa, meaning "cover" or "lid."'? https://www.merriam-webster.com/w…
We all noticed that Pepys didn't have much to do at his job the first months of the Diary, but he did have some responsibilities. While he was at sea with Montagu for 3 months, his role was filled by Hawley. I suspect Pepys didn't expect to see this pay day -- but Hawley was honest enough to bring over the money. Arguably, Hawley should have received all of it. Maybe there was a rule covering this sort of situation? Maybe they had discussed how to split the money before Pepys left?
As for the Fifth-monarchy men I was moved to give forth a paper, to manifest their error to them; for they looked for Christ’s personal coming in an outward form and manner, and fixed the time to the year 1666; at which time some of them prepared themselves when it thundered and rained, thinking Christ was then come to set up His kingdom, and they imagined they were to kill the whore without them.
But I told them that the whore was alive in them, and was not burned with God’s fire, nor judged in them with the same power and Spirit the Apostles were in; and that their looking for Christ’s coming outwardly to set up His kingdom was like the Pharisees’ “Lo here,” and “Lo there.” But Christ was come, and had set up His kingdom above 1600 years ago, according to Nebuchadnezzar’s dream and Daniel’s prophecy, and He had dashed to pieces the four monarchies, the great image, with its head of gold, breast and arms of silver, belly and thighs of brass, legs of iron, and its feet part of iron part of clay; and they were all blown away with God’s wind, as the chaff in the summer threshing-floor.
And I told them that when Christ was on earth, He said His kingdom was not of this world; if it had been, His servants would have fought; but it was not, therefore His servants did not fight. Therefore all the Fifth-monarchy men that are fighters with carnal weapons are none of Christ’s servants, but the beast’s and the whore’s. Christ said, “All power in heaven and in earth is given to me”; so then His kingdom was set up above 1600 years ago, and He reigns. “And we see Jesus Christ reign,” said the Apostle, “and He shall reign till all things be put under His feet”; though all things are not yet put under His feet, nor subdued.
Now we understand the fear that Munster's Protestantism-gone-awry trauma represented, the blanket reaction of rounding up thousands of innocent people across the nation comes into focus. It's like labeling a communal living situation as being 'like Jonestown' today. Red flags go up everywhere, regardless of whether or not they are justified. https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
While they were thus met, in came a poor Friend, who, being sentenced by their bloody law to die, had lain some time in irons expecting execution. This added to their joy, and caused them to lift up their hearts in high praise to God, who is worthy for ever to have the praise, the glory, and the honour; for He only is able to deliver, to save, and support all that sincerely put their trust in Him.
Here follows a copy of the mandamus.
“Charles R.: “Trusty and well-beloved, We greet you well. Having been informed that several of our subjects amongst you, called Quakers, have been and are imprisoned by you, whereof some have been executed, and others (as hath been represented unto us) are in danger to undergo the like, we have thought fit to signify our pleasure in that behalf for the future; and do hereby require that if there be any of those people called Quakers amongst you, now already condemned to suffer death or other corporal punishment, or that are imprisoned and obnoxious to the like condemnation, you are to forbear to proceed any further therein; but that you forthwith send the said persons (whether condemned or imprisoned) over into this our kingdom of England, together with the respective crimes or offenses laid to their charge, to the end that such course may be taken with them here as shall be agreeable to our laws and their demerits. And for so doing, these our letters shall be your sufficient warrant and discharge. Given at our court at Whitehall the ninth day of September, 1661, in the 13th year of our reign.”
Subscribed: “To our trusty and well-beloved John Endicott, Esquire, and to all and every other the Governor or governors of our plantations of New England, and of all the colonies thereunto belonging, that now are or hereafter shall be, and to all and every the ministers and officers of our plantations and colonies whatsoever within the continent of New England. ” By his majesty’s command, -- “William Morris.” [MORE INFO ABOUT NASTY SITUATIONS IN NEW ENGLAND FOLLOWS] ...
After that, the King being continually importuned thereunto, issued a declaration that Friends should be set at liberty without paying fees. But great labour, travail, and pains were taken before this was obtained; for Thomas Moore and Margaret Fell went often to the King about it.
Much blood was shed this year, many of the old King’s judges being hung, drawn and quartered. Amongst them that so suffered, Colonel Hacker was one. ... But there was a secret hand in bringing this day upon that hypocritical generation of professors, who, being got into power, grew proud, haughty, and cruel beyond others, and persecuted the people of God without pity. ...
Although those Friends that had been imprisoned on the rising of the Fifth-monarchy men were set at liberty, meetings were much disturbed, and great sufferings Friends underwent. For besides what was done by officers and soldiers, many wild fellows and rude people often came in.
One time when I was at Pall-Mall there came an ambassador with a company of Irishmen and rude fellows. The meeting was over before they came, and I was gone into a chamber, where I heard one of them say that he would kill all the Quakers. I went down to him, and was moved in the power of the Lord to speak to him. I told him, “The law said, ‘An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth’; but thou threateneth to kill all the Quakers, though they have done thee no hurt. But,” said I, “here is gospel for thee: here is my hair, here is my cheek, and here is my shoulder,” turning it to him.
This so overcame him that he and his companions stood as men amazed, and said that if that was our principle, and if we were as we said, they never saw the like in their lives. I told them that what I was in words, I also was in my life. Then the ambassador who stood without, came in; for he said that this Irish colonel was a desperate man that he durst not come in with him for fear he should do us some mischief. But Truth came over the Irish colonel, and he carried himself lovingly towards us; as also did the ambassador; for the Lord’s power was over them all.
At Mile-End Friends were kept out of their meeting-place by soldiers, but they stood nobly in the Truth, valiant for the Lord’s name; and at last the Truth gave them dominion.
About this time we had an account that John Love, a Friend that was moved to go and bear testimony against the idolatry of the Papists, was dead in prison at Rome; it was suspected he was privately put to death. Also before this time we received account from New England that the government there had made a law to banish the Quakers out of their colonies, upon pain of death in case they returned; that several of our Friends, having been so banished and returning, were thereupon taken and actually hanged, and that diverse more were in prison, in danger of the like sentence being executed upon them. ...
While I was there the soldiers went again to Pall-Mall to search for me; but not finding me they turned towards the inn, and bade all come out that were not prisoners; so they went out. But I asked the soldiers that were within whether I might not stay there a while with my friends. They said, “Yes.” I stayed, and so escaped their hands again. Towards night I went to Pall-Mall, to see how it was with the Friends there; and, after I had stayed a while, I went up into the city.
Great rifling of houses there was at this time to search for people. I went to a private Friend’s house, and Richard Hubberthorn was with me. There we drew up a declaration against plots and fightings, to be presented to the King and Council; but when finished, and sent to print, it was taken in the press.
On this insurrection of the Fifth-monarchy men, great havoc was made both in city and country, so that it was dangerous for sober people to stir abroad for several weeks after. Men or women could hardly go up and down the streets to buy provisions for their families without being abused. In the country they dragged men and women out of their houses, and some sick men out of their beds by the legs. Nay, one man in a fever, the soldiers dragged out of bed to prison, and when he was brought there he died. His name was Thomas Pachyn.
Margaret Fell went to the King and told him what sad work there was in the city and nation, and showed him we were an innocent, peaceable people, and that we must keep our meetings as heretofore, whatever we suffered; but that it concerned him to see that peace was kept, that no innocent blood might be shed.
The prisons were now everywhere filled with Friends and others, in the city and country, and the posts were so laid for the searching of letters that none could pass unsearched. We heard of several thousands of our Friends that were cast into prison in several parts of the nation, and Margaret Fell carried an account of them to the King and Council. The next week we had an account of several thousands more that were cast into prison, and she went and laid them also before the King and Council. They wondered how we could have such intelligence, seeing they had given such strict charge for the intercepting of all letters; but the Lord did so order it that we had an account notwithstanding all their stoppings.
Soon after the King gave forth a proclamation that no soldiers should search any house without a constable. But the jails were still full, many thousands of Friends being in prison; which mischief was occasioned by the wicked rising of the Fifth-monarchy men. But when those that were taken came to be executed, they did us the justice to clear us openly from having any hand in or knowledge of their plot.
Great mischief was done in the city this week; and when the next first-day came, as Friends went to their meetings, many were taken prisoners. I stayed at Pall-Mall, intending to be at the meeting there; but on Seventh-day night a company of troopers came and knocked at the door. The servant let them in. They rushed into the house, and laid hold of me; and, there being amongst them one that had served under the Parliament, he put his hand to my pocket and asked whether I had any pistol. I told him, “You know I do not carry pistols, why, therefore, ask such a question of me, whom you know to be a peaceable man?” Others of the soldiers ran into the chambers, and there found in bed Esquire Marsh, who was one of the King’s bedchamber, out of his love to me came and lodged where I did. When they came down again they said, “Why should we take this man away with us. We will let him alone.” “Oh,” said the Parliament soldier, “he is one of the heads, and a chief ringleader.” Upon this the soldiers were taking me away, but Esquire Marsh, hearing of it, sent for the party commander, and desired him to let me alone, for he would see me forthcoming in the morning.
In the morning, before they could fetch me, and before the meeting was gathered, there came a company of foot soldiers to the house, and one of them, drawing his sword, held it over my head. I asked him why he drew his sword at an unarmed man, at which his fellows bade him put up his sword. These foot soldiers took me away to Whitehall before the troopers came for me. As I was going out several Friends were coming in to the meeting. I commended their boldness, and encouraged them to persevere therein. When I was brought to Whitehall, the soldiers and people were exceedingly rude, yet I declared Truth to them. But some great persons came by, who were very full of envy. “Why,” said they, “do ye let him preach? Put him into a place where he may not stir.” So into such a place they put me, and the soldiers watched over me. I told them that, though they could confine my body and shut that up, yet they could not stop the Word of life. Some came and asked me what I was. I told them, “A preacher of righteousness.” After I had been kept there two or three hours, Esquire Marsh spoke to Lord Gerrard, and he came and bade them set me at liberty. The marshal, when I was discharged, demanded fees. I told him I could not give him any, neither was it our practice; and I asked him how he could demand fees of me, who was innocent. Then I went through the guards, the Lord’s power being over them; and, after I had declared Truth to the soldiers, I went up the streets with two Irish colonels that came from Whitehall to an inn where many Friends were at that time prisoners under a guard. I desired these colonels to speak to the guard to let me go in to visit my friends that were prisoners there; but they would not. Then I stepped up to the sentry, and desired him to let me go up; and he did so.
JWB mentions George Fox -- Venner's second Rising was the event that made non-violence a tenent of Quakerism:
"After the suppression of a violent Fifth Monarchist uprising led by Thomas Venner in January 1661, George Fox issued the "Peace Testimony" which committed the Society of Friends to pacifism and non-violence under all circumstances." -- http://www.british-civil-wars.co.…
Fox's auto-biography says this about Venner's Rising: ... Richard Hubberthorn had been with the King, who said that none should molest us so long as we lived peaceably and promised this upon the word of a king; telling Richard that we might make use of his promise. Some Friends were also admitted in the House of Lords, to declare their reasons why they could not pay tithes, swear, go to the steeple-house worship, or join with others in worship; and the Lords heard them moderately. There being about 700 Friends in prison, who had been committed under Oliver’s and Richard’s government, upon contempts (so called) when the King came in, he set them all at liberty.
There seemed at that time an inclination and intention in the government to grant Friends liberty, because those in authority were sensible that we had suffered as well as they under the former powers. But still, when anything was going forward in order thereto, some dirty spirits or other, that would seem to be for us, threw something in the way to stop it.
It was said there was an instrument drawn up for confirming our liberty, and that it only wanted signing; when suddenly that wicked attempt of the Fifth-monarchy people broke out, and put the city and nation in an uproar. This was on a First-day night, and very glorious meetings we had had that day, wherein the Lord’s Truth shone over all, and His power was exalted above all; but about midnight, or soon after, the drums beat, and the cry was, “Arm, Arm!”
I got up out of bed, and in the morning took boat, and, landing at Whitehall-stairs, walked through Whitehall. The people there looked strangely at me, but I passed through them, and went to Pall-Mall, where diverse Friends came to me, though it had now become dangerous to pass through the streets; for by this time the city and suburbs were up in arms. Exceedingly rude the people and soldiers were. Henry Fell, going to a Friend’s house, was knocked down by the soldiers, and he would have been killed had not the Duke of York come by.
I'm flabberghasted that "brave" Pepys let Pall and Elizabeth go out -- possibly with 13-year-old Wayneman in tow? -- knowing of the on-going riots. What was he thinking? (I suspect they went to his father's to prepare meals for his guest, Peter Honywood, since it's too soon for Margaret Pepys to have returned from Huntingdon https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… )
Sunday 16 December 1660 In the morning to church, and then dined at home. In the afternoon I to White Hall, where I was surprised with the news of a plot against the King’s person and my Lord Monk’s; and that since last night there are about forty taken up on suspicion; and, amongst others, it was my lot to meet with Simon Beale, the Trumpeter, who took me and Tom Doling into the Guard in Scotland Yard, and showed us Major-General Overton, where I heard him deny that he is guilty of any such things; but that whereas it is said that he is found to have brought many arms to town, he says it is only to sell them, as he will prove by oath.
@@@
Well done finding internet connections in the wilds of Turkestan. Do they celebrate Twelfth Night with cakes and peas?
Charles II had immediately recalled the Douglas Regiment under Col. George Douglas from France when he heard about the Venner Uprising.
The revolt was quickly crushed and they returned to France as the Cavalier Parliament refused to finance replacements for the disbanded New Model Army.
The need for a Royalist standing army will be an issue throughout Charles II's reign.
Comments
Third Reading
About Monday 21 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
The point that the 3 Navy Board men negotiated with their hats on before the "Commissioners" [for paying off the forces] indicated that they did not concede superiority. They spoke as equals to the Members of Parliamentary Commission appointed to make these payments.
As I recall this Commission included William Prynne MP and
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
Col. John Birch MP
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
both of whom had experience in dealing with the sailors and paperwork.
About Saturday 19 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
Executions -- these Fifth Monarchists were terrorists. They had killed people and held the capital hostage for 4 days. They were traitors who advocated the overthrow of the monarchy.
The execution of terrorists/traitors was done with maximum cruelty throughout Europe in those days. Louis XIV treated people with bad intent far worse.
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
About Thursday 17 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
"Then come Captains Cuttance and Blake to carry her in the barge on board"
Glad to see Capt. Cuttance has regained his good manners. Yesterday's frosty reception probably reflected his dismay at being saddled with his boss' wife, children and household with no warning and no resources. Now that's sorted, he's delighted to show off his ship and to fire cannons in her honor.
About Wednesday 16 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
"He usually tells us when his "boy" Will accompanies him and he does not mention him here or luggage."
There seems to be some backstories that need unravelling to make sense of this.
Last night Pepys, Will and Wayneman were at Seething Lane. Elizabeth was at Elizabeth Turner's. This morning Wayneman probably went back to Elizabeth with his news, while Pepys and Will went to see the Duke of York, and then onto the Sandwich chambers.
Sandwich has left Pepys in charge of the household while he is at sea with the royal family. Pepys, knowing Lady Jem is surrounded by all the King's men at Whitehall, felt no need to run over there and protect her during the recent Uprising. He went about his naval duties with a clear conscience.
Evidently Lady Jem didn't feel so secure -- after all, Hinchingbrooke is in Puritan country, and she might know how strong Fifth Monarchist feelings were in that part of the countryside.
Also Charles II's guards travel with him, so maybe the remaining Whitehall guards were less competant than Pepys imagined.
Obviously Lady Jem can't take her children to her husband, so she goes where she thinks his appointed surrogate has gone.
Pepys now sends Will Hewer to Elizabeth with instructions to protect her, while he catches up with Lady Jem and family.
Does he pack more than his nice new riding boots? I hope so -- they had saddle bags. No doubt he could buy a new shirt at Chatham if he needed one. More important to have some silver and gold coins with him than shirts.
About Tuesday 15 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
"Sam never mentions luggage when he talks about these short trips."
Pepys, the gentleman Commissioner, was not carrying his own luggage:
"... by water to Redriffe, and so on foot to Deptford (our servants by water), ..."
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
I'm guessing Pepys' servant would have been Will Hewer, leaving Wayneman to be Elizabeth's "runner".
As things worked out by this evening they both needed 2 servants, because Pepys had effectively lost Elizabeth. She could easily have sent Wayneman to Deptford to tell Pepys where she was; Hewer was too busy helping Pepys undress and to bed while unpack from their trip to go to his father's to enquire where Elizabeth (and Pall?) was/were.
Interesting Pepys makes no mention of Pall's whereabouts. She and Elizabeth had been cooking at the senior Pepys' as they had a guest staying with them when Margaret had been called away to a sick relative's in Huntingdon. It's possible Margaret is home by now?
Life without telephones/email was difficult -- definitely more stressful.
About Monday 14 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
'Pepys is admiring the housekeeping and "neat" appearance of the houses of these officers'
"Get this hell hole cleaned up, woman -- the boss is coming to visit this afternoon. I don't need those toffs in Seething Lane thinking I don't have standards. You should see their lodgings! They wouldn't tolerate your mess for a minute."
About Saturday 12 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
"Never till now did I see the great authority of my place, all the captains of the fleet coming cap in hand to us." -- I think that's why he was sent with Col. Slingsby on this outing.
All the other Commissioners have been in the position of making decisions and giving orders. Pepys has watched and aided Sandwich in doing it, but this is his first time sitting in the hot seat.
"Cap in hand", by the way, is the way people indicated who was taking orders from whom -- and Pepys' early life has been spent in the hat off department. Now experienced, professional sea captains -- who are probably older than him -- seek his decisions.
"I went home with Mr. Davis, storekeeper ..., and was there most prince-like lodged, with so much respect and honour that I was at a loss how to behave myself."
There's the social juggling act Pepys is being called upon to fill for the first time in his life: He employs the older and experienced storekeeper, who has a nicer house than his in Seething Lane. Does he play "the Lord" or "the supplicant"? The kid or the employer? Keep his (psychological) hat on, or take it off?
Hopefully he took out his lute and gave pleasure to his equally baffled host.
About The Garden at the Navy Office
San Diego Sarah • Link
Roger Hoefling -- using the SEARCH button top right, type in WALSINGHAM, and chose the ANNOTATIONS option, and you'll find a few mentions of Queen Elizabeth's spymaster. It's said two of those spies are buried at St. Olave's.
About Tuesday 26 July 1664
San Diego Sarah • Link
Another article adding to my "tent and toast" theory.
Did you know 'The English word toast and the Spanish-derived tapas have something in common when it comes to libations. The word tapas in English refers to hors d'oeuvres served in a bar, and that meaning is derived from the Spanish noun tapa, meaning "cover" or "lid."'?
https://www.merriam-webster.com/w…
I think the Spanish do it better in this case.
About Thursday 10 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
"Why did Sam give Mr. H half back?"
We all noticed that Pepys didn't have much to do at his job the first months of the Diary, but he did have some responsibilities. While he was at sea with Montagu for 3 months, his role was filled by Hawley.
I suspect Pepys didn't expect to see this pay day -- but Hawley was honest enough to bring over the money.
Arguably, Hawley should have received all of it. Maybe there was a rule covering this sort of situation? Maybe they had discussed how to split the money before Pepys left?
Nice of Hawley to give Jane a tip.
About Thursday 10 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
CONCLUSION:
As for the Fifth-monarchy men I was moved to give forth a paper, to manifest their error to them; for they looked for Christ’s personal coming in an outward form and manner, and fixed the time to the year 1666; at which time some of them prepared themselves when it thundered and rained, thinking Christ was then come to set up His kingdom, and they imagined they were to kill the whore without them.
But I told them that the whore was alive in them, and was not burned with God’s fire, nor judged in them with the same power and Spirit the Apostles were in; and that their looking for Christ’s coming outwardly to set up His kingdom was like the Pharisees’ “Lo here,” and “Lo there.” But Christ was come, and had set up His kingdom above 1600 years ago, according to Nebuchadnezzar’s dream and Daniel’s prophecy, and He had dashed to pieces the four monarchies, the great image, with its head of gold, breast and arms of silver, belly and thighs of brass, legs of iron, and its feet part of iron part of clay; and they were all blown away with God’s wind, as the chaff in the summer threshing-floor.
And I told them that when Christ was on earth, He said His kingdom was not of this world; if it had been, His servants would have fought; but it was not, therefore His servants did not fight. Therefore all the Fifth-monarchy men that are fighters with carnal weapons are none of Christ’s servants, but the beast’s and the whore’s. Christ said, “All power in heaven and in earth is given to me”; so then His kingdom was set up above 1600 years ago, and He reigns. “And we see Jesus Christ reign,” said the Apostle, “and He shall reign till all things be put under His feet”; though all things are not yet put under His feet, nor subdued.
... And it goes on -- Fox's biography is at
https://ccel.org/ccel/fox_g/autob…
Now we understand the fear that Munster's Protestantism-gone-awry trauma represented, the blanket reaction of rounding up thousands of innocent people across the nation comes into focus.
It's like labeling a communal living situation as being 'like Jonestown' today. Red flags go up everywhere, regardless of whether or not they are justified.
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
About Thursday 10 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
PART 4:
While they were thus met, in came a poor Friend, who, being sentenced by their bloody law to die, had lain some time in irons expecting execution. This added to their joy, and caused them to lift up their hearts in high praise to God, who is worthy for ever to have the praise, the glory, and the honour; for He only is able to deliver, to save, and support all that sincerely put their trust in Him.
Here follows a copy of the mandamus.
“Charles R.:
“Trusty and well-beloved, We greet you well. Having been informed that several of our subjects amongst you, called Quakers, have been and are imprisoned by you, whereof some have been executed, and others (as hath been represented unto us) are in danger to undergo the like, we have thought fit to signify our pleasure in that behalf for the future; and do hereby require that if there be any of those people called Quakers amongst you, now already condemned to suffer death or other corporal punishment, or that are imprisoned and obnoxious to the like condemnation, you are to forbear to proceed any further therein; but that you forthwith send the said persons (whether condemned or imprisoned) over into this our kingdom of England, together with the respective crimes or offenses laid to their charge, to the end that such course may be taken with them here as shall be agreeable to our laws and their demerits. And for so doing, these our letters shall be your sufficient warrant and discharge. Given at our court at Whitehall the ninth day of September, 1661, in the 13th year of our reign.”
Subscribed: “To our trusty and well-beloved John Endicott, Esquire, and to all and every other the Governor or governors of our plantations of New England, and of all the colonies thereunto belonging, that now are or hereafter shall be, and to all and every the ministers and officers of our plantations and colonies whatsoever within the continent of New England. ” By his majesty’s command,
-- “William Morris.”
[MORE INFO ABOUT NASTY SITUATIONS IN NEW ENGLAND FOLLOWS] ...
About Thursday 10 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
PART 4
After that, the King being continually importuned thereunto, issued a declaration that Friends should be set at liberty without paying fees. But great labour, travail, and pains were taken before this was obtained; for Thomas Moore and Margaret Fell went often to the King about it.
Much blood was shed this year, many of the old King’s judges being hung, drawn and quartered. Amongst them that so suffered, Colonel Hacker was one. ... But there was a secret hand in bringing this day upon that hypocritical generation of professors, who, being got into power, grew proud, haughty, and cruel beyond others, and persecuted the people of God without pity. ...
Although those Friends that had been imprisoned on the rising of the Fifth-monarchy men were set at liberty, meetings were much disturbed, and great sufferings Friends underwent. For besides what was done by officers and soldiers, many wild fellows and rude people often came in.
One time when I was at Pall-Mall there came an ambassador with a company of Irishmen and rude fellows. The meeting was over before they came, and I was gone into a chamber, where I heard one of them say that he would kill all the Quakers. I went down to him, and was moved in the power of the Lord to speak to him. I told him, “The law said, ‘An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth’; but thou threateneth to kill all the Quakers, though they have done thee no hurt. But,” said I, “here is gospel for thee: here is my hair, here is my cheek, and here is my shoulder,” turning it to him.
This so overcame him that he and his companions stood as men amazed, and said that if that was our principle, and if we were as we said, they never saw the like in their lives. I told them that what I was in words, I also was in my life. Then the ambassador who stood without, came in; for he said that this Irish colonel was a desperate man that he durst not come in with him for fear he should do us some mischief. But Truth came over the Irish colonel, and he carried himself lovingly towards us; as also did the ambassador; for the Lord’s power was over them all.
At Mile-End Friends were kept out of their meeting-place by soldiers, but they stood nobly in the Truth, valiant for the Lord’s name; and at last the Truth gave them dominion.
About this time we had an account that John Love, a Friend that was moved to go and bear testimony against the idolatry of the Papists, was dead in prison at Rome; it was suspected he was privately put to death.
Also before this time we received account from New England that the government there had made a law to banish the Quakers out of their colonies, upon pain of death in case they returned; that several of our Friends, having been so banished and returning, were thereupon taken and actually hanged, and that diverse more were in prison, in danger of the like sentence being executed upon them. ...
About Thursday 10 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
PART 3
While I was there the soldiers went again to Pall-Mall to search for me; but not finding me they turned towards the inn, and bade all come out that were not prisoners; so they went out. But I asked the soldiers that were within whether I might not stay there a while with my friends. They said, “Yes.” I stayed, and so escaped their hands again.
Towards night I went to Pall-Mall, to see how it was with the Friends there; and, after I had stayed a while, I went up into the city.
Great rifling of houses there was at this time to search for people. I went to a private Friend’s house, and Richard Hubberthorn was with me. There we drew up a declaration against plots and fightings, to be presented to the King and Council; but when finished, and sent to print, it was taken in the press.
On this insurrection of the Fifth-monarchy men, great havoc was made both in city and country, so that it was dangerous for sober people to stir abroad for several weeks after. Men or women could hardly go up and down the streets to buy provisions for their families without being abused.
In the country they dragged men and women out of their houses, and some sick men out of their beds by the legs. Nay, one man in a fever, the soldiers dragged out of bed to prison, and when he was brought there he died. His name was Thomas Pachyn.
Margaret Fell went to the King and told him what sad work there was in the city and nation, and showed him we were an innocent, peaceable people, and that we must keep our meetings as heretofore, whatever we suffered; but that it concerned him to see that peace was kept, that no innocent blood might be shed.
The prisons were now everywhere filled with Friends and others, in the city and country, and the posts were so laid for the searching of letters that none could pass unsearched. We heard of several thousands of our Friends that were cast into prison in several parts of the nation, and Margaret Fell carried an account of them to the King and Council.
The next week we had an account of several thousands more that were cast into prison, and she went and laid them also before the King and Council. They wondered how we could have such intelligence, seeing they had given such strict charge for the intercepting of all letters; but the Lord did so order it that we had an account notwithstanding all their stoppings.
Soon after the King gave forth a proclamation that no soldiers should search any house without a constable. But the jails were still full, many thousands of Friends being in prison; which mischief was occasioned by the wicked rising of the Fifth-monarchy men. But when those that were taken came to be executed, they did us the justice to clear us openly from having any hand in or knowledge of their plot.
About Thursday 10 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
PART 2
Great mischief was done in the city this week; and when the next first-day came, as Friends went to their meetings, many were taken prisoners.
I stayed at Pall-Mall, intending to be at the meeting there; but on Seventh-day night a company of troopers came and knocked at the door. The servant let them in. They rushed into the house, and laid hold of me; and, there being amongst them one that had served under the Parliament, he put his hand to my pocket and asked whether I had any pistol. I told him, “You know I do not carry pistols, why, therefore, ask such a question of me, whom you know to be a peaceable man?”
Others of the soldiers ran into the chambers, and there found in bed Esquire Marsh, who was one of the King’s bedchamber, out of his love to me came and lodged where I did. When they came down again they said, “Why should we take this man away with us. We will let him alone.”
“Oh,” said the Parliament soldier, “he is one of the heads, and a chief ringleader.”
Upon this the soldiers were taking me away, but Esquire Marsh, hearing of it, sent for the party commander, and desired him to let me alone, for he would see me forthcoming in the morning.
In the morning, before they could fetch me, and before the meeting was gathered, there came a company of foot soldiers to the house, and one of them, drawing his sword, held it over my head. I asked him why he drew his sword at an unarmed man, at which his fellows bade him put up his sword.
These foot soldiers took me away to Whitehall before the troopers came for me.
As I was going out several Friends were coming in to the meeting. I commended their boldness, and encouraged them to persevere therein.
When I was brought to Whitehall, the soldiers and people were exceedingly rude, yet I declared Truth to them. But some great persons came by, who were very full of envy. “Why,” said they, “do ye let him preach? Put him into a place where he may not stir.”
So into such a place they put me, and the soldiers watched over me. I told them that, though they could confine my body and shut that up, yet they could not stop the Word of life. Some came and asked me what I was. I told them, “A preacher of righteousness.”
After I had been kept there two or three hours, Esquire Marsh spoke to Lord Gerrard, and he came and bade them set me at liberty. The marshal, when I was discharged, demanded fees. I told him I could not give him any, neither was it our practice; and I asked him how he could demand fees of me, who was innocent.
Then I went through the guards, the Lord’s power being over them; and, after I had declared Truth to the soldiers, I went up the streets with two Irish colonels that came from Whitehall to an inn where many Friends were at that time prisoners under a guard. I desired these colonels to speak to the guard to let me go in to visit my friends that were prisoners there; but they would not. Then I stepped up to the sentry, and desired him to let me go up; and he did so.
About Thursday 10 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
JWB mentions George Fox -- Venner's second Rising was the event that made non-violence a tenent of Quakerism:
"After the suppression of a violent Fifth Monarchist uprising led by Thomas Venner in January 1661, George Fox issued the "Peace Testimony" which committed the Society of Friends to pacifism and non-violence under all circumstances." -- http://www.british-civil-wars.co.…
Fox's auto-biography says this about Venner's Rising:
... Richard Hubberthorn had been with the King, who said that none should molest us so long as we lived peaceably and promised this upon the word of a king; telling Richard that we might make use of his promise.
Some Friends were also admitted in the House of Lords, to declare their reasons why they could not pay tithes, swear, go to the steeple-house worship, or join with others in worship; and the Lords heard them moderately. There being about 700 Friends in prison, who had been committed under Oliver’s and Richard’s government, upon contempts (so called) when the King came in, he set them all at liberty.
There seemed at that time an inclination and intention in the government to grant Friends liberty, because those in authority were sensible that we had suffered as well as they under the former powers. But still, when anything was going forward in order thereto, some dirty spirits or other, that would seem to be for us, threw something in the way to stop it.
It was said there was an instrument drawn up for confirming our liberty, and that it only wanted signing; when suddenly that wicked attempt of the Fifth-monarchy people broke out, and put the city and nation in an uproar. This was on a First-day night, and very glorious meetings we had had that day, wherein the Lord’s Truth shone over all, and His power was exalted above all; but about midnight, or soon after, the drums beat, and the cry was, “Arm, Arm!”
I got up out of bed, and in the morning took boat, and, landing at Whitehall-stairs, walked through Whitehall. The people there looked strangely at me, but I passed through them, and went to Pall-Mall, where diverse Friends came to me, though it had now become dangerous to pass through the streets; for by this time the city and suburbs were up in arms. Exceedingly rude the people and soldiers were. Henry Fell, going to a Friend’s house, was knocked down by the soldiers, and he would have been killed had not the Duke of York come by.
About Wednesday 9 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
I'm flabberghasted that "brave" Pepys let Pall and Elizabeth go out -- possibly with 13-year-old Wayneman in tow? -- knowing of the on-going riots. What was he thinking?
(I suspect they went to his father's to prepare meals for his guest, Peter Honywood, since it's too soon for Margaret Pepys to have returned from Huntingdon https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… )
About Monday 7 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
Oh yes -- how quickly I forgot:
Sunday 16 December 1660
In the morning to church, and then dined at home. In the afternoon I to White Hall, where I was surprised with the news of a plot against the King’s person and my Lord Monk’s; and that since last night there are about forty taken up on suspicion; and, amongst others, it was my lot to meet with Simon Beale, the Trumpeter, who took me and Tom Doling into the Guard in Scotland Yard, and showed us Major-General Overton, where I heard him deny that he is guilty of any such things; but that whereas it is said that he is found to have brought many arms to town, he says it is only to sell them, as he will prove by oath.
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Well done finding internet connections in the wilds of Turkestan. Do they celebrate Twelfth Night with cakes and peas?
About Thursday 10 January 1660/61
San Diego Sarah • Link
"The King this day came to town."
Charles II had immediately recalled the Douglas Regiment under Col. George Douglas from France when he heard about the Venner Uprising.
The revolt was quickly crushed and they returned to France as the Cavalier Parliament refused to finance replacements for the disbanded New Model Army.
The need for a Royalist standing army will be an issue throughout Charles II's reign.
About Trencher
San Diego Sarah • Link
On Jan. 8, 1661, Pepys buys a dozen trenchers from Thomas Pepys, the joiner. I guess these were of the wooden variety.