Bill

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Bill has posted 2,777 annotations/comments since 9 March 2013.

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Second Reading

About Capt. Henry Cooke

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COOKE, HENRY (d. 1672), musician; chorister of the Chapel Royal; entered Charles I's army, 1642, and became captain; teacher of music in London before 1655, several of his pupils becoming afterwards distinguished composers; part-composer of the music for Sir William D'Avenant's operas, 1656; choir-master of the Chapel Royal; composed the music for the coronation service, 1661; composer to Charles II, 1664; marshal of the Corporation of Musicians, 1670.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About Saturday 23 February 1660/61

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"To my Lord and there spoke to him about his opinion of the Light, the sea-mark that Captain Murford is about, and do offer me an eighth part to concern myself with it, and my Lord do give me some encouragement in it, and I shall go on."

If these sea-marks can be privatized, who then pays for them? Like turnpikes, it seems to be the ships who use them and Trinity House grants the license to build:

"The master, wardens, assistants, and elder brethren, are by charter invested with the following powers:
...
3. The settling the several rates of pilotage, and erecting light-houses, and other sea-marks upon the several coasts of the kingdom, for the security of navigation; to which light-houses all ships pay one halfpenny a ton."
---The Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences. T.H. Crocker, 1765.

Trinity House, Deptford: http://www.pepysdiary.com/encyclo…

About Ald. Edward Backwell

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BACKWELL, EDWARD (d. 1683), London goldsmith and banker at Unicorn, Lombard Street; probably chief; originator of system of banknotes; had financial dealings with Cromwell; alderman for Bishopsgate ward, 1667; sent to Paris to receive money for sale of Dunkirk to French, 1662; after treaty at Dover, 1670, was a frequent intermediary in money transactions between Charles II and Louis; sued by several creditors, a large sum being due to him from the exchequer, which Charles II had just closed, 1672; took refuge temporarily in Holland after judgment had been given against him; M.P. for Wendover, 1679 and 1680.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About Samuel Hartlib (sen.)

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HARTLIB, SAMUEL (d. 1670?), friend of Milton; came to England from Poland, с 1628; introduced writings of Comenius; praised by Milton in treatise on education, 1644; received pension from parliament for works on husbandry, 1646; published pamphlets on education and husbandry, including 'Description of the famous Kingdom of Macaria,' 1641, and 'Discours of Husbandrie used in Brabant and Flanders,' 1652.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About William Child

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CHILD, WILLIAM (1606?-1697), musician; chorister at Bristol; clerk and assistant organist of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 1630; Mus. Вас. Oxford, 1631; sole organist of St George's Chapel, 1634 ; said to have been also organist of the Chapel Royal, Whitehall; ejected by the puritans, 1643; restored, 1660; chanter of the Chapel Royal, Whitehall; composer to the king; Mus. Doc. Oxford, 1663; published twenty anthems, 1639; much of his music still in manuscript.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About Sir Gilbert Pickering

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PICKERING, Sir GILBERT, first baronet (1613-1668), parliamentarian; of Gray's Inn, 1629; M.P. Northamptonshire, in the Short and Long Parliaments and in those of the Commonwealth; active at the beginning of the civil war in raising troops and money in his county; sided with the army, 1648, and was appointed one of Charles I's judges, but attended only at first and did not sign the death-warrant; member of council of state under the Commonwealth; escaped punishment after the Restoration, but was declared incapable of holding office; was a baronet of Nova Scotia.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About Elizabeth Creed (b. Pickering)

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CREED, ELIZABETH (1644?-1728), philanthropist; nee Pickering: married John Creed, of Oundle, 1668; gave free Instruction to girls in drawing and needlework; painted altar-pieces for churches near Oundle.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About John Crew (a, Baron Crew of Stene)

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CREW, JOHN, first Baron Crew of Stene (1598-1679), son of Sir Thomas Crew; M.P. for Amersham, 1625, for Brackley, 1626, 1640, for Banbury, 1628, for Northamptonshire, 1640; voted against Strafford's attainder, 1641 ; supported the 'self-denying ordinance'; arrested among the 'secluded members' for not approving Charles I's trial, 1648; M.P. for Northamptonshire, 1654, 1660; one of the council of state, 1660; met Charles II at the Hague; created Baron Crew of Stene, 1661.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About Col. Philip Jones

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JONES, PHILIP (1618?-1674), Welsh parliamentarian governor of Swansea, 1645, and colonel, 1646; with Colonel Horton defeated the royalists at St. Pagans, 1648; governor of Cardiff; M.P., Brecknockshire, 1650, Glamorganshire, 1656; one of Cromwell's peers, 1657; member of the council of state from 1653; controller of the household to Oliver and Richard Cromwell; acquired large fortune; charged with corruption by the military party and extreme republicans; governor of the Charterhouse, 1658; made his peace with the king and was sheriff of Glamorgan, 1671; purchased Fonmon Castle, 1664.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About John Creed

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CREED, JOHN (fl. 1663), official; deputy-treasurer of the fleet, 1660; secretary to the commissioners for Tangier, 1662; F.R.S., 1663.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About Robert Hooke

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"What Descartes did was a good step. You have added much several ways, and especially in taking the colours of thin plates into philosophical consideration. If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants."
---Isaac Newton to Robert Hooke, 1676

Some have suggested that this is actually a veiled insult to Hooke, who was described as a man of "crooked and low stature." Probably not so since Newton seems to be including Descartes as a "Giant" also.

About Robert Hooke

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With Hooke then through your microscope take aim,
Where, like the new Comptroller, all men laugh,
To see a tall louse brandish a white staff;
---The Last Instructions to a Painter About the Dutch Wars, 1667. Andrew Marvel.

About Robert Hooke

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HOOKE, ROBERT (1635-1703), experimental philosopher; educated at Westminster under Busby and at Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1663; assisted Thomas Willis in his chemistry and Robert Boyle with his air-pump; elected curator of experiments to Royal Society, 1662; F.R.S., 1663; secretary, 1677-82; Gresham professor of geometry, 1665; as surveyor of London designed Montague House, Bethlehem Hospital and College of Physicians; in his 'Micrographia' (1665) pointed out real nature of combustion; proposed to measure force of gravity by swinging of pendulum, 1666; showed experimentally that centre of gravity of earth and moon is the point describing an ellipse round the sun; in astronomy discovered fifth star in Orion, 1664, inferred rotation of Jupiter, 1664, first observed a star by daylight, and made earliest attempts (1669) at telescopic determination of parallax of a fixed star; in optics helped Newton by hints; first applied spiral spring to regulate watches; expounded true theory of elasticity and kinetic hypothesis of gases, 1678; his anticipation of law of inverse squares admitted by Newton; first asserted true principle of the arch; constructed first Gregorian telescope, 1674; described a system of telegraphy, 1684; invented marine barometer and other instruments; posthumous works edited by R. Waller, 1705, and Derham, 1726.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About Deals

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deal (dēl) n.
1. a. A fir or pine board cut to standard dimensions.
b. Such boards or planks considered as a group.
2. Fir or pine wood.
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[Middle English dele, from Middle Dutch and Middle Low German dele, plank.]
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The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition copyright ©2013 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
http://www.ahdictionary.com/word/…

About Walter Mountagu (Abbot of St Martin)

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MONTAGU, WALTER (1603?-1677), abbot of St Martín near Pontoise; son of Sir Henry Montagu, first earl of Manchester; educated at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, and on the continent; employed by Buckingham on a secret mission to France, 1624 and 1626; continued in secret service in France, 1627-33; became Roman catholic, 1636; collected catholic contributions to the royalist army; imprisoned in the Tower of London, 1643-7: exiled, 1649; became abbot of St. Martin near Pontoise; resigned in favour of Cardinal Bouillon at the request of the French government, 1670, but continued to enjoy the revenues; published a comedy, verses, and theological and political works.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About Sir Richard Stayner

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STAYNER, Sir RICHARD (d. 1662), admiral; commanded the Foresight in actions off Portland (February), at the Gabbard (June), and in battle of 29-31 July, 1653; Captured great part of Spanish West Indian treasure fleet off Cadiz, 1666; knighted for services in Blake's destruction of Spanish ships at Santa Cruz, 1657; rear-admiral of the fleet which brought Charles II to England, 1660; again knighted; died at Lisbon, vice-admiral of Mediterranean fleet.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About Henry Jermyn (1st Earl of St Albans)

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Paint then St. Albans full of soup and gold,
The new Court's pattern, stallion of the old
Him neither wit nor courage did exalt,
But Fortune chose him for her pleasure's salt.
Paint him with drayman's shoulders, butcher's mien,
Membered like mule, with elephantine chin.
Well he the title of St. Albans bore,
For never Bacon studied nature more;
But age, allaying now that youthful heat,
Fits him in France to play at cards, and cheat.

Draw no commission, lest the Court should lie,
And, disavowing treaty, ask supply.
He needs no seal but to St. James's lease,
Whose breeches were the instruments of peace;
Who, if the French dispute his power, from thence
Can straight produce them a plenipotence.
Nor fears he the Most Christian should trepan
Two saints at once, St. German and Alban;
But thought the golden age was now restored,
When men and women took each other's word.

---Instructions to a Painter about the Dutch Wars, 1667. Andrew Marvel

About Henry Jermyn (1st Earl of St Albans)

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JERMYN, HENRY, first Earl of St. Albans (d. 1684), courtier; vice-chamberlain to Queen Henrietta Maria, 1628, and her master of the horse, 1639; M.P., Liverpool, 1628, Corfe Castle in Short parliament, and Bury St Edmunds in Long parliament; after being engaged in 'first army plot,' 1641, escaped to France, 1641; returned, 1643; secretary to Queen Henrietta Maria, commander of her body-guard; created Baron Jermyn, 1643; accompanied Henrietta Maria to France, 1644; governor of Jersey, 1644 : proposed to cede Jersey to France in exchange for help; persuaded Charles II to accept the terms offered by the Scots; remained at Paris till the Restoration; created Earl of St. Albans, 1660; lord chamberlain, 1674; as ambassador at Paris negotiated Charles II's marriage, a treaty with France (1667), and in 1669 preliminaries of treaty of Dover; planned St. James's Square and gave his name to Jermyn Street; the patron of Cowley, but satirised by Marvel).
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About Sir Philip Warwick

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WARWICK, Sir PHILIP (1609-1683), politician and historian; his father organist of Westminster Abbey and the Chapel Royal, Loudon; chorister at Westminster; visited France and Geneva; secretary to George, baron Goring, and, 1636, to Lord-treasurer Juxon ; student of Gray's Inn, 1638; clerk of the signet, 1638: hon. B.C.L. Oxford, 1638; M.P., Radnor, in the Long parliament, 1640, till expelled, 1644; opposed Strafford's attainder; sat in Charles I's parliament at Oxford; twice sent to urge Newcastle to march south, 1643: negotiated the surrender of Oxford, 1646: secretary to Charles I at Hampton Court, 1647, and Newport, 1648; compounded for his estate, 1649; imprisoned as a suspect, 1655; knighted, 1660; M.P., Westminster, 1661-78: managed the treasury for Thomas Wriothosley, fourth earl of Southampton, 1660-7: urged war with France, 1668: opposed toleration of dissenters, 1672: his 'Discourse of Government' appeared, 1694, and his 'Mémoires,' 1701.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.

About Sir Stephen Fox

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FOX, SIR STEPHEN (1627-1716), statesman; aided Charles II to escape after Worcester, 1651, and managed the prince's household while in Holland; employed on secret missions to England, 1658-60; paymaster-general, 1661; M.P. for Salisbury, 1661; knighted, 1665; opposed his patron Clarendon's impeachment, 1667; M.P., Westminster, and a commissioner of the treasury, 1679; first commissioner of horse, 1680, and sole commissioner, 1684; suggested and himself contributed towards the foundation of Chelsea Hospital, and built churches, schools, and almshouses; refused a peerage from James II and opposed the bill for a standing army; remained at the treasury under William III; led the Commons in procession at the coronation of Queen Anne, 1702, and was for a time commissioner of horse; M.P., Salisbury, 1714.
---Dictionary of National Biography: Index and Epitome. S. Lee, 1906.