Martin has it right: "many bodies else" = "many other people" OED "else", sense 1.b.: 1. a. A synonym of other, used in connexion with indef., rel., or interrog. pronouns, or with words or phrases equivalent to any of these, such as anything, nothing, everything, anybody, some one; also with all (absol.), much, little, a great deal.
b. In the same sense, referring to a n., chiefly preceded by an adj. correlative with one of the pronouns, etc. mentioned in 1. Formerly common; now only poet. or arch.
(Modern usage permits us to say 'Have you seen anybody else?' 'have you read anything else?' because body and thing have lost their substantival force; but not 'Have you seen any soldier else?' 'have you read any book else?')
971 Blickl. Hom. 39 Hwylc beren mænde he þonne elles buton heofona rice? 1340-70 Alex. & Dind. 1017 Þo bostful dedeus+Schal Šou procre to pryde & to no profit ellus. 1538 Bale God's Promises in Dodsley (1780) I. 25 The adders ded stynge other wycked persones els In wonderfull numbre. 1577 T. Vautrollier Luther on Ep. Gal. 92 Sharpe chidings and bitter wordes are as necessary+as any other vertue els. 1613 Purchas Pilgr., Descr. India (1864) 19 Hee is Lord of all nor hath any else possession of any thing, but at the will of the King. 1615 Chapman Odyss. xvii. 186 By force She kept his person from all else recourse. 1803 Wordsworth Airey-Force Valley Wks. VI. 33 Where all things else are still and motionless. 1827 Pollok Course T. x, This silence+Was now forgot, and every silence else.
"Mr. Cutler, his landlord, took me up and down, and showed me all his ground and house, which is extraordinary great, he having bought all the Augustine Fryers, and many, many a 1000l. he hath and will bury there."
"having now almost 1000l., if not above, in my house, I know not what to do with it"
This is interesting. Remember some months ago we were discussing how Sandwich was holding some considerable share of Sam's fortune. But now Sam has most of his net worth in his house in thievable tangibles (I doubt that he would fret about the safety of a promissory note from Sandwich). Maybe he got paid back before Sandwich went off to war, or maybe he is not including that debt in his net worth.
Sam's problem is one I'm very glad we no longer have. Banks are almost as useful an invention as indoor plumbing.
Pedro's and Robert's comments suggest to me that we are in danger of falling into a confusion here occasioned by Sam's use of the word "King." As Sam uses the word in this context, I argue (as I have before) that he means it in an abstract sense, in a way that we would use the word "government" today, and not to refer to Charles Stuart personally.
I believe I recall from earlier entries or annotations that the Parliament periodically allocates a substantial sum of money to the Navy to cover its general expenses, effectively a budget. If that is the case, then any money that Sam can save on masts or hemp is in fact available for other Navy uses, and doesn't simply revert to the Royal Exchequer.
On the matter of commissions, I would defend Sam in the context of the common practice of the time. It was generally understood, and was explicitly pointed out to Sam when he took the appointment as Clerk of the Acts, that the official salary for the position was only a fraction of the actual remuneration, which came from the commissions received from those doing business with the Navy. Since every member of the Navy Board received these commissions from the vendors he championed (except for Coventry, who has righteously renounced the practice now that he is wealthy), and they often backed competing vendors, the arguments around the table had to generally turn on the merits of the offer, and here Sam usually tried to figure out which vendor had the best product for the best price, and make that one his candidate for the contract, so he would have an edge in the argument. When he won, as he often did, he expected his due commission, but he could honestly say that he had gotten the best deal for the King/Navy. Of course he could have renounced his commissions also, but he didn't have the kind of money that Coventry did. That would have been like a modern civil servant turning over part of his salary to his agency.
I can't offer informed judgment of any of Mr. Lock's medical assertions (perhaps some of our physician readers can), but my confidence in them is not enhanced by his equating high pH with acidity. The reverse is the case - the lower the pH, the more acid the substance.
Sam's comment about Morland's machine unfortunately stops mid-sentence in the Google link from Terry. Here is the full sentence, from the Gutenberg site:
And there, among other things, my Lord had Sir Samuel Morland's late invention for casting up of sums of L. s. d.; which is very pretty, but not very useful.
(The correct date of this entry is 14 March 1668.)
Actually, the machine Sam refers to in this comment is not the one pictured in the link CGS provided. Morland was a prolific inventor, and invented at least three different calculating machines. The one Sam mentions added up L.s.d. sums - presumably it was "not very useful" because it took longer to use it than to do the sums in your head. The one in the Science Museum, in CGS's link, performs multiplications, and appears to be much more sophisticated. And sources refer to one that calculates trigonometic functions - how, I don't know.
See http://www.vauxhallsociety.org.uk… for a brief but illuminating summary of some of Morland's many accomplishments, with a portrait of the man himself and a photo of one of his very pretty calculating machines (a different one from the one in the Science Museum).
Patricia writes: On the 12th, Sam spent 2 hours kissing her [Jane], and yet she doesn't seem to want another meeting. Either Sam's a lousy kisser or she's a virtuous woman. (Or both!)
Patricia, there's another possibility - she might have expected the kissing to lead to something more, and when it didn't, decided Sam wasn't worth spending any more time with.
slipping their calfes I didn't understand this phrase at all, but I think Nix has it right: performing abortions.
OED definition 29 for slip, v.1: 29. Of animals: To miscarry with; to drop, bring forth, or cast prematurely. Also transf. of persons. 1665 Pepys Diary 31 Mar., My Lady Castlemaine is sick again; people think slipping her filly. 1757 Phil. Trans. L. 536 As appears by the cows with calf not slipping their calves. 1759 R. Brown Compl. Farmer 52 These [dogs] have sometimes caused them [sows] to slip their pigs. 1827 Sport. Mag. XXI. 38 My grey mare had slipped a fine horse foal+and my best cow her calf. 1859 Geo. Eliot A. Bede vi, The cheese may swell, or the cows may slip their calf.
(Paul again) Note that in the citations, when the female is the agent, it seems to mean 'miscarry', but when a doctor is the agent, the natural interpretation would be to induce a miscarriage in the female, i.e. perform an abortion.
Tokens According to a placard in the Bank of England Museum, the reason for the tokens was a dearth of official small change, which the government found too expensive to produce in the quantities required for trade.
It's fun to think of our Sam being jealous of (a youthful edition of) the sainted William Penn, almost an American founding father, whose stern visage still appears on boxes of oatmeal. I'm sure there were other London husbands equally wary of Ben Franklin, and with better cause, but they didn't keep noted diaries.
I have seen rope dancing at the Maryland Renaissance Fayre. I would guess the larger Renaissance Fairs would be the place to find people doing stunts like those that captivated folk in Sam's time (thankfully excluding bear-baiting and other blood sports).
I agree with Todd. Sam always refers to Sir W. Penn as such, not "Mr. Pen." And besides, whatever else his complaints about the gouty old admiral, jealousy has not been one of them, for fairly clear reasons.
specialties I believe meaning number 7 from the OED must be the correct one:
7. Law. A special contract, obligation, or bond, expressed in an instrument under seal.
c1482 in Cal. Proc. Chanc. Q. Eliz. (1830) II. Pref. 63 Your besecher can have noo remedy by cours of the comen lawe, for asmoche as he hath noo specialte in writyng. 1483 Cely Papers (Camden) 134 To receyve yn thys martt all syche specyalltes of yowrs payabull yn thys martt. 1528 in Lett. Suppress. Monast. (Camden) 3 Certen munimentes, evidencez, and specialties, tochinge and apperteynynge unto our monastery. 1594 West 2nd Pt. Symbol., Chancerie §120 He neither tooke any specialtie or securitie of him,+nor provided any witnesses to be present. 1621 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. V. 470 Those persons whoe have neglected to produce theire said evidences, grauntes, and specialties, to bee looked into by the Maior. 1644 Howell Twelve Treat. (1661) 238 There's no legall Instrument, no Bond, Bill, or Specialty can be writ but upon his seal'd paper. 1768 Blackstone Comm. III. 154 Where the debt arises upon a specialty, that is, upon a deed or instrument under seal. 1781 M. Madan Thelyphthora III. 309 Marriage-settlements, mortgage~deeds, and specialties of various kinds. 1856 H. Broom Comm. Common Law ii. i. 274 A specialty+is distinguished from a simple contract in writing by certain solemnities attendant on its execution--viz. by sealing and delivery. 1883 H. G. Wood Limitation of Actions 64 All instruments under seal of record, and liabilities imposed by statute, are specialties within the meaning of the Stat. 21 James I. 1606 Daniel Queen's Arcadia ii. iii, I+had secur'd her of my constant truth, Vnder so many faithfull specialties. 1640 Fuller Abel Rediv., Junius (1867) II. 187 She was bound by the specialty both of nature and grace to provide for her children. 1650 I Pisgah iii. xi. 436 But can an acquittance of humane tradition, be valid, against a debt of specialty by God's command? 1818 Cruise Digest (ed. 2) II. 176 Legatees are entitled to stand in the place of specialty creditors. 1875 K. E. Digby Real Prop. v. (1876) 249 Debts+secured by deed (called specialty debts).
We finally have a resolution to a question discussed in the pronoun parsing party for the 3 August 1664 entry. Those who selected Penn's daughter rather than Falconer's as the potential would-be heir to some of Falconer's estate win the pool (I lost). http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1…
Comments
First Reading
About Sir Charles Sedley
Paul Chapin • Link
Portrait
Michael Robinson's link [Removed, 28 Feb 2010, P.G.] has expired. Here is one that works at present, giving a portrait and some amusing commentary:
http://thisgaudygildedstage.wordp…
About Monday 3 October 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
Martin has it right: "many bodies else" = "many other people"
OED "else", sense 1.b.:
1. a. A synonym of other, used in connexion with indef., rel., or interrog. pronouns, or with words or phrases equivalent to any of these, such as anything, nothing, everything, anybody, some one; also with all (absol.), much, little, a great deal.
b. In the same sense, referring to a n., chiefly preceded by an adj. correlative with one of the pronouns, etc. mentioned in 1. Formerly common; now only poet. or arch.
(Modern usage permits us to say 'Have you seen anybody else?' 'have you read anything else?' because body and thing have lost their substantival force; but not 'Have you seen any soldier else?' 'have you read any book else?')
971 Blickl. Hom. 39 Hwylc beren mænde he þonne elles buton heofona rice? 1340-70 Alex. & Dind. 1017 Þo bostful dedeus+Schal Šou procre to pryde & to no profit ellus. 1538 Bale God's Promises in Dodsley (1780) I. 25 The adders ded stynge other wycked persones els In wonderfull numbre. 1577 T. Vautrollier Luther on Ep. Gal. 92 Sharpe chidings and bitter wordes are as necessary+as any other vertue els. 1613 Purchas Pilgr., Descr. India (1864) 19 Hee is Lord of all nor hath any else possession of any thing, but at the will of the King. 1615 Chapman Odyss. xvii. 186 By force She kept his person from all else recourse. 1803 Wordsworth Airey-Force Valley Wks. VI. 33 Where all things else are still and motionless. 1827 Pollok Course T. x, This silence+Was now forgot, and every silence else.
About Thursday 29 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
"Mr. Cutler, his landlord, took me up and down, and showed me all his ground and house, which is extraordinary great, he having bought all the Augustine Fryers, and many, many a 1000l. he hath and will bury there."
Garbling spices pays well.
About Tuesday 27 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
"having now almost 1000l., if not above, in my house, I know not what to do with it"
This is interesting. Remember some months ago we were discussing how Sandwich was holding some considerable share of Sam's fortune. But now Sam has most of his net worth in his house in thievable tangibles (I doubt that he would fret about the safety of a promissory note from Sandwich). Maybe he got paid back before Sandwich went off to war, or maybe he is not including that debt in his net worth.
Sam's problem is one I'm very glad we no longer have. Banks are almost as useful an invention as indoor plumbing.
About Saturday 24 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
Pedro's and Robert's comments suggest to me that we are in danger of falling into a confusion here occasioned by Sam's use of the word "King." As Sam uses the word in this context, I argue (as I have before) that he means it in an abstract sense, in a way that we would use the word "government" today, and not to refer to Charles Stuart personally.
I believe I recall from earlier entries or annotations that the Parliament periodically allocates a substantial sum of money to the Navy to cover its general expenses, effectively a budget. If that is the case, then any money that Sam can save on masts or hemp is in fact available for other Navy uses, and doesn't simply revert to the Royal Exchequer.
On the matter of commissions, I would defend Sam in the context of the common practice of the time. It was generally understood, and was explicitly pointed out to Sam when he took the appointment as Clerk of the Acts, that the official salary for the position was only a fraction of the actual remuneration, which came from the commissions received from those doing business with the Navy. Since every member of the Navy Board received these commissions from the vendors he championed (except for Coventry, who has righteously renounced the practice now that he is wealthy), and they often backed competing vendors, the arguments around the table had to generally turn on the merits of the offer, and here Sam usually tried to figure out which vendor had the best product for the best price, and make that one his candidate for the contract, so he would have an edge in the argument. When he won, as he often did, he expected his due commission, but he could honestly say that he had gotten the best deal for the King/Navy. Of course he could have renounced his commissions also, but he didn't have the kind of money that Coventry did. That would have been like a modern civil servant turning over part of his salary to his agency.
About Urine
Paul Chapin • Link
elevated pH
I can't offer informed judgment of any of Mr. Lock's medical assertions (perhaps some of our physician readers can), but my confidence in them is not enhanced by his equating high pH with acidity. The reverse is the case - the lower the pH, the more acid the substance.
About Wednesday 21 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
Sam's comment about Morland's machine unfortunately stops mid-sentence in the Google link from Terry. Here is the full sentence, from the Gutenberg site:
And there, among other things, my Lord had Sir Samuel Morland's late invention for casting up of sums of L. s. d.; which is very pretty, but not very useful.
(The correct date of this entry is 14 March 1668.)
Actually, the machine Sam refers to in this comment is not the one pictured in the link CGS provided. Morland was a prolific inventor, and invented at least three different calculating machines. The one Sam mentions added up L.s.d. sums - presumably it was "not very useful" because it took longer to use it than to do the sums in your head. The one in the Science Museum, in CGS's link, performs multiplications, and appears to be much more sophisticated. And sources refer to one that calculates trigonometic functions - how, I don't know.
See http://www.vauxhallsociety.org.uk… for a brief but illuminating summary of some of Morland's many accomplishments, with a portrait of the man himself and a photo of one of his very pretty calculating machines (a different one from the one in the Science Museum).
About Monday 19 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
Patricia writes: On the 12th, Sam spent 2 hours kissing her [Jane], and yet she doesn't seem to want another meeting. Either Sam's a lousy kisser or she's a virtuous woman. (Or both!)
Patricia, there's another possibility - she might have expected the kissing to lead to something more, and when it didn't, decided Sam wasn't worth spending any more time with.
About Monday 19 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
slipping their calfes
I didn't understand this phrase at all, but I think Nix has it right: performing abortions.
OED definition 29 for slip, v.1:
29. Of animals: To miscarry with; to drop, bring forth, or cast prematurely. Also transf. of persons.
1665 Pepys Diary 31 Mar., My Lady Castlemaine is sick again; people think slipping her filly. 1757 Phil. Trans. L. 536 As appears by the cows with calf not slipping their calves. 1759 R. Brown Compl. Farmer 52 These [dogs] have sometimes caused them [sows] to slip their pigs. 1827 Sport. Mag. XXI. 38 My grey mare had slipped a fine horse foal+and my best cow her calf. 1859 Geo. Eliot A. Bede vi, The cheese may swell, or the cows may slip their calf.
(Paul again) Note that in the citations, when the female is the agent, it seems to mean 'miscarry', but when a doctor is the agent, the natural interpretation would be to induce a miscarriage in the female, i.e. perform an abortion.
About Tuesday 13 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
Tokens
According to a placard in the Bank of England Museum, the reason for the tokens was a dearth of official small change, which the government found too expensive to produce in the quantities required for trade.
About Wednesday 14 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
It's fun to think of our Sam being jealous of (a youthful edition of) the sainted William Penn, almost an American founding father, whose stern visage still appears on boxes of oatmeal. I'm sure there were other London husbands equally wary of Ben Franklin, and with better cause, but they didn't keep noted diaries.
About Friday 9 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
"a dozen of silver salts"
I.e., small silver dishes for serving salt, one for each diner.
About Wednesday 7 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
I have seen rope dancing at the Maryland Renaissance Fayre. I would guess the larger Renaissance Fairs would be the place to find people doing stunts like those that captivated folk in Sam's time (thankfully excluding bear-baiting and other blood sports).
About Tuesday 6 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
Or, as paterfamilias Frank Gilbreth said, quoted in _Cheaper by the Dozen_:
Two maggots were fighting in dead Ernest.
About Tuesday 6 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
coquin
Not listed in the OED. My Cassell's French Dictionary defines it as 'knave, rascal, rogue, scamp.'
About Monday 5 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
I agree with Todd. Sam always refers to Sir W. Penn as such, not "Mr. Pen." And besides, whatever else his complaints about the gouty old admiral, jealousy has not been one of them, for fairly clear reasons.
About Thursday 1 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
Jeannine, Mr. May's cake sounds like it would take two strong people to carry it.
About Friday 2 September 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
specialties
I believe meaning number 7 from the OED must be the correct one:
7. Law. A special contract, obligation, or bond, expressed in an instrument under seal.
c1482 in Cal. Proc. Chanc. Q. Eliz. (1830) II. Pref. 63 Your besecher can have noo remedy by cours of the comen lawe, for asmoche as he hath noo specialte in writyng. 1483 Cely Papers (Camden) 134 To receyve yn thys martt all syche specyalltes of yowrs payabull yn thys martt. 1528 in Lett. Suppress. Monast. (Camden) 3 Certen munimentes, evidencez, and specialties, tochinge and apperteynynge unto our monastery. 1594 West 2nd Pt. Symbol., Chancerie §120 He neither tooke any specialtie or securitie of him,+nor provided any witnesses to be present. 1621 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. V. 470 Those persons whoe have neglected to produce theire said evidences, grauntes, and specialties, to bee looked into by the Maior. 1644 Howell Twelve Treat. (1661) 238 There's no legall Instrument, no Bond, Bill, or Specialty can be writ but upon his seal'd paper. 1768 Blackstone Comm. III. 154 Where the debt arises upon a specialty, that is, upon a deed or instrument under seal. 1781 M. Madan Thelyphthora III. 309 Marriage-settlements, mortgage~deeds, and specialties of various kinds. 1856 H. Broom Comm. Common Law ii. i. 274 A specialty+is distinguished from a simple contract in writing by certain solemnities attendant on its execution--viz. by sealing and delivery. 1883 H. G. Wood Limitation of Actions 64 All instruments under seal of record, and liabilities imposed by statute, are specialties within the meaning of the Stat. 21 James I. 1606 Daniel Queen's Arcadia ii. iii, I+had secur'd her of my constant truth, Vnder so many faithfull specialties. 1640 Fuller Abel Rediv., Junius (1867) II. 187 She was bound by the specialty both of nature and grace to provide for her children. 1650 I Pisgah iii. xi. 436 But can an acquittance of humane tradition, be valid, against a debt of specialty by God's command? 1818 Cruise Digest (ed. 2) II. 176 Legatees are entitled to stand in the place of specialty creditors. 1875 K. E. Digby Real Prop. v. (1876) 249 Debts+secured by deed (called specialty debts).
About Wednesday 31 August 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
The months with "R" don't start until tomorrow, so these are indeed early oysters. Hope they're OK.
About Friday 26 August 1664
Paul Chapin • Link
We finally have a resolution to a question discussed in the pronoun parsing party for the 3 August 1664 entry. Those who selected Penn's daughter rather than Falconer's as the potential would-be heir to some of Falconer's estate win the pool (I lost).
http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1…