L&M: John Hawley – A colleague of Pepys at the Exchequer at the start of the Diary, where they were both clerks to George Downing c 1658-60. In March 1658, George Downing refers to Hawley as "my servant at my house;" by the following September he was living at Major Greenleaf's in the Axe Yard. According to the Diary he was clerk to the merchant Sir Thomas Ingram 1660-61, entered the service of the Bishop of London 1661-66, and ended as under-clerk to the parish of St. Giles [in-the-Fields].
Glyn, if you're still around, please would you give your sources for the twins and premature information?
"'to my Aunt Wight, but that her only child, a daughter, died last night' "... But still, poor woman, especially in her condition: she's six-months pregnant. I wonder if she knows that she's going to have twins? (Both girls.)"
I don't see anything Pepys says to lead us into this conversation -- maybe you've been reading ahead?
And in answer to your questions, multiple children are always a surprise. But today we have ultrasounds, so twins and triplets are easy to spot and prepare for. After that, there's always room for a stowaway, even today.
Is she Mary Sutton Wight or Mary Day Pepys Wight? The family tree says Mary Sutton Wight. And it shows 3 dead babies by 1664. Plus William in 1663, a live one.
"After my Lord was awake, I went up to him to the Nursery, where he do lie, ..."
This caught me, and all I can guess is that Montagu is now using his Whitehall apartment, but the painting and redecorating is underway, so he is sleeping in what used to be the nursery. Once his bedhead is reupholstered in the latest French fashion, etc., he'll move back into the adult quarters.
Sir Francis Chaplin was described as a clothier of Thames Street, St. Botolph, Billingsgate, London, and he was an alderman of London from 1668 until his death in 1680, a Sheriff of London in 1669 and also Lord Mayor of London 1677–1678. Sir Francis became a prosperous London merchant.
Sir Francis Chaplin (1628-1680). Elected to the Court of Aldermen 1668. Father of John Chaplin (ancestor of the Chaplins of Blankney, now represented by the Right Hon. Henry Chaplin) and of Sir Robert Chaplin, Bart. Pepys (Diary, January 22, 1668) describes him as ‘a pretty humoured little man, and the MS. account of the Aldermen of 1672 speaks of him as ‘a person truly loyall’ and ‘active in businesse, but too quick and open sometimes in declaring his opinion.’ He was alderman for Vintry, Sheriff of London in 1668 and lord mayor in 1677. He belonged to the Clothworkers’ Company and was its master in 1668. He was knighted in 1669 or 1670. Woodhead records him as having ‘£14,390 RAC stock £1,000 of original stock’, as well as land in Jamaica among other places. He has a biography on Marine Lives that can be read at http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/H… .
In 2021 Wikipedia didn’t have an entry for Sir Francis Chaplin, although there is an entry for his son Sir Robert Chaplin that states the son was expelled from the House of Commons as a result of scandals surrounding his directorship at the slave trading South Sea Company. https://www.historyofparliamenton…
Wikipedia also has an entry for the Chaplin baronets, the disgraced MP Sir Robert Chaplin – son of lord mayor Sir Francis Chaplin – was the 1st baronet.
ON ANY GIVEN DAY, VISITORS to the Tower of London can vary from several hundred to well into the thousands. Many come wanting to see the Crown Jewels, or perhaps they desire to visit the location of where many famous executions took place.
Fewer than 24 people met their maker at the end of the executioner’s axe on Tower Green. They included the 2 wives of Henry VIII (Anne Boleyn, and Catherine Howard), as well as Lady Jane Grey, who was Queen of England for only 9 days.
What they may not be aware of, is that the vast majority of public executions took place outside the walls of the Tower, a few yards away, on a grassy knoll (near Tower Hill Underground Station}.
An estimated 125 people lost their lives across the road on Tower Hill. The disparity in numbers is because executions inside the Tower of London were reserved for individuals of extremely high rank, or who possessed great popular support.
At the western edge of a green space known as Trinity Square Gardens, a scaffold was erected from the 15th century to dispatch individuals who held an air of status and were found guilty of high treason or other offenses against the crown. It operated for nearly 400 years, with the last public execution taking place in 1747, that of Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat, a supporter of the Stuart family’s right to the throne.
Today, visitors can find a small cordoned-off area, just to the left of the Merchant Navy Memorial, WWI Section. Here, you’ll find the list of their names, beginning in 1381 and ending in the mid-1700s. It includes participants in the following rebellions: Peasants’ Revolt, War of the Roses, English Reformation, as well as the Jacobite Uprising. Thousands of eager onlookers would gather to witness these public displays of execution.
Located in Trinity Square Gardens, a few yards west of Tower Hill Underground Station, close to the intersection of Tower Hill and Trinity Square. Always accessible, free of charge.
Prayers. Wogan surrenders. THE House being informed, that Colonel Thomas Wogan, one of the Persons who sat in Judgment upon the late King, hath surrendered himself; Resolved, That Colonel Thomas Wogan be taken into Custody by the Serjeant at Arms attending this House.
@@@
Since Wogan is never mentioned by Pepys, briefly: Thomas Wogan, the third son of John Wogan of Wiston, Pembrokeshire, was active in Wales for Parliament during the First Civil War and was elected recruiter MP for Cardigan in August 1646.
During the Second Civil War, Thomas Wogan MP served under Col. Horton at the defeat of the Royalist insurgents at the battle of St. Fagans (May 1648), after which he was promoted to colonel and appointed vernor of Aberystwyth Castle by Cromwell.
In January 1649, Col. Thomas Wogan was appointed to the High Court of Justice for the trial of King Charles, and was a signatory of the King's death warrant.
During the Commonwealth, Col. Thomas Wogan MP was granted lands in Ireland, where a branch of the Wogan family was long established.
Col. Thomas Wogan MP was excluded from pardon at the Restoration and surrendered to the authorities in June 1660.
Col. Thomas Wogan MP was held at York Castle until 1664 when he escaped to the Netherlands.
He was last heard of at Utrecht in 1666, when Aphra Behn reported that he was engaged in a conspiracy against the English government. http://bcw-project.org/biography/…
'"but I could not get in" -- 'Does this mean Sam is part of My Lord's entourage? An, as yet, unimportant part?'
Speaker of the House of Commons, Harbottle Grimston MP (1603-1685) has an extensive House of Commons biography. During the English Civil Wars, he remained a Parliamentarian but was sympathetic to the Royalists.
As Speaker, Grimston would have enjoyed prestigeous housing -- where it was, I have no idea. (Today the Speaker has an incredible apartment in the Palace of Westminster overlooking the Thames -- but of course, it's not the Palace Pepys knew.)
If you've been to Westminster Hall (the one Pepys did know) you will have seen the golden coach made by Wiliam and Mary for the Speaker in 1711. Again, not something Pepys would have seen, but together they give you an idea of the invested power of the position of Speaker in those days.
My take on this comment is that the Speaker gave a public dinner party for Charles II -- something the masses could watch from behind a barrier. Charles didn't like doing this, and avoided doing it as much as he could, but at the time it was customary for the peasants to gawk at the rich and powerful at meal times. The kitchens always cooked too much food, so the leftovers could be given to the poor -- guess who were first in line.
So I think Pepys arrived with or after the rich and powerful, and found the space behind the barrier already full.
Instead of elbowing out the poor, he returned to his old digs at Montagu's apartments at Whitehall (and probably got a snack from the reinstated housekeeper, Sarah?) before going home to Elizabeth.
L&M companion: “a public official appointed under a royal patent acquired a legal tenure for life and was customarily immune for dismissal for anything short of criminal conviction.”
But that wasn’t true for Mr. Barlow who received a royal patent from King Charles I, which was honored by the Commonwealth. Barlow is about to loose his income, gratuities, and housing. No wonder he's upset.
He'd been receiving the 35/. income; the gratuities paid by Royalists are probably more generous than those given by Cromwellians??? What I'm getting at is that we will see Pepys squirrel away a goodly sum in the next few years, but I don't think we should assume Barlow has been so fortunate.
Allhallows the Great. The only parish church in this ward is that of All hallows the Great, situated on the south side of Thames-street, between All hallows-lane, and Hay wharf lane. It was antiently called All hallows the More, and All hallows ad Fœnum, in the Ropery, from its vicinity to a hay wharf, and situation among Rope-makers; and was founded by the noble family of the Despencers, who presented thereunto in the year 1361: from whom it passed with the heiress to the earl of Warwick and Salisbury; and at last to the crown.
Henry VIII exchanged this church with Thomas archbishop of Canterbury, in 1546; in whose successors it still continues, and is one of the 13 peculiars in London belonging to the archbishop of Canterbury.
It was termed All hallows the Great, to distinguish it from All hallows the Less, a church near adjoining to it on the east; which not being rebuilt after the great fire, the parishes were united.
This latter church was originally a rectory in the gift of the bishop of Winchester; and rebuilt by Sir John Poultney, who purchased the advowson, and appropriated it to his college of St. Laurence Poultney. The steeple and choir of this church stood on an arched gate, being the entry to the great house, called Cold Herbergh, above mentioned.
From that time the church became a donative or curacy, which falling to the crown at the dissolution of religious houses, Queen Elizabeth first granted it for 21 years to William Verle; and King James I sold it to Richard Blake, &c. and their heirs for ever, in free soccage. By which means the impropriation is now in the heirs or assigns of Dr. Edward Waddington, late bishop of Chichester.
The present church of All hallows the Great was designed by Sir Christopher Wren; and was finished in 1683, but was not executed with the same accuracy with which it was planned. It is 87 ft long, 60 ft broad, and 33 ft high to the roof: built of stone, strong and solid. The walls are plain and massy; the ornaments few and simple; and the windows though large, in order to enlighten such a considerable breadth, are not numerous. The tower is 86 ft high, plain, square, and divided into 5 stages, but terminates absolutely plain without spire, turret or pinnacles. The cornice is supported by scrolls, and over these rises a balustrade of solid construction, suitable to the rest of the building.
Highlights from John Noorthouck, 'Book 2, Ch. 20: Dowgate Ward', in A New History of London Including Westminster and Southwark (London, 1773), pp. 612-614. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/… [accessed 28 June 2023].
Tallow chandlers hall. On the north west side of Dowgate hill stands the hall of the company of Tallow chandlers, which is a large handsome building with piazzas, adorned with columns and arches of the Tuscan order.
Skinners hall. Below this hall on the same side is Skinners hall, a fine brick edifice compleatly finished; the hall is elegantly wainscotted with oak, and the parlour with cedar.
Innholders, Dyers, Joyners, Plumbers and Watermans halls.
Cold Harbour. In Great Elbow lane near the church stands the hall of the Innholders company, which is a neat convenient building; and in Little Elbow-lane, is Dyers hall.
In Friars-lane is situated the hall of the company of Joyners; remarkable for a magnificent screen at the entering into the hall-room, having demi-savages, and a variety of other enrichments, carved in wainscot. The great parlour is wainscotted with cedar.
In a dirty place called Chequer yard, is Plumbers hall, a small neat building, which is lett out for a dancing school.
At the south west corner of Cold Harbour-lane is Watermans hall which fronts the Thames.
This Cold Harbour, or as it is now corruptly called Coal Harbour, was formerly a magnificent building named Cold Herbergh or Cold Inn, probably so termed from its cold situation near the Thames; and which was given by Henry IV to his son the prince of Wales.
The name of this ward is derived from Dowgate, one of the 4 original gates of London. It is bounded on the south by the river Thames; on the east by Bridge and Candlewick-wards; on the north by Wallbrook-ward; and on the west by Vintry-ward.
The extent of this ward is from St. Martin's-lane in the east, to Cloak-lane in the west; and from thence both east and west to the river Thames, almost in direct lines; within which track are contained, on the south side of Thames street, Old Swan-lane, Cold-harbour, All hallows-lane, Campion-lane, Friars lane, Cosins-lane, Dowgate-dock, and the Still-yard; St. Laurence Pountney hill, almost as far as St. Laurence's churchyard; Suffolk-lane, as far as the passage into Bush-lane; Bush-lane, almost the whole; Dowgate-hill, as far as Tallowchandlers-hall northward; Chequer-yard; Elbow-lane as far as the church-yard, only the south east side of the way; and Cloak-lane, the south side, to 160 ft west of Dowgate-hill. The whole is divided into 8 precincts.
Thames street. Thames street, which crosses this ward from east to west, is the general passage to the several lanes and alleys leading down to the wharfs; and is therefore continually crouded with carriages loaded with goods.
Stillyard. The most noted of these wharfs is the Stillyard or Steelyard, so often mentioned in the preceding history as being the place originally allotted to the Hanseatic merchants for storing up their wares; and where they had their hall, Guilda Aula Teutonicorum, for the transacting their affairs. It is now chiefly occupied by merchants who trade in iron; of which there are always large quantities in bars to be seen there.
Merchant Taylors school. On the east side of Suffolk-lane stands a celebrated school, founded by the company of Merchant Taylors in 1561, during the mastership of Emanuel Lucar; Richard Hills, a former master of the company, having before given 500/. toward the purchase of an house, called the Manor of the Rose, belonging to the 1st Duke of Buckingham, for that purpose. But that house was destroyed by the great fire in 1666, the present buildings were erected upon the same spot at the charge of the company. This school is a spacious building, supported on the east by many stone pillars, which form an handsome cloister, within which are apartments for the 3 ushers. Adjoining to the school is a library, supported in like manner, by pillars of stone, and well furnished with books. South of the library is the chapel; and contiguous to these is a large house appropriated to the head master.
According to London, Past and Present. H.B. Wheatley, 1891:
General Monck lodged at The Three Tuns near the Guildhall on this memorable occasion in 1660:
"But the next morning early, February 9 (1660), the General commanded the march of his army up into the City, without advising with any of his own officers. And having placed his main guards at the old Exchange, and other convenient places, he retired himself to the Three Tuns Tavern, near Guildhall, where he dispatched his orders." — Skinner's Life of Monk, p. 233.
The House of Commons in 2023 published their massive research on the MPs and their analysis of the House's activities from 1642-1660. It will be a long time before it is available free on line.
Today they also published their recommendation on how to research this period:
"How do you discover what has already been published about the English and British Civil Wars, the Commonwealth and Protectorate or the history of parliament between 1640 and 1660? "Most people will probably turn to online search engines such as Google. Whilst popular search engines will provide you with a lot of results, how can you quickly ascertain their usefulness for your study, teaching or research? The problem with popular search engines is that they search indiscriminately and do not distinguish between the academic and the non-academic, the relevant and the irrelevant. "This is where the Bibliography of British and Irish History can help you: with targeted literature searches that have already been evaluated by expert historians to ensure their relevance to your topic. ..."
More details follow -- and most of it appears to cost money, but less than the books.
If you're doing real research, this could be very helpful to you.
Comments
Third Reading
About John Hawley
San Diego Sarah • Link
L&M: John Hawley – A colleague of Pepys at the Exchequer at the start of the Diary, where they were both clerks to George Downing c 1658-60. In March 1658, George Downing refers to Hawley as "my servant at my house;" by the following September he was living at Major Greenleaf's in the Axe Yard. According to the Diary he was clerk to the merchant Sir Thomas Ingram 1660-61, entered the service of the Bishop of London 1661-66, and ended as under-clerk to the parish of St. Giles [in-the-Fields].
About Thursday 28 June 1660
San Diego Sarah • Link
Glyn, if you're still around, please would you give your sources for the twins and premature information?
"'to my Aunt Wight, but that her only child, a daughter, died last night'
"... But still, poor woman, especially in her condition: she's six-months pregnant. I wonder if she knows that she's going to have twins? (Both girls.)"
I don't see anything Pepys says to lead us into this conversation -- maybe you've been reading ahead?
And in answer to your questions, multiple children are always a surprise. But today we have ultrasounds, so twins and triplets are easy to spot and prepare for. After that, there's always room for a stowaway, even today.
About Mary Wight (a, Aunt Wight)
San Diego Sarah • Link
These annotations are totally confusing to me.
Is she Mary Sutton Wight or Mary Day Pepys Wight?
The family tree says Mary Sutton Wight.
And it shows 3 dead babies by 1664. Plus William in 1663, a live one.
About Thursday 28 June 1660
San Diego Sarah • Link
"After my Lord was awake, I went up to him to the Nursery, where he do lie, ..."
This caught me, and all I can guess is that Montagu is now using his Whitehall apartment, but the painting and redecorating is underway, so he is sleeping in what used to be the nursery. Once his bedhead is reupholstered in the latest French fashion, etc., he'll move back into the adult quarters.
About Francis Chaplin
San Diego Sarah • Link
Sir Francis Chaplin was described as a clothier of Thames Street, St. Botolph, Billingsgate, London, and he was an alderman of London from 1668 until his death in 1680, a Sheriff of London in 1669 and also Lord Mayor of London 1677–1678. Sir Francis became a prosperous London merchant.
@@@
Entry from THE CITY OF LONDON & THE SLAVE TRADE -- PART 6
https://reclaimec1.wordpress.com/…
Sir Francis Chaplin (1628-1680).
Elected to the Court of Aldermen 1668.
Father of John Chaplin (ancestor of the Chaplins of Blankney, now represented by the Right Hon. Henry Chaplin) and of Sir Robert Chaplin, Bart.
Pepys (Diary, January 22, 1668) describes him as ‘a pretty humoured little man, and the MS. account of the Aldermen of 1672 speaks of him as ‘a person truly loyall’ and ‘active in businesse, but too quick and open sometimes in declaring his opinion.’
He was alderman for Vintry, Sheriff of London in 1668 and lord mayor in 1677.
He belonged to the Clothworkers’ Company and was its master in 1668.
He was knighted in 1669 or 1670.
Woodhead records him as having ‘£14,390 RAC stock £1,000 of original stock’, as well as land in Jamaica among other places.
He has a biography on Marine Lives that can be read at http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/H… .
In 2021 Wikipedia didn’t have an entry for Sir Francis Chaplin, although there is an entry for his son Sir Robert Chaplin that states the son was expelled from the House of Commons as a result of scandals surrounding his directorship at the slave trading South Sea Company.
https://www.historyofparliamenton…
Wikipedia also has an entry for the Chaplin baronets, the disgraced MP Sir Robert Chaplin – son of lord mayor Sir Francis Chaplin – was the 1st baronet.
About Thursday 28 June 1660
San Diego Sarah • Link
"Both Pepys (in 1667-8) and his host, Francis Chaplin (in 1668-9), later served as Masters of the Company. (Per L&M note)"
That should read 1677-78.
About Clothworkers' Hall
San Diego Sarah • Link
L&M: The Clothworkers’ Hall in Mincing Lane was a 16th-century building reconstructed in 1633-34. In 1677-78 Pepys served as Masters of the Company.
About Oliver St John
San Diego Sarah • Link
Bletsoe Castle, home of the St.Johns of Bletsoe in the 17th century, is for sale. https://countrylife.onthemarket.c…
About Tower Hill
San Diego Sarah • Link
ON ANY GIVEN DAY, VISITORS to the Tower of London can vary from several hundred to well into the thousands. Many come wanting to see the Crown Jewels, or perhaps they desire to visit the location of where many famous executions took place.
Fewer than 24 people met their maker at the end of the executioner’s axe on Tower Green. They included the 2 wives of Henry VIII (Anne Boleyn, and Catherine Howard), as well as Lady Jane Grey, who was Queen of England for only 9 days.
What they may not be aware of, is that the vast majority of public executions took place outside the walls of the Tower, a few yards away, on a grassy knoll (near Tower Hill Underground Station}.
An estimated 125 people lost their lives across the road on Tower Hill. The disparity in numbers is because executions inside the Tower of London were reserved for individuals of extremely high rank, or who possessed great popular support.
At the western edge of a green space known as Trinity Square Gardens, a scaffold was erected from the 15th century to dispatch individuals who held an air of status and were found guilty of high treason or other offenses against the crown. It operated for nearly 400 years, with the last public execution taking place in 1747, that of Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat, a supporter of the Stuart family’s right to the throne.
Today, visitors can find a small cordoned-off area, just to the left of the Merchant Navy Memorial, WWI Section. Here, you’ll find the list of their names, beginning in 1381 and ending in the mid-1700s. It includes participants in the following rebellions: Peasants’ Revolt, War of the Roses, English Reformation, as well as the Jacobite Uprising. Thousands of eager onlookers would gather to witness these public displays of execution.
Located in Trinity Square Gardens, a few yards west of Tower Hill Underground Station, close to the intersection of Tower Hill and Trinity Square. Always accessible, free of charge.
https://www.atlasobscura.com/plac…
That's the same Tube station you'll use for Seething Lane, St. Olave's and St. Bartholomews Barking
About Tally
San Diego Sarah • Link
An example of when tally sticks came in handy when the Exchequor was empty
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
About Tuesday 26 June 1660
San Diego Sarah • Link
Our encyclopedia page for Tally sticks
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
About Wednesday 27 June 1660
San Diego Sarah • Link
On this day, one of the Regicides who got away turned himself into the House of Commons:
https://www.british-history.ac.uk…
Wednesday, 27th June1660.
Prayers.
Wogan surrenders.
THE House being informed, that Colonel Thomas Wogan, one of the Persons who sat in Judgment upon the late King, hath surrendered himself;
Resolved, That Colonel Thomas Wogan be taken into Custody by the Serjeant at Arms attending this House.
@@@
Since Wogan is never mentioned by Pepys, briefly: Thomas Wogan, the third son of John Wogan of Wiston, Pembrokeshire, was active in Wales for Parliament during the First Civil War and was elected recruiter MP for Cardigan in August 1646.
During the Second Civil War, Thomas Wogan MP served under Col. Horton at the defeat of the Royalist insurgents at the battle of St. Fagans (May 1648), after which he was promoted to colonel and appointed vernor of Aberystwyth Castle by Cromwell.
In January 1649, Col. Thomas Wogan was appointed to the High Court of Justice for the trial of King Charles, and was a signatory of the King's death warrant.
During the Commonwealth, Col. Thomas Wogan MP was granted lands in Ireland, where a branch of the Wogan family was long established.
Col. Thomas Wogan MP was excluded from pardon at the Restoration and surrendered to the authorities in June 1660.
Col. Thomas Wogan MP was held at York Castle until 1664 when he escaped to the Netherlands.
He was last heard of at Utrecht in 1666, when Aphra Behn reported that he was engaged in a conspiracy against the English government.
http://bcw-project.org/biography/…
About Wednesday 27 June 1660
San Diego Sarah • Link
'"but I could not get in" -- 'Does this mean Sam is part of My Lord's entourage? An, as yet, unimportant part?'
Speaker of the House of Commons, Harbottle Grimston MP (1603-1685) has an extensive House of Commons biography. During the English Civil Wars, he remained a Parliamentarian but was sympathetic to the Royalists.
As Speaker, Grimston would have enjoyed prestigeous housing -- where it was, I have no idea. (Today the Speaker has an incredible apartment in the Palace of Westminster overlooking the Thames -- but of course, it's not the Palace Pepys knew.)
If you've been to Westminster Hall (the one Pepys did know) you will have seen the golden coach made by Wiliam and Mary for the Speaker in 1711. Again, not something Pepys would have seen, but together they give you an idea of the invested power of the position of Speaker in those days.
My take on this comment is that the Speaker gave a public dinner party for Charles II -- something the masses could watch from behind a barrier.
Charles didn't like doing this, and avoided doing it as much as he could, but at the time it was customary for the peasants to gawk at the rich and powerful at meal times.
The kitchens always cooked too much food, so the leftovers could be given to the poor -- guess who were first in line.
So I think Pepys arrived with or after the rich and powerful, and found the space behind the barrier already full.
Instead of elbowing out the poor, he returned to his old digs at Montagu's apartments at Whitehall (and probably got a snack from the reinstated housekeeper, Sarah?) before going home to Elizabeth.
About Wednesday 27 June 1660
San Diego Sarah • Link
L&M companion: “a public official appointed under a royal patent acquired a legal tenure for life and was customarily immune for dismissal for anything short of criminal conviction.”
But that wasn’t true for Mr. Barlow who received a royal patent from King Charles I, which was honored by the Commonwealth. Barlow is about to loose his income, gratuities, and housing. No wonder he's upset.
He'd been receiving the 35/. income; the gratuities paid by Royalists are probably more generous than those given by Cromwellians??? What I'm getting at is that we will see Pepys squirrel away a goodly sum in the next few years, but I don't think we should assume Barlow has been so fortunate.
About Swan (Dowgate)
San Diego Sarah • Link
",,, the Swan, at Dowgate, a poor house and ill dressed, but very good fish and plenty."
No wonder Pepys didn't go back.
About Dowgate
San Diego Sarah • Link
PART 3
Allhallows the Great.
The only parish church in this ward is that of All hallows the Great, situated on the south side of Thames-street, between All hallows-lane, and Hay wharf lane. It was antiently called All hallows the More, and All hallows ad Fœnum, in the Ropery, from its vicinity to a hay wharf, and situation among Rope-makers; and was founded by the noble family of the Despencers, who presented thereunto in the year 1361: from whom it passed with the heiress to the earl of Warwick and Salisbury; and at last to the crown.
Henry VIII exchanged this church with Thomas archbishop of Canterbury, in 1546; in whose successors it still continues, and is one of the 13 peculiars in London belonging to the archbishop of Canterbury.
It was termed All hallows the Great, to distinguish it from All hallows the Less, a church near adjoining to it on the east; which not being rebuilt after the great fire, the parishes were united.
This latter church was originally a rectory in the gift of the bishop of Winchester; and rebuilt by Sir John Poultney, who purchased the advowson, and appropriated it to his college of St. Laurence Poultney. The steeple and choir of this church stood on an arched gate, being the entry to the great house, called Cold Herbergh, above mentioned.
From that time the church became a donative or curacy, which falling to the crown at the dissolution of religious houses, Queen Elizabeth first granted it for 21 years to William Verle; and King James I sold it to Richard Blake, &c. and their heirs for ever, in free soccage.
By which means the impropriation is now in the heirs or assigns of Dr. Edward Waddington, late bishop of Chichester.
The present church of All hallows the Great was designed by Sir Christopher Wren; and was finished in 1683, but was not executed with the same accuracy with which it was planned.
It is 87 ft long, 60 ft broad, and 33 ft high to the roof: built of stone, strong and solid. The walls are plain and massy; the ornaments few and simple; and the windows though large, in order to enlighten such a considerable breadth, are not numerous. The tower is 86 ft high, plain, square, and divided into 5 stages, but terminates absolutely plain without spire, turret or pinnacles. The cornice is supported by scrolls, and over these rises a balustrade of solid construction, suitable to the rest of the building.
Highlights from John Noorthouck, 'Book 2, Ch. 20: Dowgate Ward', in A New History of London Including Westminster and Southwark (London, 1773), pp. 612-614. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/… [accessed 28 June 2023].
About Dowgate
San Diego Sarah • Link
PART 2
Tallow chandlers hall.
On the north west side of Dowgate hill stands the hall of the company of Tallow chandlers, which is a large handsome building with piazzas, adorned with columns and arches of the Tuscan order.
Skinners hall.
Below this hall on the same side is Skinners hall, a fine brick edifice compleatly finished; the hall is elegantly wainscotted with oak, and the parlour with cedar.
Innholders, Dyers, Joyners, Plumbers and Watermans halls.
Cold Harbour.
In Great Elbow lane near the church stands the hall of the Innholders company, which is a neat convenient building; and in Little Elbow-lane, is Dyers hall.
In Friars-lane is situated the hall of the company of Joyners; remarkable for a magnificent screen at the entering into the hall-room, having demi-savages, and a variety of other enrichments, carved in wainscot. The great parlour is wainscotted with cedar.
In a dirty place called Chequer yard, is Plumbers hall, a small neat building, which is lett out for a dancing school.
At the south west corner of Cold Harbour-lane is Watermans hall which fronts the Thames.
This Cold Harbour, or as it is now corruptly called Coal Harbour, was formerly a magnificent building named Cold Herbergh or Cold Inn, probably so termed from its cold situation near the Thames; and which was given by Henry IV to his son the prince of Wales.
About Dowgate
San Diego Sarah • Link
Dowgate-ward.
The name of this ward is derived from Dowgate, one of the 4 original gates of London. It is bounded on the south by the river Thames; on the east by Bridge and Candlewick-wards; on the north by Wallbrook-ward; and on the west by Vintry-ward.
The extent of this ward is from St. Martin's-lane in the east, to Cloak-lane in the west; and from thence both east and west to the river Thames, almost in direct lines; within which track are contained, on the south side of Thames street, Old Swan-lane, Cold-harbour, All hallows-lane, Campion-lane, Friars lane, Cosins-lane, Dowgate-dock, and the Still-yard; St. Laurence Pountney hill, almost as far as St. Laurence's churchyard; Suffolk-lane, as far as the passage into Bush-lane; Bush-lane, almost the whole; Dowgate-hill, as far as Tallowchandlers-hall northward; Chequer-yard; Elbow-lane as far as the church-yard, only the south east side of the way; and Cloak-lane, the south side, to 160 ft west of Dowgate-hill. The whole is divided into 8 precincts.
Thames street.
Thames street, which crosses this ward from east to west, is the general passage to the several lanes and alleys leading down to the wharfs; and is therefore continually crouded with carriages loaded with goods.
Stillyard.
The most noted of these wharfs is the Stillyard or Steelyard, so often mentioned in the preceding history as being the place originally allotted to the Hanseatic merchants for storing up their wares; and where they had their hall, Guilda Aula Teutonicorum, for the transacting their affairs. It is now chiefly occupied by merchants who trade in iron; of which there are always large quantities in bars to be seen there.
Merchant Taylors school.
On the east side of Suffolk-lane stands a celebrated school, founded by the company of Merchant Taylors in 1561, during the mastership of Emanuel Lucar; Richard Hills, a former master of the company, having before given 500/. toward the purchase of an house, called the Manor of the Rose, belonging to the 1st Duke of Buckingham, for that purpose.
But that house was destroyed by the great fire in 1666, the present buildings were erected upon the same spot at the charge of the company. This school is a spacious building, supported on the east by many stone pillars, which form an handsome cloister, within which are apartments for the 3 ushers.
Adjoining to the school is a library, supported in like manner, by pillars of stone, and well furnished with books. South of the library is the chapel; and contiguous to these is a large house appropriated to the head master.
About Thursday 9 February 1659/60
San Diego Sarah • Link
According to London, Past and Present. H.B. Wheatley, 1891:
General Monck lodged at The Three Tuns near the Guildhall on this memorable occasion in 1660:
"But the next morning early, February 9 (1660), the General commanded the march of his army up into the City, without advising with any of his own officers. And having placed his main guards at the old Exchange, and other convenient places, he retired himself to the Three Tuns Tavern, near Guildhall, where he dispatched his orders." — Skinner's Life of Monk, p. 233.
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
In short, no one knows what's going on.
About Oliver Cromwell
San Diego Sarah • Link
The House of Commons in 2023 published their massive research on the MPs and their analysis of the House's activities from 1642-1660. It will be a long time before it is available free on line.
Today they also published their recommendation on how to research this period:
https://thehistoryofparliament.wo…
"How do you discover what has already been published about the English and British Civil Wars, the Commonwealth and Protectorate or the history of parliament between 1640 and 1660?
"Most people will probably turn to online search engines such as Google. Whilst popular search engines will provide you with a lot of results, how can you quickly ascertain their usefulness for your study, teaching or research? The problem with popular search engines is that they search indiscriminately and do not distinguish between the academic and the non-academic, the relevant and the irrelevant.
"This is where the Bibliography of British and Irish History can help you: with targeted literature searches that have already been evaluated by expert historians to ensure their relevance to your topic. ..."
More details follow -- and most of it appears to cost money, but less than the books.
If you're doing real research, this could be very helpful to you.