Sir Richard Fanshawe to Sandwich Written from: Lisbon Date: 6/16 November 1661 Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 612-613 Document type: Holograph
The news of the readiness of Tangiers "to take a new master" in obedience to orders from their old one, were very welcome news to all the English here and to the "Portingall Court"; but many others, he adds, "of this nation murmur exceedingly at it; overvaluing what they part with, as much as many of ours in England, wise men too, seem to undervalue what we shall receive."
Encloses some observations [not now appended], sent by favour of Mr. Herbert, who is anxious to wait upon his Lordship, upon that and kindred subjects, which he hopes may be shewn hereafter to Lord Peterborough, as well as to Sandwich, but with due care, believing that great advantages may accrue, which might, however, "be rendered impossible, by alarming other Nations too soon".
Adds many and interesting passages of foreign news.
FROM: Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661 Bodleian Library, University of Oxford Edward Edwards, 2005 Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32 Extent: 464 pages https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
Thomas Sneath, Richard Sweetland, and others, captives in Algiers, to Sandwich - Written from: Algiers Date: 5 November 1661 Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 606 Document type: Original.
The letter and its enclosures are addressed to the Admiral "on board the Royal James", and bear his endorsement. Represent the miseries they endure in their captivity as slaves, and entreat the Admiral's efforts for their deliverance.
Enclosure 1 A list of his Majesty's poor subjects, captives in Algier Date: 5 November 1661 Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 606v This list is arranged under four heads: (1) English; (2) Scotch; (3) Irish; (4) Guernseymen.
Enclosure 2 A list of the ships and companies belonging to his Majesty's dominions, which were taken by the Turks, since August last, 1661 Date: 5 November 1661 Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 607
FROM: Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661 Bodleian Library, University of Oxford Edward Edwards, 2005 Extent: 464 pages https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
Mr. Carte could have given us a bit more information! How many enslaved? How many ships?
Charles II has passed the buck to Parliament for the punishment of the remaining Regicides, and the Commons seems reluctant to come to terms with the challenge. But Charles is anxious to be off on his visit to Worcester:
Message from the King. Sir William Morice, one of his Majesty's principal Secretaries of State, this Day acquainted this House, That he was commanded by his Majesty to signify unto this House, that his Majesty intended to be at the Lords House on Monday Morning, singly to pass the Act for confirming publick Acts, wherein the Act of Oblivion is contained.
This is Saturday ... Monday is 48 hours away ... I don't think they are ready with the rest of the Act of Oblivion.
I suggest you click through on Uncle Robert and read Pauline and Emilio's annotations about the estate and the provisions of the will in our Encyclopedia. We will be dealing with this for a couple of years, and the background info. will help you understand what Pepys is recording. Their notes begin at https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
Britain's National Archives has Lady Anne Fanshawe's memoires and recipe book in their gift shop:
In the mid-17th century, England was divided by Civil War, but inside the home domestic life continued as it always had done. Lady Ann Fanshawe's 'receipt book' was a treasured and entirely feminine response to the upheavals of war, which left few doctors to be found.
Using Ann's receipt book and the memoirs she wrote for her surviving son, Lucy Moore follows her through this turbulent time as she leaves home, marries, bears - and buries - children and seeks to hold her family together.
"Lady Fanshawe's Receipt Book" brilliantly illuminates the life and times of an English woman's Civil War.
Manufacturer/Publisher: Atlantic Binding: Paperback Author: Lucy Moore
“Dog” comes from Old English docga, a rare word later used in Middle English to depict a specific, strong breed – the mastiff.
In Old English, hund was the general Germanic word until the term docga replaced it almost completely in the 16th century. Now, “hound” is semantically specialised and indicates a hunting dog. So far, nobody has been able to reconstruct the etymological root of docga, and no ancient English word appears to be related to it.
“Dog” is therefore a true lexicological mystery of the English vocabulary. Probably the breed it was originally indicating became popular enough to be identified with the notion of “dog” in itself, but this doesn’t explain the provenance of the word.
The same puzzling origins are shared by other zoological terms in the English lexicon, like “pig, "stag” and “hog”, which are all etymologically unclear. Interestingly, the widespread word for “dog” in Spanish, perro, is also completely obscure in its origins. https://theconversation.com/five-…
So, in 100 years, "docga" had become "dog" and hound had come to represent just hunting dogs. OR shorthand and Wheatley have chosen not to confuse us with Pepys' pronunciation of this word?
Who (or what) was, originally, a “boy”? No one knows.
In the 13th century, a boie was a servant, but already in that time the provenance of the word was obscure. A century later, the term started being used to indicate a male child.
The word doesn’t sound Germanic, but it’s not clear whether it was imported to England by the Normans either.
One interpretation traces back the term to an unattested vulgar Latin verb, *imboiare (in etymological notation, the asterisk indicates a word that has been reconstructed on the basis of the comparative method, rather than found in source material), possibly connected with the Latin boia, meaning yoke or collar, and with the concept of slavery.
Pepys clearly uses the term to indicate a young male servant in this, and most, cases in the Diary. But there are also times when he doesn't mean a servant. So I conclude the word had transformed in English by the 17th century.
"Many birds and other pretty noveltys there was, but I was afeard of being louzy, ..."
Some common words represent puzzles of the English language. "Bird" in this case may harken back to an older usage:
“Bird” sounds Germanic, but doesn’t have cognates in any other Germanic language. It can be found in Old English as a rare variant of bridd, indicating a “young bird”.
Old English speakers used fugel, as in “fowl”, as a standard term for bird. Up to the 15th century, “bird” was used not only to describe a young bird, but also a young animal in general – even a fish or a child. https://theconversation.com/five-…
The Commons discuss weightier matters that Mary, Lady Dacres' love life:
Pains and Penalties against Regicides. A Bill declaring the Pains, Penalties, and Forfeitures, to be imposed upon the Estates and Persons of certain notorious Offenders excepted out of the Act of free and general Pardon, Indemnity, and Oblivion, was this Day read the First and Second time.
Resolved, upon the Question, That the same be committed to Sir Heneag Finch, Mr. Mountague, ... And they are to meet To-morrow, at Two of the Clock in the Afternoon, in the Speaker's Chamber: And to send for Persons, Papers, and Records: And to take care for a Proviso, that may save unto the Lord Marquis of Winchester the Advantage of the Act, made on his Behalf, for Reparation of Thirteen thousand Pounds out of the Estate of Robert Wallop; and also for a Proviso, on the Behalf of the Lord Craven; and to provide for the Indemnifying the Executors of any of the said exempted Persons that are dead, for any just Payments of Monies by them made.
Executing Regicides. Ordered, That Mr. Solicitor General do bring in a Bill, To-morrow Morning, for Execution of the Persons, Prisoners in the Tower, condemned for the horrid Murder of his late Sacred Majesty King Charles the First.
Disbanding the Army, &c. Ordered, That the Committee for disbanding the Army and Navy, do make Report to this House, on Saturday Morning next.
William Staines to Sandwich Written from: Tetuan Date: 4 November 1661 Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 602-603 Document type: Holograph
When the Admiral had left Tetuan the writer acquainted the Governor with the Admiral's message; and obtained from him a warrant for the free trading here of merchant ships.
Enters, at great length, into the details of his negotiations for satisfactory Articles of Peace.
@@@
William Lever to Sandwich Written from: Malaga Date: 4 November 1661 Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 604 Document type: Holograph
Reports that Vice-Adm. Sir John Lawson left him at Malaga with charge to make provision of various necessary stores for the service of the squadron.
Communicates various advices & passages of news received from England, and from Madrid; amongst them the encounter between the respective retinues of the French and Spanish Ambassadors to the Court of Whitehall, in a struggle for precedence, which he says cost the French 14 lives, and the Spaniard three ...
@@@
Tetuan -- Tétouan, north-central Morocco. The city lies along the Martil River (Wadi Martil), 7 miles (11 km) from the Mediterranean Sea. In the 16th century Tétouan was populated by Moorish Andalusian refugees. Spanish troops captured it in 1860 ... https://www.britannica.com/place/…
George Palmer, John Love, and other English merchants, to Sandwich Written from: In Faro Date: 4 November 1661 Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 600 Document type: Original
Hearing that "the Turks" are in strength, and infest all parts of the Mediterranean, entreat a convoy for their ships.
FROM: Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661 Bodleian Library, University of Oxford Edward Edwards, 2005 Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32 Extent: 464 pages https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
@@@
Faro is a municipality, the southernmost city and capital of the district of the same name, in the Algarve region of southern Portugal. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far…
John Rede, an English merchant at Lisbon, to Sandwich Written from: Lisbon Date: 13 November 1661 [N.S.] [3 November English style] Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 598 Document type: Holograph
The English fleet has been long expected and much desired at Lisbon. A delay in filling up the regiments to be embarked is supposed to be the cause of the delay.
The Queen of England has been somewhat indisposed, having hurt her foot. The President of the Jesuit College (who taught her Majesty English) says of her that she hath so masculine a spirit, that he is sure no dangers or troubles incident to a Winter Voyage would delay her embarkation.
FROM: Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661 Bodleian Library, University of Oxford Edward Edwards, 2005 Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32 Extent: 464 pages https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
Barckmann-Leyenbergh to Sandwich Written from: Stockholm Date: 29 October 1661 Shelfmark: MS. Carte 223, fol(s). 217-220 Document type: Holograph
The writer's letter of Sept 27 was sent under cover to Mr. Fleetwood, and was carried by him so far on its way to England, as to Hamburgh. There, Fleetwood determined [on advices from England] to return into Sweden. It is hoped the Earl will deign to accept the letter, after this long delay; and to permit another recital of later events in Sweden.
The visit of Queen Christina was received with every demonstration of joy and respect. There was, indeed, ignorance of its real object, and some natural suspicions, amongst the People, on account of the late Queen's unexpected change of religion; a change so repugnant to the glorious memory of her great father. But, eventually, people came to be assured that her chief object related to matters of revenue. At first, she made a very open display of her religion, but was ultimately persuaded to demolish certain obnoxious altars in the Palace, and to keep things more quiet. Now, there is even an anticipation that possibly she may be induced to prefer Sweden, to Rome, as her place of residence. French.
FROM: Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661 Bodleian Library, University of Oxford Edward Edwards, 2005 Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32 Extent: 464 pages https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
@@@
An ah-ha moment:
Could this be Johan Barckmann, cr. Baron Leijonbergh (Swed.) 1658 (1625-91) Career diplomat, he was in the Swedish embassy in London from 1653, becoming Commissary 1655, Resident 1661 ...???? https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl… Which would account for his knowing Sandwich and communicating in such a friendly manner.
Wiki tells us: "In April 1660 Christina was informed that Charles X Gustav had died in February. His son, Charles XI, was only 5 years old. That summer, she went to Sweden, pointing out that she had left the throne to her first cousin and his descendant, so if Charles XI died, she would take over the throne again. But as she was a Catholic that was impossible, and the clergy refused to let the priests in her entourage celebrate any Masses. "Christina left Stockholm and went to Norrköping. Eventually she submitted to a second renunciation of the throne, spending a year in Hamburg to get her finances in order on her way back to Rome. Already in 1654, she had left her income to the banker Diego Teixeira in return for him sending her a monthly allowance and covering her debts in Antwerp. She visited the Teixeira family at Jungfernstieg and entertained them in her own lodgings. "In the summer of 1662, she arrived in Rome for the third time, followed by some fairly happy years." https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
Sir Francis Bedingfield to Sandwich Written from: Puerto de Santa Maria Date: 25 October 1661 Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 597 Document type: Holograph
Has executed Lord Sandwich's instructions, immediately on their receipt.
Begs the Earl to accept by the bearer of a "small regale of chocolate".
FROM: Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661 Bodleian Library, University of Oxford Edward Edwards, 2005 Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32 Extent: 464 pages https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
@@@
My guess is that Sir Francis Bedingfield is the "consul" to Cadiz, who lives -- at least part of the time -- at Puerto de Santa Maria. https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
His name doesn't come up on Google Search, but the Bedingfield family was affluent, large and well-connected. The National Archives at Kew says: Foreign Office and predecessors: Consulate, Seville, Spain: Miscellanea Search within or browse this series to find specific records of interest. Reference: FO 332 Title: Foreign Office and predecessors: Consulate, Seville, Spain: Miscellanea Description: This series contains miscellanea from the British consulate in Cadiz (moved to Seville in 1907), Spain. Includes a ledger, an entry book and a book of resolutions of the former British factory at Cadiz, 1623 to 1825 ...
Maybe someone else knows how to get a result from their Search function?
L&M Companion: Edward "Ned" Montagu (1635-65). Eldest son of the 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton (d. 1684) and Sandwich's first cousin twice removed. M.P. for Sandwich from 1661, and Master of the Horse to Queen Mother Henrietta Maria. He acted as go-between when the royalist agent Whetstone first made contact with Adm. Montagu on the Baltic voyage in the summer of 1659, ...
Seeing this list covering only 9-1/2 years brings home how exposed they were to death and dying. Also, how detached from family and friends we have become -- by distance if not affection. Customs have changed in the USA: I am rarely invited to a funeral, but get frequent invites to Celebrations of Life months later when the bereaved have their acts somewhat together, and it's more like a wake. This gives people time to organize a visit, and the shock to subside.
"... and in spite too, ill people would breathe in the faces (out of their windows) of well people going by."
I thought people were mad doing this and refusing to wear masks, etc. during COVID. But it must be part of the human condution after all -- if I'm miserable, I'm going to make sure you are too. So sad.
John, Lord Crewe to Sandwich Date: 13 July 1661 Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 543 Document type: Holograph. With seal of arms.
Sends his wishes for the ambassador's speedy and prosperous return.
Mentions the king's speech in Parliament on the passing of the two Acts of Oblivion and of Supply as having given much satisfaction.
Adds a few words on a family & personal bereavement. "He who gave hath …”
FROM: Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661 Bodleian Library, University of Oxford Edward Edwards, 2005 Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32 Extent: 464 pages https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
Comments
Third Reading
About Wednesday 6 November 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Sir Richard Fanshawe to Sandwich
Written from: Lisbon
Date: 6/16 November 1661
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 612-613
Document type: Holograph
The news of the readiness of Tangiers "to take a new master" in obedience to orders from their old one, were very welcome news to all the English here and to the "Portingall Court"; but many others, he adds, "of this nation murmur exceedingly at it; overvaluing what they part with, as much as many of ours in England, wise men too, seem to undervalue what we shall receive."
Encloses some observations [not now appended], sent by favour of Mr. Herbert, who is anxious to wait upon his Lordship, upon that and kindred subjects, which he hopes may be shewn hereafter to Lord Peterborough, as well as to Sandwich, but with due care, believing that great advantages may accrue, which might, however, "be rendered impossible, by alarming other Nations too soon".
Adds many and interesting passages of foreign news.
FROM:
Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661
Bodleian Library, University of Oxford
Edward Edwards, 2005
Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32
Extent: 464 pages
https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
@@@
Sir Richard Fanshaw was the English Ambassador to both Spain and Portugal at this time -- https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
Lord Peterboroygh -- Henry MORDAUNT, 2nd Earl of Peterborough (1624?-1697) -- https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
About Tuesday 5 November 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Thomas Sneath, Richard Sweetland, and others, captives in Algiers, to Sandwich -
Written from: Algiers
Date: 5 November 1661
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 606
Document type: Original.
The letter and its enclosures are addressed to the Admiral "on board the Royal James", and bear his endorsement.
Represent the miseries they endure in their captivity as slaves, and entreat the Admiral's efforts for their deliverance.
Enclosure 1
A list of his Majesty's poor subjects, captives in Algier
Date: 5 November 1661
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 606v
This list is arranged under four heads: (1) English; (2) Scotch; (3) Irish; (4) Guernseymen.
Enclosure 2
A list of the ships and companies belonging to his Majesty's dominions, which were taken by the Turks, since August last, 1661
Date: 5 November 1661
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 607
FROM:
Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661
Bodleian Library, University of Oxford
Edward Edwards, 2005
Extent: 464 pages
https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
Mr. Carte could have given us a bit more information! How many enslaved? How many ships?
About Saturday 6 July 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Charles II has passed the buck to Parliament for the punishment of the remaining Regicides, and the Commons seems reluctant to come to terms with the challenge. But Charles is anxious to be off on his visit to Worcester:
Message from the King.
Sir William Morice, one of his Majesty's principal Secretaries of State, this Day acquainted this House, That he was commanded by his Majesty to signify unto this House, that his Majesty intended to be at the Lords House on Monday Morning, singly to pass the Act for confirming publick Acts, wherein the Act of Oblivion is contained.
This is Saturday ... Monday is 48 hours away ... I don't think they are ready with the rest of the Act of Oblivion.
About Saturday 6 July 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
I suggest you click through on Uncle Robert and read Pauline and Emilio's annotations about the estate and the provisions of the will in our Encyclopedia. We will be dealing with this for a couple of years, and the background info. will help you understand what Pepys is recording. Their notes begin at
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
About Capt. Edmund Curle
San Diego Sarah • Link
Barnie Razzell, would that be the David Syrett who, with R. L. DiNardo, wrote "The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660-1815", in 1994?
Searching for Syrett, Winfled, Anderson brings up a funeral home, and just Winfled Anderson brings up nothing.
Can you give us a bit more as a reference, please.
About Anne Fanshawe
San Diego Sarah • Link
Britain's National Archives has Lady Anne Fanshawe's memoires and recipe book in their gift shop:
In the mid-17th century, England was divided by Civil War, but inside the home domestic life continued as it always had done. Lady Ann Fanshawe's 'receipt book' was a treasured and entirely feminine response to the upheavals of war, which left few doctors to be found.
Using Ann's receipt book and the memoirs she wrote for her surviving son, Lucy Moore follows her through this turbulent time as she leaves home, marries, bears - and buries - children and seeks to hold her family together.
"Lady Fanshawe's Receipt Book" brilliantly illuminates the life and times of an English woman's Civil War.
Manufacturer/Publisher: Atlantic
Binding: Paperback
Author: Lucy Moore
SKU: 9781782398127
https://shop.nationalarchives.gov…
She was an incredible force of nature.
About Sunday 15 January 1659/60
San Diego Sarah • Link
“Dog” comes from Old English docga, a rare word later used in Middle English to depict a specific, strong breed – the mastiff.
In Old English, hund was the general Germanic word until the term docga replaced it almost completely in the 16th century.
Now, “hound” is semantically specialised and indicates a hunting dog. So far, nobody has been able to reconstruct the etymological root of docga, and no ancient English word appears to be related to it.
“Dog” is therefore a true lexicological mystery of the English vocabulary. Probably the breed it was originally indicating became popular enough to be identified with the notion of “dog” in itself, but this doesn’t explain the provenance of the word.
The same puzzling origins are shared by other zoological terms in the English lexicon, like “pig, "stag” and “hog”, which are all etymologically unclear.
Interestingly, the widespread word for “dog” in Spanish, perro, is also completely obscure in its origins.
https://theconversation.com/five-…
So, in 100 years, "docga" had become "dog" and hound had come to represent just hunting dogs. OR shorthand and Wheatley have chosen not to confuse us with Pepys' pronunciation of this word?
About Saturday 17 March 1659/60
San Diego Sarah • Link
"my boy ..."
Who (or what) was, originally, a “boy”? No one knows.
In the 13th century, a boie was a servant, but already in that time the provenance of the word was obscure. A century later, the term started being used to indicate a male child.
The word doesn’t sound Germanic, but it’s not clear whether it was imported to England by the Normans either.
One interpretation traces back the term to an unattested vulgar Latin verb, *imboiare (in etymological notation, the asterisk indicates a word that has been reconstructed on the basis of the comparative method, rather than found in source material), possibly connected with the Latin boia, meaning yoke or collar, and with the concept of slavery.
https://theconversation.com/five-…
Pepys clearly uses the term to indicate a young male servant in this, and most, cases in the Diary. But there are also times when he doesn't mean a servant. So I conclude the word had transformed in English by the 17th century.
About Friday 30 May 1662
San Diego Sarah • Link
"Many birds and other pretty noveltys there was, but I was afeard of being louzy, ..."
Some common words represent puzzles of the English language. "Bird" in this case may harken back to an older usage:
“Bird” sounds Germanic, but doesn’t have cognates in any other Germanic language. It can be found in Old English as a rare variant of bridd, indicating a “young bird”.
Old English speakers used fugel, as in “fowl”, as a standard term for bird. Up to the 15th century, “bird” was used not only to describe a young bird, but also a young animal in general – even a fish or a child.
https://theconversation.com/five-…
OR Pepys had no idea where fleas like to live.
About Thursday 4 July 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
The Commons discuss weightier matters that Mary, Lady Dacres' love life:
Pains and Penalties against Regicides.
A Bill declaring the Pains, Penalties, and Forfeitures, to be imposed upon the Estates and Persons of certain notorious Offenders excepted out of the Act of free and general Pardon, Indemnity, and Oblivion, was this Day read the First and Second time.
Resolved, upon the Question, That the same be committed to Sir Heneag Finch, Mr. Mountague, ... And they are to meet To-morrow, at Two of the Clock in the Afternoon, in the Speaker's Chamber: And to send for Persons, Papers, and Records: And to take care for a Proviso, that may save unto the Lord Marquis of Winchester the Advantage of the Act, made on his Behalf, for Reparation of Thirteen thousand Pounds out of the Estate of Robert Wallop; and also for a Proviso, on the Behalf of the Lord Craven; and to provide for the Indemnifying the Executors of any of the said exempted Persons that are dead, for any just Payments of Monies by them made.
Executing Regicides.
Ordered, That Mr. Solicitor General do bring in a Bill, To-morrow Morning, for Execution of the Persons, Prisoners in the Tower, condemned for the horrid Murder of his late Sacred Majesty King Charles the First.
Disbanding the Army, &c.
Ordered, That the Committee for disbanding the Army and Navy, do make Report to this House, on Saturday Morning next.
About Monday 4 November 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Also from the Carte Collection:
William Staines to Sandwich
Written from: Tetuan
Date: 4 November 1661
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 602-603
Document type: Holograph
When the Admiral had left Tetuan the writer acquainted the Governor with the Admiral's message; and obtained from him a warrant for the free trading here of merchant ships.
Enters, at great length, into the details of his negotiations for satisfactory Articles of Peace.
@@@
William Lever to Sandwich
Written from: Malaga
Date: 4 November 1661
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 604
Document type: Holograph
Reports that Vice-Adm. Sir John Lawson left him at Malaga with charge to make provision of various necessary stores for the service of the squadron.
Communicates various advices & passages of news received from England, and from Madrid; amongst them the encounter between the respective retinues of the French and Spanish Ambassadors to the Court of Whitehall, in a struggle for precedence, which he says cost the French 14 lives, and the Spaniard three ...
@@@
Tetuan -- Tétouan, north-central Morocco. The city lies along the Martil River (Wadi Martil), 7 miles (11 km) from the Mediterranean Sea. In the 16th century Tétouan was populated by Moorish Andalusian refugees. Spanish troops captured it in 1860 ... https://www.britannica.com/place/…
Malaga -- https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
Admiral Sir John Lawson - https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
No info on William Staines or William Lever sadly.
About Monday 4 November 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
George Palmer, John Love, and other English merchants, to Sandwich
Written from: In Faro
Date: 4 November 1661
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 600
Document type: Original
Hearing that "the Turks" are in strength, and infest all parts of the Mediterranean, entreat a convoy for their ships.
FROM:
Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661
Bodleian Library, University of Oxford
Edward Edwards, 2005
Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32
Extent: 464 pages
https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
@@@
Faro is a municipality, the southernmost city and capital of the district of the same name, in the Algarve region of southern Portugal.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far…
This map suggests Faro has a sheltered harbor.
https://mapcarta.com/Faro
Ir was normal for the Navy to provide escort ships for fleets of merchantmen.
About Sunday 3 November 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
John Rede, an English merchant at Lisbon, to Sandwich
Written from: Lisbon
Date: 13 November 1661 [N.S.] [3 November English style]
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 598
Document type: Holograph
The English fleet has been long expected and much desired at Lisbon. A delay in filling up the regiments to be embarked is supposed to be the cause of the delay.
The Queen of England has been somewhat indisposed, having hurt her foot. The President of the Jesuit College (who taught her Majesty English) says of her that she hath so masculine a spirit, that he is sure no dangers or troubles incident to a Winter Voyage would delay her embarkation.
FROM:
Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661
Bodleian Library, University of Oxford
Edward Edwards, 2005
Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32
Extent: 464 pages
https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
@@@
Lisbon - https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
About Tuesday 29 October 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Barckmann-Leyenbergh to Sandwich
Written from: Stockholm
Date: 29 October 1661
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 223, fol(s). 217-220
Document type: Holograph
The writer's letter of Sept 27 was sent under cover to Mr. Fleetwood, and was carried by him so far on its way to England, as to Hamburgh. There, Fleetwood determined [on advices from England] to return into Sweden. It is hoped the Earl will deign to accept the letter, after this long delay; and to permit another recital of later events in Sweden.
The visit of Queen Christina was received with every demonstration of joy and respect. There was, indeed, ignorance of its real object, and some natural suspicions, amongst the People, on account of the late Queen's unexpected change of religion; a change so repugnant to the glorious memory of her great father. But, eventually, people came to be assured that her chief object related to matters of revenue. At first, she made a very open display of her religion, but was ultimately persuaded to demolish certain obnoxious altars in the Palace, and to keep things more quiet. Now, there is even an anticipation that possibly she may be induced to prefer Sweden, to Rome, as her place of residence.
French.
FROM:
Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661
Bodleian Library, University of Oxford
Edward Edwards, 2005
Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32
Extent: 464 pages
https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
@@@
An ah-ha moment:
Could this be Johan Barckmann, cr. Baron Leijonbergh (Swed.) 1658
(1625-91) Career diplomat, he was in the Swedish embassy in London from 1653, becoming Commissary 1655, Resident 1661 ...????
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
Which would account for his knowing Sandwich and communicating in such a friendly manner.
Wiki tells us:
"In April 1660 Christina was informed that Charles X Gustav had died in February. His son, Charles XI, was only 5 years old. That summer, she went to Sweden, pointing out that she had left the throne to her first cousin and his descendant, so if Charles XI died, she would take over the throne again. But as she was a Catholic that was impossible, and the clergy refused to let the priests in her entourage celebrate any Masses.
"Christina left Stockholm and went to Norrköping. Eventually she submitted to a second renunciation of the throne, spending a year in Hamburg to get her finances in order on her way back to Rome. Already in 1654, she had left her income to the banker Diego Teixeira in return for him sending her a monthly allowance and covering her debts in Antwerp. She visited the Teixeira family at Jungfernstieg and entertained them in her own lodgings.
"In the summer of 1662, she arrived in Rome for the third time, followed by some fairly happy years."
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
About Friday 25 October 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Sir Francis Bedingfield to Sandwich
Written from: Puerto de Santa Maria
Date: 25 October 1661
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 597
Document type: Holograph
Has executed Lord Sandwich's instructions, immediately on their receipt.
Begs the Earl to accept by the bearer of a "small regale of chocolate".
FROM:
Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661
Bodleian Library, University of Oxford
Edward Edwards, 2005
Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32
Extent: 464 pages
https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
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My guess is that Sir Francis Bedingfield is the "consul" to Cadiz, who lives -- at least part of the time -- at Puerto de Santa Maria.
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
His name doesn't come up on Google Search, but the Bedingfield family was affluent, large and well-connected.
The National Archives at Kew says:
Foreign Office and predecessors: Consulate, Seville, Spain: Miscellanea
Search within or browse this series to find specific records of interest.
Reference: FO 332
Title: Foreign Office and predecessors: Consulate, Seville, Spain: Miscellanea
Description:
This series contains miscellanea from the British consulate in Cadiz (moved to Seville in 1907), Spain. Includes a ledger, an entry book and a book of resolutions of the former British factory at Cadiz, 1623 to 1825 ...
Maybe someone else knows how to get a result from their Search function?
And I'm sure Sandwich appreciated his chocolate.
About Baltic ("The Sound")
San Diego Sarah • Link
L&M Companion: Edward "Ned" Montagu (1635-65). Eldest son of the 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton (d. 1684) and Sandwich's first cousin twice removed. M.P. for Sandwich from 1661, and Master of the Horse to Queen Mother Henrietta Maria.
He acted as go-between when the royalist agent Whetstone first made contact with Adm. Montagu on the Baltic voyage in the summer of 1659, ...
About Funerals
San Diego Sarah • Link
Often I note that Pepys refers to funerals as burials. Burials are not linked here.
They include:
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - aunt Fenner
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Teddiman
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Batten
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Viner kinsman
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Mary Pepys
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Thomas Viner
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Tom Pepys
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - young Cumberland
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - cousin Scott's child
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - uncle Fenner
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - James Temple
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - a young bookseller
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Capt. Robert Blake
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - burial prep - dead person unidentified.
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Griffin's child
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - plague burials
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - she-cousin Scott
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Lawson daughter
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Anthony Joyce
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - aunt Kite
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Edward Pepys
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Mr. Russell
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Tom Whitton
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Robert Blake
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Capt. Grove's wife
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - plague fatigue
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - plague mourning
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Joyce boy
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Col. Middleton's wife
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Sir William Davenant
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - Elizabeth Dickons "Morena"
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - lengthy annotation by Wheatley on plague deaths and Bills of Mortality
Seeing this list covering only 9-1/2 years brings home how exposed they were to death and dying. Also, how detached from family and friends we have become -- by distance if not affection.
Customs have changed in the USA: I am rarely invited to a funeral, but get frequent invites to Celebrations of Life months later when the bereaved have their acts somewhat together, and it's more like a wake. This gives people time to organize a visit, and the shock to subside.
About Monday 12 February 1665/66
San Diego Sarah • Link
"... and in spite too, ill people would breathe in the faces (out of their windows) of well people going by."
I thought people were mad doing this and refusing to wear masks, etc. during COVID. But it must be part of the human condution after all -- if I'm miserable, I'm going to make sure you are too. So sad.
About Wednesday 3 July 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
"Anybody any ideas on contemporary funeral habits?"
Yes, we have started collecting information at
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
About 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th July 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
John, Lord Crewe to Sandwich
Date: 13 July 1661
Shelfmark: MS. Carte 73, fol(s). 543
Document type: Holograph. With seal of arms.
Sends his wishes for the ambassador's speedy and prosperous return.
Mentions the king's speech in Parliament on the passing of the two Acts of Oblivion and of Supply as having given much satisfaction.
Adds a few words on a family & personal bereavement. "He who gave hath …”
FROM:
Carte Calendar Volume 32, June - December 1661
Bodleian Library, University of Oxford
Edward Edwards, 2005
Shelfmark: MS. Carte Calendar 32
Extent: 464 pages
https://wayback.archive-it.org/or…
@@@
Rev. Samuel Crew died July 2 of the spotted fever – Lord Crew's son and Lady Sandwich’s brother: https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
Sir John Crew - https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…