We have also learned that 150l. has been picked up by the Navy for "repair" of the roof -- but apparently that didn't cover the complete cost of the stairs and redecorating. Or he might be paying some of his mother's "surprise" bills.
Pepys would tell us more if he wanted us to really understand these financial machinations.
Adm. Edward, Earl of Sandwich's log -- moored in the Algiers Road:
30th July. Tuesday. Capt. Sprague and the Consul came on board me again about 11 oclock and brought me word that they would have no peace without liberty to search our ships. This morning they of the town had wrought [SIC] very hard and brought over a boom from the mole head towards the Fisher's Gate. I called a Council of War immediately and it was resolved to attempt the destroying the ships with the next opportunity of a fitting wind, and accordingly every man prepared and fitted his ship, but the night was stark calm.
Copied from The Journal of Edward Mountagu, First Earl of Sandwich Admiral and General-at-Sea 1659 - 1665
Edited by RC Anderson Printed for the Navy Records Society MDCCCCXXIX
Adm. Edward, Earl of Sandwich's log -- moored in the Algiers Road:
29th July. Monday. About 9 oclock we came to an anchor in Algiers Road, about a mile from the mole head in 29 fathom, Fisher's Gate just open of the mole gate. This day I also sent Capt. Sprague with the King's letter to the Governor and another one from myself, and to bring me off the Consul. The which was performed, and together with the Consul at a full Council of War we framed our proposals and I sent them on shore by 6 oclock the next morning by Capt. Sprague and the Consul, Mr. Browne.
Copied from The Journal of Edward Mountagu, First Earl of Sandwich Admiral and General-at-Sea 1659 - 1665
Edited by RC Anderson Printed for the Navy Records Society MDCCCCXXIX
No list of English Consuls to Algiers seems to exist, so I can't help you with Mr. Browne. I suspect he was a representative from the East India Company????
According to the Wiki list posted in our Encyclopedia under "Algiers" the Governor was Ramadan Agha. But before you think he had any power, read the background material -- very few trucks rolled -- at https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
"Fisher's Gate just open of the mole gate" -- no information comes up when I search on this. I find it hard to believe a Muslim city or fort had anything named Fisher, so it was probably an English nickname for something known locally by a completely different name.
A mole is a breakwater protecting an inner harbor.
Adm. Edward, Earl of Sandwich's log -- moored in the Algiers Road:
29th. Monday. About 9 oclock we came to an anchor in Algiers Road, about a mile from the mole head in 29 fathom, Fisher's Gate just open of the mole gate. This day I also sent Capt. Sprague with the King's letter to the Governor and another one from myself, and to bring me off the Consul. The which was performed, and together with the Consul at a full Council of War we framed our proposals and I sent them on shore by 6 oclock the next morning by Capt. Sprague and the Consul, Mr. Browne.
Copied from The Journal of Edward Mountagu, First Earl of Sandwich Admiral and General-at-Sea 1659 - 1665
Edited by RC Anderson Printed for the Navy Records Society MDCCCCXXIX
No list of English Consuls to Algiers seems to exist, so I can't help you with Mr. Browne. I suspect he was a representative from the East India Company????
According to the Wiki list posted in our Encyclopedia under "Algiers" the Governor was Ramadan Agha. But before you think he had any power, read the background material -- very few trucks rolled -- at https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
"Fisher's Gate just open of the mole gate" -- no information comes up when I search on this. I find it hard to believe a Muslim city or fort had anything named Fisher, so it was probably an English nickname for something known locally by a completely different name.
A mole is a breakwater protecting an inner harbor.
Wikipedia has these listed as the rulers of Algiers:
Pashas (1577-1659): ... Daly Hassan Pasha 1599-1601 Somiman Pasha 1601-1603 Muhammad II the eunuch 1605-1607 Mustapha III Pasha 1607 Redwan Pasha 1607-1610 Kussa Mustapha 1610-1614 Hasan IV 1614-1616 Mustapha IV Pasha 1616-1619 Kassan Kaid Kussa 1619-1621 Kader Pasha 1621-1626 Hassan Khodja 1626-1634 Yusuf II 1634-1645 Mahmud Brusali Pasha 1645-1647 Yusef Pasha 1647-1650 Mehmed Pasha 1650-1653 Ahmed Pasha (first period of rule) 1653-1655 Ibrahim Pasha (first period) 1655-1656 Ahmed Pasha (second period) 1656-1657 Ibrahim Pasha (second period) 1657-1659 Ahmed Pasha (third period) 1658-1659
When I searched for information about Ramadam Agha, this came up: "The Eyala of Algiers has been in a preliminary and fundamental phase since 1659, when the leaders of the sea and the Diwan of Soldiers rejected the pasha system. This prompted the Ottoman Caliphate to pledge non-interference in Algeria, by submitting a royal proclamation proclaiming the Sublime Porte's abstention to send a governor to Algeria, saying, "We will not send you a governor, pledge allegiance to whomever you wish."
"As a result, the Janissaries office at the Eyala raced to pick Khalil Agha (1659-1660) as the reigning authority's representative. The latter attempted to implement new procedures for the Agha's authority, while Ramadan Agha (1660-1661) attempted to implement a system for the distribution of marine spoils and prizes for regular troops in order to raise their income level and regulate their movements.
"Those who succeeded in reigning after Ramadan Agha experienced assassinations and internal turmoil during their reigns. Which caused the navy leaders to descend on the scene and participate in the fall of Ali Agha in 1671.
"When the Aghas' control was destroyed, a new age began: the rule of the midwives. The latter was first defined by power, but its star quickly began to fade. The rulers who governed in recent times were primarily distinguished by weakness and ineptitude.
"As a result, the killing of female midwives, such as Mustafa Pasha in 1805, Dey Ahmed in 1809, Dey Muhammad in 1814, and Dey Omar Agha in 1817, became common. Many of them lasted only a few months, and as the money from maritime activity became limited, the rulers began imposing unfair taxes on the public, resulting in the occurrence of a series of revolutions in response to government policy, ..."
I.E. The place was ungovernable. I included the bit about the midwives because it is just so unlikely. https://gloriousalgeria.dz/En/Pos…
Adm. Edward, Earl of Sandwich doesn't mention his birthday in his log today -- but then, he wouldn't, would he? Too much of a man's world for that:
27th. Thursday. At sunset Capt. Bennett went off from the fleet to Lisbon to the King of Portugal in the frigate Martin with the King of England's letter. About 9 oclock, by an observation we made of the Scorpion's heart, we found that we were 40 degrees 18' of latitude.
Copied from The Journal of Edward Mountagu, First Earl of Sandwich Admiral and General-at-Sea 1659 - 1665
Edited by RC Anderson Printed for the Navy Records Society MDCCCCXXIX
Section III - Mediterranean 1661/62
@@@
I know nothing about navigation by the stars, so I searched on Scorpion and found a couple of annotations saying "the Scorpion’s Heart [Antares] - 26° 00’" -- so Sandwich must have found it helpful in his dead reckoning. Perhaps someone can explain it better, please.
I found an explanation of the 1661 Indemnity Act: it's posted in a week from now, but contains no spoilers, so if you absolutely must have an explanation, go to: https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
I believe in the 17th century they collected funds to free English slaves from the Barbary Pirates, and to send relief to other parishes that had suffered a catastrophe like this fire or a flood (Pepys has told us it's been raining a lot recently, so maybe many communities have been damaged, leading to 14 weeks of appeals).
I followed your instructions for the XML version, Stephane, and didn't find a July 17, 1661 entry there, either. In fact, only 3 entries for "July" in total. I even tried "iuly" which drew a blank.
So I searched on "viper" and 39 mentions were found. Either it's a very long entry, or the multiple entries will take more time to unravel than I have now.
On July 17, 1661 Dirk has posted an Evelyn entry about the Royal Society. My book has nothing for that date: https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
Again, Dirk hasn't linked it to a source, or told us his version of a print Diary.
@@@
July 17, 1661 is an unusual version of Pepys Diary, probably mimicking the print version. I have suggested to Phil that he standardize our on-line version now that we have so many more in-puts. He agreed, but it may not get done by this July as he has a lot of things going on right now.
Ahhh -- the Commons hasn't forgotten The King's letter after all:
"Pains and Penalties against Regicides. Ordered, That the Business touching those Persons that are reserved to Pains and Penalties by the Act of Indemnity, and those that are excepted out of the said Act, and those that are convicted, and condemned, in the Tower, for the horrid Murder of his late Majesty, be taken into Consideration on Friday Morning: And that a Bill be then brought in; and the Evidence heard against them: And all such of the King's Council as are not Members of this House, are to have Notice, that they may attend this Service."
Men like John Hutchinson are in the Tower. Are we in for another round of "ghastly cruelty of the public executions"?
"Now, forasmuch as the Right of Your Petitioner stands prejudiced by that single Opinion only, and that the Weight of this Case may well deserve a more full and clear Determination; Your Petitioner humbly prayeth, That Your Majesty would be graciously pleased to appoint the Case concerning the said Office of Great Chamberlain of England to be re-heard by the Peers now sitting in Parliament; and that they, with the Assistance of the Judges, may re-examine Your Petitioner's Title to the said Office, that so, Your Majesty being fully informed, Right may be done to Your Petitioner in the Premises; and that the said Mountague now Earl of Lyndsey may shew what Right and Title he hath unto the said Office and Chamberlainship, and make Answer unto the Premises.
"And Your Petitioner shall ever pray for Your Majesty's long and happy Reign.
King's Reference of it to this House. "At the Court at Whitehall,
"June 10th, 1661.
"His Majesty is graciously pleased to refer this Petition to the Peers sitting in Parliament, to hear the Petitioner and the Earl of Lyndsey concerning the Office of Lord Great Chamberlain, and do therein according to Justice and Honour.
"Will. Morice."
E. of Derby's Petition concerning the Office of Gr. Chamberlain, and Reference. Also a Petition of the Earl of Derby, concerning the Office of Great Chamberlain of England, was read:
"To the King's Most Excellent Majesty.
"The most humble Petition of Charles Earl of Derby;
"Sheweth,
"That Edward Vere, late Earl of Oxford, and Lord High Chamberlain of England, had Issue only One Son, Henry, and Three Daughters, videlicet, Elizabeth, B'idget, and Susan, and died Anno Domini 1604; after whose Death, his Son Henry was Earl of Oxford and Lord High Chamberlain, and died some Years since without Issue; by and since whose Death, the said Office of Lord High Chamberlain ought to descend and come unto Your Petitioner, he being Grandson and Heir of Elizabeth the Eldest Sister of the said Henry.
"Wherefore he humbly prayeth, That Your Sacred Majesty would be graciously pleased to refer the Hearing and Determining of Your Petitioner's Right and Title to the said Office to the most Noble Peers assembled in Parliament, who, with the Assistance of the Reverend Judges, may do Your Petitioner Right, according to the Merit of his Cause.
"And Your Majesty's Petitioner (as however by Duty and Allegiance bound) shall ever pray for Your Majesty's long and happy Reign.
"Derby."
"At the Court at Whitehall, the 13th of June 1661.
"His Majesty is graciously pleased to refer this Petition to the Peers sitting in Parliament, to hear the Petitioner and the Earl of Lyndsey concerning the Office of Lord Great Chamberlain, and to do therein according to Justice and Honour.
The Lords are no better -- they are looking for a diplomatic way out of Aubrey De Vere, 20th Earl of Oxford's Claim to the Office of Great Chamberlain of England.
The position hereditarily belongs to the Earls of Oxford, but as Aubrey was 5 when his father was killed fighting at Maastrich, King Charles I "temporarily" awarded it to the Earl of Lindsey. 30 years later the new Earl of Lindsey has no intention of handing back the privilege to Aubrey. https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
Charles II has graciously allowed the Lords sort out the mess:
E. of Oxon's Petition, concerning the Office of Gr. Chamberlain. The Earl of Pembrooke acquainted the House, "That the Earl of Oxon had desired his Lordship to present a Petition on his Behalf to this House."
Hereupon the House commanded the same to be read; which was done accordingly:
"To the King's Most Excellent Majesty.
"The humble Petition of Awbrey De Vere, Earl of Oxford;
"Sheweth,
"That Your Petitioner is lawfully entitled to the Office and Place of Great Chamberlain of England, with all the Rights and Privileges thereunto belonging.
"That, in or about the First Year of the Reign of Your Royal Father, a Petition was exhibited to His Majesty, against Your Petitioner's Father, by the Father of the Earl of Lyndsey that now is; in which Petition, the Earl of Lyndsey's Father claimed both the Earldom of Oxford, and Office of Great Chamberlain of England. And the Matter of that Petition was referred, by Your Majesty's Royal Father, to the Peers then sitting in Parliament, to the End that they, by the Advice of the Judges assistant, might certify their Opinions to His Majesty.
"That, upon this Reference, the Right of Your Petitioner's Father to the Earldom of Oxford was certified to be clear, and that without One diffenting Voice.
"But as to his Right to the Office of Great Chamberlain, there was an equal Difference of Opinion for some Time; the Lord Chief Baron Walter and the Lord Chief Justice Crewe being fully satisfied that the Right was in Your Petitioner's Father, though Justice Dodderidge and Justice Yelverton were of another Mind; until at last, by the casting Voice of Baron Trevor, who came in at the End of the Debate, as Your Petitioner hath been informed, the Opinions were made Three against Two; and thereupon their Lordships were induced to advise His late Majesty to confer the said Office on the Earl of Lyndsey.
"Ever since which Time, the said Office of Great Chamberlain hath been held by the said Earl of Lyndsey, and his Son Mountague Earl of Lyndsey, who claimeth it as his Inheritance.
The Commons seem to have forgotten Charles II's letter of June 22 about concentrating their energy on the Act of Indemnity: https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
Instead these lawmakers have decided to rewrite the CofE liturgy. No small undertaking:
Liturgy. Ordered, That a Committee be appointed to view the several Laws for confirming the Liturgy of the Church of England; and to make Search, whether the original Book of the Liturgy, annexed to the Act passed in the Fifth and Sixth Years of the Reign of King Edward the Sixth, be yet extant; and to bring in a compendious Bill to supply any Defect in the former Laws; and to provide for an effectual Conformity to the Liturgy of the Church, for the Time to come.
And a Committee was accordingly appointed, of all the Members of this House, that are of the Long Robe: And the preparing the Bill was especially recommended to the Care of Mr. Serjeant Keeling.
High Commission Court. Ordered, That it be referred to the same Committee, to look into the Act that takes away the High Commission Court; and to report their Opinion, how far the coercive Power of the Ecclesiastical Courts are taken away; and to prepare a Bill for settling the same, if they see Cause: And this Business is especially recommended to the Care of Mr. Serjeant Keeling.
Yes, today they did consider paying for the carriages needed to carry Charles, his belongings, the Court, and their belongings to Worcester etc.
By belongings, think beds and dressers and the odd tapestry so he and they have all the comforts of home!
For more about the Spanish-Portuguese war and Marshal Mainhardt, Comte de Schomberg, who is usually omitted from English history books because we he wasn't English? we don't think the Huguernots fought? he also fought for France? I dunno ... but here's more about this great general and his 2 sons who contributed much to England's 17th century fighting reputation: https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - 3 annotations https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl… -- 3 annotations
I agree with your rewrite, Ruslan. But blackmail????
Certainly Creed and Pepys are conspiring to rewrite Creed's bookkeeping to plausibly account for the 4,600/. Creed claims to have spent 1661/62 in the Med. He was given a 10,000/. float, so he could have been more greedy had he wanted to really stick it to the Navy. "By water home, and there did businesses of the office. Among others got my Lord’s imprest of 1000l. and Mr. Creed’s of 10,000l. against this voyage their bills signed." https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
Undoubtedly Creed had done some things, like mark up everything by 10 per cent, or sell off something he later had to account for: "I am pleased to see with what secret cunning and variety of artifice this Creed has carried on his business even unknown to me, which he is now forced by an accident to communicate to me."
Clearly Pepys is delighted to learn how seamen fudge the accounts so he know how to read other's creativity. And also he now has something over Creed in the future, should he need leverage in a situation.
Creed shows his appreciation by facilitating Elizabeth's petticoat -- by taking the fabric to and from Unthank's and possibly paying for it? Pepys is a dab hand at spending other people's money when he can get away with it.
But I think Pepys is basically honest; if he learns where the line is being breached by everyone, he's happy to adjust his understanding of the new rules about the line. It's like speeding when absolutely no one is around, or putting down on your expense account a birthday lunch with a friend who has business applications. When is an expense not an expense? Creative bookkeeping. Removing the receipts was the risky bit -- the boys are probably busy turning 3s into 8s and adding 1s in front of 9s to account for missing documentation.
Of course, Creed is a soldier -- record keeping and numbers are not his strong-point. Risk taking and pushing things to their limit probably is a character trait.
Comments
Third Reading
About Wednesday 31 July 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
We have also learned that 150l. has been picked up by the Navy for "repair" of the roof -- but apparently that didn't cover the complete cost of the stairs and redecorating.
Or he might be paying some of his mother's "surprise" bills.
Pepys would tell us more if he wanted us to really understand these financial machinations.
He's not selling the silver yet.
About Tuesday 30 July 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Adm. Edward, Earl of Sandwich's log -- moored in the Algiers Road:
30th July. Tuesday.
Capt. Sprague and the Consul came on board me again about 11 oclock and brought me word that they would have no peace without liberty to search our ships.
This morning they of the town had wrought [SIC] very hard and brought over a boom from the mole head towards the Fisher's Gate.
I called a Council of War immediately and it was resolved to attempt the destroying the ships with the next opportunity of a fitting wind, and accordingly every man prepared and fitted his ship, but the night was stark calm.
Copied from
The Journal of Edward Mountagu,
First Earl of Sandwich
Admiral and General-at-Sea 1659 - 1665
Edited by RC Anderson
Printed for the Navy Records Society
MDCCCCXXIX
Section III - Mediterranean 1661/62
@@@
Algiers - https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
Capt. Edward Sprague - https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
No info available about Consul Browne
Or the Fisher's Gate
About Monday 29 July 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Adm. Edward, Earl of Sandwich's log -- moored in the Algiers Road:
29th July. Monday.
About 9 oclock we came to an anchor in Algiers Road, about a mile from the mole head in 29 fathom, Fisher's Gate just open of the mole gate.
This day I also sent Capt. Sprague with the King's letter to the Governor and another one from myself, and to bring me off the Consul.
The which was performed, and together with the Consul at a full Council of War we framed our proposals and I sent them on shore by 6 oclock the next morning by Capt. Sprague and the Consul, Mr. Browne.
Copied from
The Journal of Edward Mountagu,
First Earl of Sandwich
Admiral and General-at-Sea 1659 - 1665
Edited by RC Anderson
Printed for the Navy Records Society
MDCCCCXXIX
Section III - Mediterranean 1661/62
@@@
Capt. Edward Spragge aka Sprague
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
No list of English Consuls to Algiers seems to exist, so I can't help you with Mr. Browne. I suspect he was a representative from the East India Company????
According to the Wiki list posted in our Encyclopedia under "Algiers" the Governor was Ramadan Agha. But before you think he had any power, read the background material -- very few trucks rolled -- at
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
"Fisher's Gate just open of the mole gate" -- no information comes up when I search on this. I find it hard to believe a Muslim city or fort had anything named Fisher, so it was probably an English nickname for something known locally by a completely different name.
A mole is a breakwater protecting an inner harbor.
About Saturday 29 June 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Adm. Edward, Earl of Sandwich's log -- moored in the Algiers Road:
29th. Monday.
About 9 oclock we came to an anchor in Algiers Road, about a mile from the mole head in 29 fathom, Fisher's Gate just open of the mole gate.
This day I also sent Capt. Sprague with the King's letter to the Governor and another one from myself, and to bring me off the Consul.
The which was performed, and together with the Consul at a full Council of War we framed our proposals and I sent them on shore by 6 oclock the next morning by Capt. Sprague and the Consul, Mr. Browne.
Copied from
The Journal of Edward Mountagu,
First Earl of Sandwich
Admiral and General-at-Sea 1659 - 1665
Edited by RC Anderson
Printed for the Navy Records Society
MDCCCCXXIX
Section III - Mediterranean 1661/62
@@@
Capt. Edward Spragge aka Sprague
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
No list of English Consuls to Algiers seems to exist, so I can't help you with Mr. Browne. I suspect he was a representative from the East India Company????
According to the Wiki list posted in our Encyclopedia under "Algiers" the Governor was Ramadan Agha. But before you think he had any power, read the background material -- very few trucks rolled -- at
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
"Fisher's Gate just open of the mole gate" -- no information comes up when I search on this. I find it hard to believe a Muslim city or fort had anything named Fisher, so it was probably an English nickname for something known locally by a completely different name.
A mole is a breakwater protecting an inner harbor.
About Algiers
San Diego Sarah • Link
Wikipedia has these listed as the rulers of Algiers:
Pashas (1577-1659):
...
Daly Hassan Pasha 1599-1601
Somiman Pasha 1601-1603
Muhammad II the eunuch 1605-1607
Mustapha III Pasha 1607
Redwan Pasha 1607-1610
Kussa Mustapha 1610-1614
Hasan IV 1614-1616
Mustapha IV Pasha 1616-1619
Kassan Kaid Kussa 1619-1621
Kader Pasha 1621-1626
Hassan Khodja 1626-1634
Yusuf II 1634-1645
Mahmud Brusali Pasha 1645-1647
Yusef Pasha 1647-1650
Mehmed Pasha 1650-1653
Ahmed Pasha (first period of rule) 1653-1655
Ibrahim Pasha (first period) 1655-1656
Ahmed Pasha (second period) 1656-1657
Ibrahim Pasha (second period) 1657-1659
Ahmed Pasha (third period) 1658-1659
Aghas (1659-1671):
1659-1660: Khalil Agha
1660-1661: Ramadan Agha
1661-1665: Chabane Agha
1665-1671: Ali Agha
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lis…
When I searched for information about Ramadam Agha, this came up:
"The Eyala of Algiers has been in a preliminary and fundamental phase since 1659, when the leaders of the sea and the Diwan of Soldiers rejected the pasha system. This prompted the Ottoman Caliphate to pledge non-interference in Algeria, by submitting a royal proclamation proclaiming the Sublime Porte's abstention to send a governor to Algeria, saying, "We will not send you a governor, pledge allegiance to whomever you wish."
"As a result, the Janissaries office at the Eyala raced to pick Khalil Agha (1659-1660) as the reigning authority's representative. The latter attempted to implement new procedures for the Agha's authority, while Ramadan Agha (1660-1661) attempted to implement a system for the distribution of marine spoils and prizes for regular troops in order to raise their income level and regulate their movements.
"Those who succeeded in reigning after Ramadan Agha experienced assassinations and internal turmoil during their reigns. Which caused the navy leaders to descend on the scene and participate in the fall of Ali Agha in 1671.
"When the Aghas' control was destroyed, a new age began: the rule of the midwives. The latter was first defined by power, but its star quickly began to fade. The rulers who governed in recent times were primarily distinguished by weakness and ineptitude.
"As a result, the killing of female midwives, such as Mustafa Pasha in 1805, Dey Ahmed in 1809, Dey Muhammad in 1814, and Dey Omar Agha in 1817, became common. Many of them lasted only a few months, and as the money from maritime activity became limited, the rulers began imposing unfair taxes on the public, resulting in the occurrence of a series of revolutions in response to government policy, ..."
I.E. The place was ungovernable. I included the bit about the midwives because it is just so unlikely.
https://gloriousalgeria.dz/En/Pos…
About Saturday 27 July 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Adm. Edward, Earl of Sandwich doesn't mention his birthday in his log today -- but then, he wouldn't, would he? Too much of a man's world for that:
27th. Thursday. At sunset Capt. Bennett went off from the fleet to Lisbon to the King of Portugal in the frigate Martin with the King of England's letter.
About 9 oclock, by an observation we made of the Scorpion's heart, we found that we were 40 degrees 18' of latitude.
Copied from
The Journal of Edward Mountagu,
First Earl of Sandwich
Admiral and General-at-Sea 1659 - 1665
Edited by RC Anderson
Printed for the Navy Records Society
MDCCCCXXIX
Section III - Mediterranean 1661/62
@@@
I know nothing about navigation by the stars, so I searched on Scorpion and found a couple of annotations saying "the Scorpion’s Heart [Antares] - 26° 00’" -- so Sandwich must have found it helpful in his dead reckoning. Perhaps someone can explain it better, please.
The King of Portugal = Alfonso VI
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
About Saturday 22 June 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
I found an explanation of the 1661 Indemnity Act: it's posted in a week from now, but contains no spoilers, so if you absolutely must have an explanation, go to:
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
About Sunday 30 June 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
I believe in the 17th century they collected funds to free English slaves from the Barbary Pirates, and to send relief to other parishes that had suffered a catastrophe like this fire or a flood (Pepys has told us it's been raining a lot recently, so maybe many communities have been damaged, leading to 14 weeks of appeals).
An early example of donor fatigue.
About Wednesday 26 June 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
I followed your instructions for the XML version, Stephane, and didn't find a July 17, 1661 entry there, either. In fact, only 3 entries for "July" in total. I even tried "iuly" which drew a blank.
So I searched on "viper" and 39 mentions were found. Either it's a very long entry, or the multiple entries will take more time to unravel than I have now.
Too many puzzles to think about in this heat!
About Wednesday 26 June 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
AH-HA -- there may be two versions:
On July 17, 1661 Dirk has posted an Evelyn entry about the Royal Society. My book has nothing for that date:
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
Again, Dirk hasn't linked it to a source, or told us his version of a print Diary.
@@@
July 17, 1661 is an unusual version of Pepys Diary, probably mimicking the print version. I have suggested to Phil that he standardize our on-line version now that we have so many more in-puts. He agreed, but it may not get done by this July as he has a lot of things going on right now.
About Wednesday 26 June 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Great detective work! Thank you.
And you're right -- my copy of Evelyn has nothing about a Royal Society meeting today either.
More sighs. Posting sources and a close version of the original text is so important. What was Vicente thinking???????????
About Wednesday 26 June 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Vicente: "Another session missed at the Society by Our Man."
Pepys hasn't missed anything. He won't be invited to join the Royal Society for years. Evelyn was a founding member.
Since Vicente hadn't posted the real meeting information, I went looking for the minutes on-line. All our links seem to be dead. Sigh.
Starting in January 1663/4 they begin at https://books.google.com/books?id…
About Wednesday 26 June 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
Ahhh -- the Commons hasn't forgotten The King's letter after all:
"Pains and Penalties against Regicides.
Ordered, That the Business touching those Persons that are reserved to Pains and Penalties by the Act of Indemnity, and those that are excepted out of the said Act, and those that are convicted, and condemned, in the Tower, for the horrid Murder of his late Majesty, be taken into Consideration on Friday Morning: And that a Bill be then brought in; and the Evidence heard against them: And all such of the King's Council as are not Members of this House, are to have Notice, that they may attend this Service."
Men like John Hutchinson are in the Tower. Are we in for another round of "ghastly cruelty of the public executions"?
Please don't respond -- that would be spoilers.
About Sir Thomas Crew
San Diego Sarah • Link
Sir Thomas Crew MP was brother to Jemima, Countess of Sandwich -- and therefore the Earl's brother-in-law.
About Dr Nathaniel Crew
San Diego Sarah • Link
Ruslan points out that Dr. Nathaniel Crew was brother to Jemima, Countess of Sandwich -- and therefore the Earl's brother-in-law.
About Tuesday 25 June 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
CONCLUSION:
"Now, forasmuch as the Right of Your Petitioner stands prejudiced by that single Opinion only, and that the Weight of this Case may well deserve a more full and clear Determination; Your Petitioner humbly prayeth, That Your Majesty would be graciously pleased to appoint the Case concerning the said Office of Great Chamberlain of England to be re-heard by the Peers now sitting in Parliament; and that they, with the Assistance of the Judges, may re-examine Your Petitioner's Title to the said Office, that so, Your Majesty being fully informed, Right may be done to Your Petitioner in the Premises; and that the said Mountague now Earl of Lyndsey may shew what Right and Title he hath unto the said Office and Chamberlainship, and make Answer unto the Premises.
"And Your Petitioner shall ever pray for Your Majesty's long and happy Reign.
King's Reference of it to this House.
"At the Court at Whitehall,
"June 10th, 1661.
"His Majesty is graciously pleased to refer this Petition to the Peers sitting in Parliament, to hear the Petitioner and the Earl of Lyndsey concerning the Office of Lord Great Chamberlain, and do therein according to Justice and Honour.
"Will. Morice."
E. of Derby's Petition concerning the Office of Gr. Chamberlain, and Reference.
Also a Petition of the Earl of Derby, concerning the Office of Great Chamberlain of England, was read:
"To the King's Most Excellent Majesty.
"The most humble Petition of Charles Earl of Derby;
"Sheweth,
"That Edward Vere, late Earl of Oxford, and Lord High Chamberlain of England, had Issue only One Son, Henry, and Three Daughters, videlicet, Elizabeth, B'idget, and Susan, and died Anno Domini 1604; after whose Death, his Son Henry was Earl of Oxford and Lord High Chamberlain, and died some Years since without Issue; by and since whose Death, the said Office of Lord High Chamberlain ought to descend and come unto Your Petitioner, he being Grandson and Heir of Elizabeth the Eldest Sister of the said Henry.
"Wherefore he humbly prayeth, That Your Sacred Majesty would be graciously pleased to refer the Hearing and Determining of Your Petitioner's Right and Title to the said Office to the most Noble Peers assembled in Parliament, who, with the Assistance of the Reverend Judges, may do Your Petitioner Right, according to the Merit of his Cause.
"And Your Majesty's Petitioner (as however by Duty and Allegiance bound) shall ever pray for Your Majesty's long and happy Reign.
"Derby."
"At the Court at Whitehall, the 13th of June 1661.
"His Majesty is graciously pleased to refer this Petition to the Peers sitting in Parliament, to hear the Petitioner and the Earl of Lyndsey concerning the Office of Lord Great Chamberlain, and to do therein according to Justice and Honour.
"Edw. Nicholas."
ORDERED, That the Earl of Lyndsey may have Copies of the said Two Petitions, if he please.
https://www.british-history.ac.uk…
About Tuesday 25 June 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
The Lords are no better -- they are looking for a diplomatic way out of Aubrey De Vere, 20th Earl of Oxford's Claim to the Office of Great Chamberlain of England.
The position hereditarily belongs to the Earls of Oxford, but as Aubrey was 5 when his father was killed fighting at Maastrich, King Charles I "temporarily" awarded it to the Earl of Lindsey. 30 years later the new Earl of Lindsey has no intention of handing back the privilege to Aubrey.
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl…
Charles II has graciously allowed the Lords sort out the mess:
E. of Oxon's Petition, concerning the Office of Gr. Chamberlain.
The Earl of Pembrooke acquainted the House, "That the Earl of Oxon had desired his Lordship to present a Petition on his Behalf to this House."
Hereupon the House commanded the same to be read; which was done accordingly:
"To the King's Most Excellent Majesty.
"The humble Petition of Awbrey De Vere, Earl of Oxford;
"Sheweth,
"That Your Petitioner is lawfully entitled to the Office and Place of Great Chamberlain of England, with all the Rights and Privileges thereunto belonging.
"That, in or about the First Year of the Reign of Your Royal Father, a Petition was exhibited to His Majesty, against Your Petitioner's Father, by the Father of the Earl of Lyndsey that now is; in which Petition, the Earl of Lyndsey's Father claimed both the Earldom of Oxford, and Office of Great Chamberlain of England. And the Matter of that Petition was referred, by Your Majesty's Royal Father, to the Peers then sitting in Parliament, to the End that they, by the Advice of the Judges assistant, might certify their Opinions to His Majesty.
"That, upon this Reference, the Right of Your Petitioner's Father to the Earldom of Oxford was certified to be clear, and that without One diffenting Voice.
"But as to his Right to the Office of Great Chamberlain, there was an equal Difference of Opinion for some Time; the Lord Chief Baron Walter and the Lord Chief Justice Crewe being fully satisfied that the Right was in Your Petitioner's Father, though Justice Dodderidge and Justice Yelverton were of another Mind; until at last, by the casting Voice of Baron Trevor, who came in at the End of the Debate, as Your Petitioner hath been informed, the Opinions were made Three against Two; and thereupon their Lordships were induced to advise His late Majesty to confer the said Office on the Earl of Lyndsey.
"Ever since which Time, the said Office of Great Chamberlain hath been held by the said Earl of Lyndsey, and his Son Mountague Earl of Lyndsey, who claimeth it as his Inheritance.
About Tuesday 25 June 1661
San Diego Sarah • Link
The Commons seem to have forgotten Charles II's letter of June 22 about concentrating their energy on the Act of Indemnity:
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
Instead these lawmakers have decided to rewrite the CofE liturgy. No small undertaking:
Liturgy.
Ordered, That a Committee be appointed to view the several Laws for confirming the Liturgy of the Church of England; and to make Search, whether the original Book of the Liturgy, annexed to the Act passed in the Fifth and Sixth Years of the Reign of King Edward the Sixth, be yet extant; and to bring in a compendious Bill to supply any Defect in the former Laws; and to provide for an effectual Conformity to the Liturgy of the Church, for the Time to come.
And a Committee was accordingly appointed, of all the Members of this House, that are of the Long Robe: And the preparing the Bill was especially recommended to the Care of Mr. Serjeant Keeling.
High Commission Court.
Ordered, That it be referred to the same Committee, to look into the Act that takes away the High Commission Court; and to report their Opinion, how far the coercive Power of the Ecclesiastical Courts are taken away; and to prepare a Bill for settling the same, if they see Cause: And this Business is especially recommended to the Care of Mr. Serjeant Keeling.
Yes, today they did consider paying for the carriages needed to carry Charles, his belongings, the Court, and their belongings to Worcester etc.
By belongings, think beds and dressers and the odd tapestry so he and they have all the comforts of home!
About Thursday 25 June 1663
San Diego Sarah • Link
For more about the Spanish-Portuguese war and Marshal Mainhardt, Comte de Schomberg, who is usually omitted from English history books because we he wasn't English? we don't think the Huguernots fought? he also fought for France? I dunno ... but here's more about this great general and his 2 sons who contributed much to England's 17th century fighting reputation:
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/… - 3 annotations
https://www.pepysdiary.com/encycl… -- 3 annotations
About Thursday 25 June 1663
San Diego Sarah • Link
I agree with your rewrite, Ruslan. But blackmail????
Certainly Creed and Pepys are conspiring to rewrite Creed's bookkeeping to plausibly account for the 4,600/. Creed claims to have spent 1661/62 in the Med.
He was given a 10,000/. float, so he could have been more greedy had he wanted to really stick it to the Navy.
"By water home, and there did businesses of the office. Among others got my Lord’s imprest of 1000l. and Mr. Creed’s of 10,000l. against this voyage their bills signed."
https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/…
Undoubtedly Creed had done some things, like mark up everything by 10 per cent, or sell off something he later had to account for: "I am pleased to see with what secret cunning and variety of artifice this Creed has carried on his business even unknown to me, which he is now forced by an accident to communicate to me."
Clearly Pepys is delighted to learn how seamen fudge the accounts so he know how to read other's creativity. And also he now has something over Creed in the future, should he need leverage in a situation.
Creed shows his appreciation by facilitating Elizabeth's petticoat -- by taking the fabric to and from Unthank's and possibly paying for it? Pepys is a dab hand at spending other people's money when he can get away with it.
But I think Pepys is basically honest; if he learns where the line is being breached by everyone, he's happy to adjust his understanding of the new rules about the line.
It's like speeding when absolutely no one is around, or putting down on your expense account a birthday lunch with a friend who has business applications. When is an expense not an expense?
Creative bookkeeping. Removing the receipts was the risky bit -- the boys are probably busy turning 3s into 8s and adding 1s in front of 9s to account for missing documentation.
Of course, Creed is a soldier -- record keeping and numbers are not his strong-point. Risk taking and pushing things to their limit probably is a character trait.